Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports最新文献

{"title":"Application of cartographic analysis to the characterization and measurement of archaeological coins","authors":"Ángel M. Felicísimo,&nbsp;María-Eugenia Polo","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterizing and measuring ancient coins is an important task for historians. Since the coin has a relief, it is possible to study the surface of the coin as if it were a terrain, creating a digital elevation model (DEM). A DEM is a digital representation of the bare topographic surface of the Earth and can be generated and managed using a Geographical Information System (GIS). In our proposal, the first step is to create a 3D model of the surface of the coin using photogrammetric techniques in a specific workflow. This workflow comprises the design of the data acquisition, orientation and scaling of the 3D model, followed by exportation as a point cloud. The acquired point cloud is then processed in a GIS to generate the DEM, using spatial interpolation techniques to derive a continuous raster-format surface. A range of typical cartographic analyses (visualisation, shading, measurements and profiling) is then performed on the DEM, which accurately represents the topographic surface of the coin. This approach enables the characterisation of the surface of the coin by highlighting distinctive features and providing both metric and visual information, greatly facilitating the examination of archaeological coins from different sets of tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thule dog diets in the Hudson Bay reflect human dietary variability: Implications for palaeodietary studies and past human–dog relationships in the Canadian Arctic","authors":"Brooke Driscoll ,&nbsp;Christyann M. Darwent ,&nbsp;Paul Szpak","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stable isotopic compositions of domestic dogs have frequently been used to investigate questions related to ancient human subsistence, leading to the development of analogical frameworks such as the Canine Surrogacy Approach (CSA). In this paper, we compared the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios from canid (dogs and wolves) bone and dentine collagen with previously published human and dog stable isotope ratios at the Silumiut site (KkJg-1; northwestern Hudson Bay, Canada). We found a clear dietary relationship between humans and dogs at Silumiut, suggesting that dogs were heavily influenced by human provisioning. Despite their isotopic similarities, mixing models (MixSIAR) estimated that the dogs consumed a greater proportion of terrestrial resources than humans, particularly a juvenile dog at the site, which we interpreted as reflecting a seasonal dietary signal. The isotopic variability observed among the adult dogs reflected that of humans, despite the much smaller number of dogs. This may reflect small-scale differences in the care and provisioning of dogs at this site. Based on these results, we suggest that dogs are best served as a source of indirect information about human subsistence and human–dog relationships, rather than as direct dietary proxies for humans in palaeodietary studies in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refitting structure as an indicator of duration of site occupation. A case study of Late Glacial settlement of the Hamburgian culture in western Poland","authors":"Jakub Mugaj","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diversity of settlement in the Late Paleolithic of lowland Europe is a key issue for the interpretation of the mobility system. The traditional view presented the communities of the early Late Glacial period, the Hamburgian culture, as small, frequently moving groups of reindeer hunters. In recent years, the discovery of a large encampment suggests a more diverse cyclical system of seasonal aggregation and dispersion.</div><div>This article presents an attempt to apply a method of lithic refitting structure analysis to determine the relative length of residence at two Hamburgian culture sites in western Poland that are associated with two different phases of the seasonal mobility cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obsidian and the emergence of microlithic technology in Korea","authors":"Chuntaek Seong,&nbsp;Donghee Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quite a few Upper Paleolithic sites in the Korean Peninsula yielded obsidian artifacts, and the lithic raw material was largely used in making small formalized artifacts such as microblades, endscrapers and burins, the essential elements of microlithic assemblages. Scientific analyses indicate the Mt. Baekdu area was the principal source of obsidian, while a handful of artifacts from southern locations were made of obsidian from Kyushu. Recently published radiocarbon dates indicate that the microlithic industry and obsidian use go back to 30,000 to 29,000 cal BP in the Peninsula. The new chronological formulation provides a basis on which we can evaluate the validity of the long-lasting southward diffusion model of the microblade technology which supposes Siberia, or the Altai region in particular, for its birthplace. As recent studies (Gómez Coutouly, 2018; Kuzmin and Keates, 2021) critically reassess the systematic production of microblades using pressure flaking, it is suggestive of an alternative model in that the earliest evidence of true microblade technology comes from Korea. Given the early dates in the southern Peninsula and supposed obsidian transfer from the Mt. Baekdu source to the south, the current evidence may support the conflicting routes of obsidian transfers