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Tip suggestions and service efficiency 小费建议和服务效率
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102767
Guangli Zhang , Jeffrey Cross
{"title":"Tip suggestions and service efficiency","authors":"Guangli Zhang ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Cross","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>That customers respond to tip suggestions is well-documented, but less is known about how changing tip suggestions impacts service quality. Leveraging the unique setting of New York City taxicabs, we document that increasing tip suggestions improves driver efficiency (e.g., shorter distance) only when total fares are fixed. Findings from this paper thus provide novel evidence that changes in tip suggestions can impact supply-side behavior, such as service efficiency. Our results show, however, that the effect will likely vary based on the market setting, particularly the pricing mechanisms and the opportunity cost of slower service.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wage setting protocols and labor market conditions: Theory and evidence 工资设定协议与劳动力市场条件：理论与证据
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102806
Stanislav Rabinovich , Brenda Samaniego de la Parra , Ronald Wolthoff
{"title":"Wage setting protocols and labor market conditions: Theory and evidence","authors":"Stanislav Rabinovich ,&nbsp;Brenda Samaniego de la Parra ,&nbsp;Ronald Wolthoff","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We theoretically and empirically examine how firms’ choices of wage-setting protocols respond to labor market conditions. We develop a simple model in which workers can send multiple job applications and firms choose between posting wages and Nash bargaining. Posting a wage allows the firm to commit to lower wages than would be negotiated ex-post, but eliminates the ability to respond to a competing offer, should the worker have one. The model makes predictions about the joint correlation between the application–vacancy ratio, the number of applications per worker, and the incidence of wage posting. We find empirical support for these predictions in a novel dataset from an online job board. Our theory also implies that an increase in labor market competition may manifest itself through the incidence of wage posting rather than a change in the posted wages themselves; and that labor market regulations such as pay transparency laws have redistributive equilibrium effects by disproportionately benefiting workers with few applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Hedgehog’s curse: Knowledge specialization and displacement loss 刺猬的诅咒：知识专业化和位移损失
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102769
Victor Hernandez Martinez , Hans A. Holter , Roberto Pinheiro
{"title":"The Hedgehog’s curse: Knowledge specialization and displacement loss","authors":"Victor Hernandez Martinez ,&nbsp;Hans A. Holter ,&nbsp;Roberto Pinheiro","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the impact of knowledge specialization on earnings losses following displacement. We develop a novel measure of human capital specialization based on the share of knowledge areas that are irrelevant for an occupation. Combining our measure with individual labor histories from the NLSY, we show that workers with human capital specialization one standard deviation larger than average suffer earnings losses 4.8 percentage points larger than average per year following exogenous displacement. A longer average duration of non-employment spells and occupational downgrading are the two mechanisms that explain the negative effect of specialization on post-displacement earnings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of tenure-track systems on selection and productivity in Economics 经济学中终身职位制度对人才选择和生产力的影响
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102779
Marco Giovanni Nieddu , Roberto Nisticò , Lorenzo Pandolfi
{"title":"The effects of tenure-track systems on selection and productivity in Economics","authors":"Marco Giovanni Nieddu ,&nbsp;Roberto Nisticò ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Pandolfi","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how publication-based tenure-track systems affect the careers of Ph.D. graduates in Economics. We leverage a 2010 reform in Italy that replaced open-ended assistant professor (AP) positions with fixed-term contracts and introduced publication minimum requirements for career advancement. Using survey and administrative data, along with a Difference-in-Differences Event-Study approach comparing Economics to less academically-oriented fields, we find that the reform significantly reduced the likelihood of Economics Ph.D. graduates entering academia in Italy, while increasing transitions to academic careers abroad or to public and private sector jobs. Talented graduates were disproportionately affected, revealing negative selection into Italian academia following the removal of permanent AP positions. Despite these trends, tenure-track hires tend to publish more in high-ranking journals, suggesting that the reform’s incentive effects may partly mitigate its negative selection effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-run impacts of fertility restriction policy on China’s gender gap in career advancement 生育限制政策对中国职业发展性别差距的长期影响
