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Synchronized elections strengthen party salience: Evidence from a decentralized democracy 同步选举加强了政党的突出性：来自分散民主的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.004
Vimal Balasubramaniam , Apurav Yash Bhatiya , Sabyasachi Das
{"title":"Synchronized elections strengthen party salience: Evidence from a decentralized democracy","authors":"Vimal Balasubramaniam ,&nbsp;Apurav Yash Bhatiya ,&nbsp;Sabyasachi Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Voters participate in multiple elections across governance tiers, often on the same day. We investigate how synchronizing two salient elections influences voter behavior and electoral outcomes, leveraging variation in the timing of national and state elections in India. We find that synchronized elections, compared to closely timed but asynchronous elections, increase political parties’ salience among voters, boosting straight-ticket voting with a small increase in turnout. These effects result in a 21% higher probability of the same political party winning across tiers, without altering candidate composition. While synchronization significantly influences state government formation, it does not affect development outcomes. We provide suggestive evidence that voters’ cognitive constraints and increased party campaigning are likely mechanisms. A synchronized election design in decentralized democracies like India can therefore affect the relative importance of parties vis-a-vis candidates during elections and potentially shape the nature of political decentralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 916-936"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Calamities, common interests, shared identity: What shapes social cohesion in Europe? 灾难、共同利益、共同身份：是什么塑造了欧洲的社会凝聚力？
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.009
Cevat Giray Aksoy , Antonio Cabrales , Mathias Dolls , Ruben Durante , Lisa Windsteiger
{"title":"Calamities, common interests, shared identity: What shapes social cohesion in Europe?","authors":"Cevat Giray Aksoy ,&nbsp;Antonio Cabrales ,&nbsp;Mathias Dolls ,&nbsp;Ruben Durante ,&nbsp;Lisa Windsteiger","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conduct a large-scale incentivized survey experiment in nine EU countries to study how priming common economic interests (EU trade), a shared identity (EU common values), and a major health crisis (COVID-19), influences altruism, reciprocity and trust of EU citizens. We find that the COVID-19 treatment increases altruism and reciprocity towards compatriots, as well as altruism towards citizens of other EU countries. The EU common values treatment has similar effects and in addition also boosts reciprocity towards fellow Europeans. The EU trade treatment has no tangible impact on behavior. Trust in others is not affected by any treatment. Our results suggest that both a shared identity and a shared crisis can have a unifying effect among EU citizens, while shared economic interests (alone) do not significantly affect European cohesion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1049-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
(Market) power is (political) power! The pressure of declining competition on democracy （市场）力量就是（政治）力量！竞争减弱对民主的压力
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.010
Seda Basihos
{"title":"(Market) power is (political) power! The pressure of declining competition on democracy","authors":"Seda Basihos","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I study how the concentration of market power among a restricted set of corporates leads to a concentration of political power that ultimately undermines democracy. Despite being a topic of longstanding discussion, this type of mechanism lacks empirical confirmation or rejection. My paper addresses this gap by shedding light on two global trends: increasing aggregate markups and democratic backsliding. Using panel data covering 80 countries (1990–2019), I identify a negative relationship between market power and democracy. After correcting for potential endogeneity, counterfactual estimates reveal that around a quarter of the recent democratic decline can be attributed to the concentration of market power. A detailed firm-level analysis confirms that the democracy-weakening effect is driven by the increasing political influence of high-markup firms at the very top of the size distribution. The findings show that this concentration of power undermines democracy directly through institutional erosion—by increasing corruption in electoral processes and across multiple dimensions of democratic governance, such as policy-making, implementation, and regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 1092-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intergenerational impact of early life exposure to trauma: Maternal exposure to the Korean War and risk aversion 早期生活暴露于创伤的代际影响：母亲暴露于朝鲜战争和风险厌恶
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.06.002
Young-Il Albert Kim , Dongyoung Kim
{"title":"Intergenerational impact of early life exposure to trauma: Maternal exposure to the Korean War and risk aversion","authors":"Young-Il Albert Kim ,&nbsp;Dongyoung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the intergenerational effects of the Korean War exposure on risk aversion. We find that, in the first generation, the Korean War exposure made only mothers more risk-averse. However, the children of the affected mothers show significant negative intergenerational effects on risk attitudes. Parent-child attachment emerges as the key mechanism, consistent with the psychology literature. Both disassortative mating and differential fertility are ruled out as potential mechanisms, given that the treatment group neither exhibits disassortative mating nor has a different number of siblings. The adverse effects of early-life Korean War exposure on health capital may explain the poor parent–child attachment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 937-953"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Did Industrialization increase support for the radical left? Evidence from the 1917 Russian revolution 工业化是否增加了对激进左派的支持？1917年俄国革命的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.001
Paul Castañeda Dower , Andrei Markevich
{"title":"Did Industrialization increase support for the radical left? Evidence from the 1917 Russian revolution","authors":"Paul Castañeda Dower ,&nbsp;Andrei Markevich","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze the 1917 Constituent Assembly elections – the only free universal elections in Russia before the 1990s – to estimate the effect of industrialization on the radicalization of the electorate in a late industrializing economy. Our empirical strategy exploits IV estimation based on the proximity of Carboniferous strata and other initial conditions of industrialization. We find that a larger share of industrial workers increases voting for the radical left, and the effect is stronger in places that exhibited more pronounced features of late industrialization. We also show that industrialization increases electoral polarization rather than simply shifting the electorate to the left.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 884-915"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biting the hand that teaches: Unraveling the economic impact of banning private tutoring in China 咬老师的手：揭示中国禁止私人辅导的经济影响
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.002
Zibin Huang , Yinan Liu , Mingming Ma , Leo Yang Yang