and microlithic dispersals, or at least multidirectional and multiple dispersals. Rather than sticking to the unidirectional diffusion and migration routes, we believe that models focusing on high hunter-gatherer mobility and wide social networks toward the Last Glacial Maximum provide the most parsimonious explanation of the technological change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Pleistocene hominin presence in the Southern Iberian Plateau: Lithic assemblages from the Cueva de los Toriles site (Carrizosa, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)","authors":"Sara Díaz-Pérez ,&nbsp;Irene Megía García ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Paulos-Bravo ,&nbsp;Gabriel Cifuentes-Alcobendas ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Palancar ,&nbsp;Francesc Gascó-Lluna ,&nbsp;Isidoro Campaña Lozano ,&nbsp;Davinia Moreno ,&nbsp;Fernando Jiménez Barredo ,&nbsp;Pedro R. Moya-Maleno ,&nbsp;Daniel García-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The “La Mancha” area in central Spain has provided valuable insights into the Paleolithic sequence, particularly within the Upper and Middle Guadiana Basin. This study focuses on recent discoveries at Cueva de los Toriles, emphasizing its importance within the regional archaeological framework. The area’s Quaternary deposits have facilitated the identification of numerous Paleolithic sites, primarily yielding quartzite lithic artifacts. The Lower Paleolithic record—mainly documented on the terraces of the Guadiana River and its tributaries—is characterized by Acheulean assemblages dominated by large tools such as handaxes. In contrast, the Middle Paleolithic is marked by an increase in Mousterian sites distributed throughout the region, reflecting diverse lithic exploitation strategies, including discoidal and Levallois core reduction methods.</div><div>Cueva de los Toriles stands out for the exceptional preservation of its diverse lithic assemblage, despite disturbances caused by historical human activity. The site offers new insights into technological adaptations and cultural practices spanning from the Middle Paleolithic to recent historical periods, as evidenced by the coexistence of bifacial tools and agricultural implements such as threshing blades. The cave’s stratigraphy, though complex and partially reworked, reveals a multilayered sequence of occupation that presents both interpretive challenges and opportunities.</div><div>Overall, this study contributes novel data to our understanding of prehistoric occupation in inland Iberia. It underscores the significance of Cueva de los Toriles as a key site for investigating the long-term cultural evolution of human populations in the southern sub-plateau of the Iberian Peninsula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximum entropy and GIS: An approach to assessing the settlement pattern of the Ninevite 5 culture (3000–2500 BCE) in the Upper Great Zab region (Erbil Province, Kurdistan region of Iraq)","authors":"Biel Soriano-Elias ,&nbsp;Francesc Xavier Garcia-Ramis ,&nbsp;Miquel Molist","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ninevite 5 culture extended across a large area throughout the Northern Mesopotamian plains, from the first ranges of the Zagros Mountains to the east, and the course of the Khabur River, in the plains of the Syrian Jazeera (Hassakah Province), to the west. This wide extension, combined with modern political divisions, the heterogeneous character of surveys undertaken in past decades, and uneven investigation efforts, has provided an incomplete general image of the settlement pattern of the Ninevite 5 period. This study addresses an attempt to describe the settlement pattern of a group of sites belonging to the Ninevite 5 period in a region in the Kurdistan of Iraq, an area known as UGZAR (Upper Great Zab Archaeological Survey). In order to fulfil our objective, the area has been studied using a combination of machine learning and GIS software to establish the settlement pattern through the modelling of several geographical and political variables. To do so, we applied the Maximum Entropy modelling to the UGZAR region during this period. Ultimately, this approach aims to overcome the fragmentary vision that currently rules the research on this period and offers an initial study of the Ninevite 5 settlement patterns and communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper smelting on Dhaskalio, Keros: Redefining Early Cycladic metallurgy and metalworking","authors":"Demetrios Ioannides ,&nbsp;Myrto Georgakopoulou ,&nbsp;Michael J Boyd ,&nbsp;Colin Renfrew ,&nbsp;Thilo Rehren","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The island of Keros, situated in the middle of the Cyclades in the Aegean Sea, Greece, hosted the world’s earliest maritime sanctuary, dating to the Early Cycladic (EC) II and III periods. Just off the west coast of Keros, the islet of Dhaskalio accommodated an important EC complex associated with the sanctuary. One of the principal productive activities within the complex was metalworking, another being obsidian blade production, evidence for which was found ubiquitously. Past analytical studies have shown that the metallurgical remains from the summit of Dhaskalio are overwhelmingly consistent with secondary copperworking activities, with arsenical copper being the predominant alloy. Excavations carried out in 2016 – 2018 revealed that metallurgical processes were spread almost across the entire built-up area. Workshop remains indicative of different technical processes associated with copper and lead metallurgy were uncovered, with key findings in areas below the