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102782
Chen Chen
{"title":"Long-run impacts of fertility restriction policy on China’s gender gap in career advancement","authors":"Chen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the impact of China’s family planning policies in the 1970s (“Later, Longer, Fewer” campaign) on the long-term career advancement of men and women. Despite the high female labor force participation rates, I use a cohort Triple-Difference approach and find a significant gender gap in achieving managerial positions among those affected by the policies, with average exposure reducing these disparities by 20%. The narrowing of the gender gap is more pronounced for women in non-white-collar or non-female-dominated industries, where fewer institutional advantages leave women more vulnerable to fertility-related career disruptions. Women more exposed to family planning policies tend to seek college education, increase labor input, and rely less on offspring for old-age support, with no analogous findings in men, suggesting that human capital accumulation is a key mechanism for the narrowing of the gender gap in career outcomes. This paper underscores the capacity of policy interventions to influence labor market dynamics and foster gender equality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 102782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Working from home after COVID-19: Evidence from job postings in 20 countries 2019冠状病毒病后在家工作：来自20个国家招聘信息的证据
IF 2.2 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102751
Pawel Adrjan , Gabriele Ciminelli , Alexandre Judes , Michael Koelle , Cyrille Schwellnus , Tara M. Sinclair
{"title":"Working from home after COVID-19: Evidence from job postings in 20 countries","authors":"Pawel Adrjan ,&nbsp;Gabriele Ciminelli ,&nbsp;Alexandre Judes ,&nbsp;Michael Koelle ,&nbsp;Cyrille Schwellnus ,&nbsp;Tara M. Sinclair","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Remote work surged during the COVID-19 pandemic. To analyze its post-pandemic persistency, we construct an original dataset measuring remote and hybrid work (WFH) in 20 OECD countries and 55 occupations from January 2019 to December 2023, based on over 1 billion job postings from the global job site Indeed. The share of job postings advertising WFH more than quadrupled from about 2.5 % to around 11 % between January 2020 and January 2023 in the average country in our sample, continuing to grow even after pandemic-related restrictions were phased out. Exploiting changes in pandemic severity across countries and differences in the feasibility of remote work across occupations in a difference-in-differences design, we find that increases in pandemic severity substantially raised advertised WFH, but pandemic easing had no effect. We then use job search data to document persistently high interest in WFH from jobseekers and conclude that the post-pandemic persistency of WFH may partly be a response by employers to demand for flexibility from workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding labour productivity in maternity wards 了解产房的劳动生产率
IF 2.2 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102760
Marina Di Giacomo , Massimiliano Piacenza , Luca Salmasi , Gilberto Turati
{"title":"Understanding labour productivity in maternity wards","authors":"Marina Di Giacomo ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Piacenza ,&nbsp;Luca Salmasi ,&nbsp;Gilberto Turati","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides a causal estimate of labour productivity in maternity wards. We consider an Italian law that defines the staffing requirements of hospital maternity units according to the annual number of births. We exploit the discontinuities in the availability of medical staff caused by thresholds in the law to define both instrumental variables and a regression discontinuity framework that allows us to estimate the causal effect of different teams of professionals on the mode of delivery and on the health status of newborns and mothers at delivery. The analysis is based on detailed patient-level data on births in an Italian region. We find that maternity units with annual births above the thresholds are more likely to have a 'full team' of professionals at delivery. We find that having a full team has no effect on the mode of delivery (caesarean section vs vaginal birth). However, the presence of a full team has a significant impact on health outcomes. We find an improvement in both neonatal and maternal outcomes associated with a more intensive use of medical interventions, suggesting that larger hospitals are better than smaller units at managing deliveries with appropriate treatments to avoid complications. In addition, we do not find substantial heterogeneous effects across days of the week, time of day, or nationality of mothers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102760"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Paid parental leave and long-term outcomes of children—Quasi-experimental evidence from former East Germany 带薪育儿假与儿童的长期影响——来自前东德的准实验证据