{"title":"Biting the hand that teaches: Unraveling the economic impact of banning private tutoring in China","authors":"Zibin Huang ,&nbsp;Yinan Liu ,&nbsp;Mingming Ma ,&nbsp;Leo Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shadow education in China is a significant social issue and a leading factor in exacerbating education inequality that fosters over-competition. In July 2021, the Chinese government implemented the Double Reduction Policy, which banned for-profit academic private tutoring. We estimate the economic consequences of this policy on the education industry in China by employing two novel datasets containing online job postings and firm registration information. We find that within four months after the policy implementation, online job postings for tutoring-related firms decreased by 89%, tutoring-related firm entries decreased by 50%, and their exits tripled. Cities with 10,000 (2%) more children lost 50 (2.2%) more education-related job opportunities, experienced 0.4 (2.8%) fewer firm entries, and 0.03 (0.8%) more firm exits per month. Surprisingly, not only academic tutoring firms were impacted, but also untargeted businesses involving in arts and sports tutoring were heavily struck, although they were encouraged by the policy to promote children’s non-academic ability. This negative spillover can be partly explained by the interconnected ownership structure among academic and non-academic tutoring firms. Back-of-the-envelope calculations show that this policy led to 3 million job losses in four months and at least 11 billion RMB Value Added Tax losses in 18 months nationally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 4","pages":"Pages 954-976"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 and health inequality: Evidence from risky behaviors COVID-19与卫生不平等：来自危险行为的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.06.001
Chen Huang , Cong Li , Feng Liu , Sijie Wei , Ruofei Xu
{"title":"COVID-19 and health inequality: Evidence from risky behaviors","authors":"Chen Huang ,&nbsp;Cong Li ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Sijie Wei ,&nbsp;Ruofei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented disruption along many dimensions, yet we do not fully understand how it might shape health inequalities. This paper studies the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on health inequality from the perspective of risky behaviors. We adopt the novel synthetic difference-in-differences approach based on longitudinal data in China. The uniqueness of China’s COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 helps disentangle the demand-side reasons from supply-side restrictions. Results show that people with more advantaged backgrounds reduced cigarette and alcohol consumption following the pandemic, while the disadvantaged were little affected. The disparities in risky behaviors are unlikely driven by unequal income reduction and we find null pandemic effect on mental health. However, there is suggestive evidence of heterogeneous responses in social activities and health attention. While social activities may eventually return to the pre-pandemic level, enlarged gap in attention to personal health likely persists, leading to widened health inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 856-881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Judicial venality in Old Regime France: A rational choice analysis 法国旧政权下的司法腐败：理性选择分析
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.005
Bertrand Crettez , Bruno Deffains , Olivier Musy , Ronan Tallec
{"title":"Judicial venality in Old Regime France: A rational choice analysis","authors":"Bertrand Crettez ,&nbsp;Bruno Deffains ,&nbsp;Olivier Musy ,&nbsp;Ronan Tallec","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Venality, i.e., the sale of public positions, was widely used in the judicial sector in France between the 16th and 18th centuries. In a venal system, litigants finance the justice system by paying the judges directly. In France, moreover, the right to judge was sold by the ruler, who indirectly levied part of the legal costs. Here, instead of the state funding justice, justice funds the state. The cost to the King was a loss of control over the judiciary and biased legal decisions. We develop a model of judicial venality and build on this model to provide an analytical narrative of the rise and decline of judicial venality in Old Regime France. Historically, judicial venality enhanced legal capacity whereas the French kings faced with limited opportunities to raise taxes and to borrow. Lack of control over the judiciary, however, led to overly costly and time-consuming trials, resulting in its final demise during the 1789 Revolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 704-726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Globalization raises intergenerational inequality transmission in chinese villages 全球化加剧了中国农村代际不平等的传递
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.004
Yewen Yu , Liutang Gong , Junjian Yi
{"title":"Globalization raises intergenerational inequality transmission in chinese villages","authors":"Yewen Yu ,&nbsp;Liutang Gong ,&nbsp;Junjian Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using China’s accession to World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, an epoch in the globalization process in recent decades, as a quasi-experiment, this paper studies the impact of globalization on intergenerational transmission of inequality in Chinese villages. Based on nationally representative rural household survey data, this study documents that the trade shocks brought about by China’s WTO accession has amplified economic inequality across generations in Chinese villages. The WTO accession enhanced international trade between China and the rest of the world by reducing trade barriers. The booming of the export-oriented manufacturing located in coastal and urban areas led to unprecedented rural-to-urban migration in human history. We find that migration leads to large income benefit. We also find that sons from wealthy and better-educated families in rural areas are more likely to grab the job opportunities brought about by the WTO accession and are more likely to migrate, compared with sons from less-wealthy and less-educated families. Policies are called for to address the concern that inequality would be persisting across generations along with globalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 627-642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The journey to formality: How credit market access shapes informal workers' choices 正式之旅：信贷市场准入如何影响非正式工人的选择
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.003
Alina Malkova , Klara Peter
{"title":"The journey to formality: How credit market access shapes informal workers' choices","authors":"Alina Malkova ,&nbsp;Klara Peter","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jce.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze how credit market accessibility affects the transition of informal workers to the formal sector in Russia. Formal lenders determine credit limits based on verified income and incentivize informal workers to formalize their income in order to qualify for a loan. Better credit accessibility increases the likelihood of transitioning from informal to formal work. It also decreases tax evasion and raises the share of income being declared for tax purposes. Findings are robust across different model specifications, including dynamic multinomial logit model and event study approach. Simulated interventions suggest that more bank competition and a shorter distance to banks reduce the size of the informal sector and increase the tax-declared share of income.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":"53 3","pages":"Pages 683-703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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