summit, and the NE periphery of Dhaskalio toward the sea. The finds related to metallurgy, including slags, copper and lead spills, metallurgical ceramics, and baking pans, surpass in numbers and variety anything known from settlement contexts of the same period in the Cyclades, thereby confirming Dhaskalio as a major metalworking centre for the Early Bronze Age Aegean. This paper reports on the analytical examination of slag and mineral samples from the new excavations. The results provide a comprehensive characterisation of the metallurgical processes conducted at the settlement while aiming to explore their longevity and potential spatial functional distinctions within the site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Carpathian obsidians reconsidered: An application of Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (pXRF)","authors":"Clive Bonsall ,&nbsp;Milan Kohút","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reviews previous research on the chemical characterization of Carpathian obsidians to distinguish between geological sources and correlate archaeological finds with specific sources. We also present new Portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF) measurements for obsidian samples collected from seven geological locations in the Carpathian obsidian province and compare the results with those obtained by previous researchers employing laboratory-based EDXRF, LA-ICP-MS, ICP-MS and NAA. Our findings have implications for the terminology applied to obsidian sources in the Carpathians and emphasize the importance of accurately georeferencing the obsidian samples used for source characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative archaeometric study of Late Bronze Age Black Lustrous and Red Lustrous Wheel-made wares from the Eastern Mediterranean","authors":"Mustafa Kibaroğlu ,&nbsp;Ekin Kozal ,&nbsp;Lindy Crewe ,&nbsp;Mario A.S. Martin ,&nbsp;Irmgard Hein ,&nbsp;Patrick Monien ,&nbsp;Celia J. Bergoffen","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black Lustrous Wheel-made Ware (BLW) and Red Lustrous Wheel-made Ware (RLW) are two distinctive fine ceramic types that circulated across the Eastern Mediterranean during the Late Bronze Age (c. 1650–1050 BCE). While RLW has been extensively studied and its production linked to Rough Cilicia (Southern Anatolia), the provenance, manufacturing, and distribution of BLW remain poorly understood. BLW appears in small quantities at sites across Cyprus, the Levant, Egypt, and Southern Anatolia, yet its relationship to RLW has not been systematically examined through archaeometric analysis.</div><div>This study presents the results of an archaeometric investigation of 45 BLW samples from Alalakh (Türkiye), Enkomi (Cyprus), Ashkelon (Israel), and Aniba (Egypt) to address questions regarding raw material sources, production, and possible connections between BLW and RLW in terms of provenance and technological traditions. To achieve this, a multi-analytical approach was employed, integrating laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and strontium-neodymium (Sr-Nd) isotope analysis for elemental and isotopic characterization for provenance determination, and petrographic thin-section analysis for fabric characterization. Additionally, 22 reference clay samples from the northern Cyprus were analyzed to assess potential raw material sources for BLW.</div><div>The analytical results demonstrate that BLW was produced using multiple clay sources available in northern/northeastern Cyprus, supporting the archaeological hypothesis of a Cypriot origin. Compositional data further indicate that BLW and RLW represent distinct manufacturing traditions, with RLW linked to Southern Anatolia, while BLW belongs to the Cypriot Late Bronze Age ceramic tradition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceramic manufacturing traditions and sources from the multi-period agro-pastoral cemetery of Jebel Moya, Sudan","authors":"Patrick Sean Quinn ,&nbsp;Isabelle Vella Gregory ,&nbsp;Hannah Brittany Page ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hussein Abdelrahman Adam ,&nbsp;Michael Brass","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The agro-pastoral cemetery of Jebel Moya, Sudan is a complex multi-period site with burials dating back to the 2nd millennium BC and herding and cultivation activities predating available radiometrically dated burials. The earliest activity based on pottery comparisons is dated to the late 6th millennium BC. Building on previous work that identified three distinct pottery assemblages and two dominant paste recipes in Assemblage 3 (spanning the first millennium BC to early first centuries AD), this study focuses on 57 sherds and one figurine from the earlier Late Mesolithic, Neolithic and 1st millennium BC strata (Assemblages 1 and 2). These were characterised stylistically and analysed via thin section petrography, instrumental geochemistry and scanning electron microscopy. The study reveals consistent geochemical and petrographic characteristics, suggesting the use of two distinct but related paste recipes over 5000 years. This stands in stark contrast to significant changes in vessel shape, decoration and motor actions during this period. These two persistent recipes seem to indicate the use of the site by two social groups, producing pottery at Jebel Moya and perhaps another location in the Gezira Plain, or a long-term exchange relationship. Rare sherds coming from further afar were detected in Assemblage 3, but not in the earlier strata.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 105194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}