IF 2.2 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102740
Katharina Heisig , Larissa Zierow
{"title":"Paid parental leave and long-term outcomes of children—Quasi-experimental evidence from former East Germany","authors":"Katharina Heisig ,&nbsp;Larissa Zierow","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of an increase in paid parental leave from six to twelve months on children’s long-term outcomes. Our setting—former East Germany—is characterized by high maternal labor market participation and a universal supply of standardized childcare. It thus mitigates identification issues such as selection into the labor market and provides a clear counterfactual to maternal care. Applying a difference-in-differences design and using representative survey data, we exploit the specific timing of the parental leave reforms in 1976 and 1986. We find significant and robust positive effects on children’s life satisfaction in adulthood for both reforms. Effects on gross wages are positive but not robust across different specifications. A heterogeneity analysis by gender reveals positive effects on trust and health among males.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Being a frontline worker in a health emergency: Healthcare workers’ absences and health during the COVID-19 pandemic 作为突发卫生事件的一线工作者：COVID-19大流行期间医护人员的缺勤与健康
IF 2.2 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102727
Hege Gjefsen , Mari Grøsland , Maja W. Grøtting , Bjørn-Atle Reme
{"title":"Being a frontline worker in a health emergency: Healthcare workers’ absences and health during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Hege Gjefsen ,&nbsp;Mari Grøsland ,&nbsp;Maja W. Grøtting ,&nbsp;Bjørn-Atle Reme","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and absenteeism of healthcare workers. Our findings show an increase in sick leave due to non-COVID-19-related illness and mental health-related consultations in primary care. Additionally, we observe a rise in the use of prescription medications for mental health issues, though this result is less certain due to a shorter observation period. The adverse effects are particularly pronounced among lower-status occupational roles and in regions with higher infection rates. However, the moderate difference in effects across areas with varying levels of infection rates suggests that, beyond the direct impact of treating COVID-19 patients, stringent infection control measures may have contributed to the adverse effects. While these effects appear to be largely transitory, we estimate the cost of increased sick leave due to non-COVID-19-related illness among healthcare workers during the pandemic to be approximately 45 million EUR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gendered language in job ads and applicant behavior: Evidence from India 招聘广告中的性别语言与求职者行为：来自印度的证据
IF 2.2 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102726
Sugat Chaturvedi , Kanika Mahajan , Zahra Siddique
{"title":"Gendered language in job ads and applicant behavior: Evidence from India","authors":"Sugat Chaturvedi ,&nbsp;Kanika Mahajan ,&nbsp;Zahra Siddique","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine employers’ gender preferences using 157,888 job ads posted on an online job portal in India which received 6.45 million applications. About 8% of the job ads include an explicit gender preference. We apply text analysis methods on job titles and detailed job descriptions to construct measures indicating how predictive the job ad text is of employers’ explicit gender preferences. We find that advertised wages are lower in jobs where employers prefer women, even when this preference is implicitly retrieved through text analysis, and that these jobs attract a larger share of female applicants. We find that explicit gender requests by employers explain 7% of the gender wage gap in applied-for-jobs between comparable men and women after accounting for a wide range of controls. Implicit gender associations in the job ad text, together with explicit requests, explain 17% of this gap. We then systematically uncover <em>gendered words</em> or attributes employers associate with men and women. We find that hard skills-related female-gendered words have lower returns but attract a higher share of female applicants, while male-gendered words indicating decreased flexibility (e.g., frequent travel or unusual working hours) have higher returns but result in a smaller share of female applicants. Finally, we identify words in job ads associated with a higher female applicant share, which can be leveraged in future experimental research and assist organizations looking to attract a diverse applicant pool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 102726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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