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Working With Youth Who Have Experienced Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Voices From the Field. 与遭受商业性剥削的青少年合作：来自实地的声音。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0195
Claire Helpingstine, Maureen C Kenny
{"title":"Working With Youth Who Have Experienced Commercial Sexual Exploitation: Voices From the Field.","authors":"Claire Helpingstine, Maureen C Kenny","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the experiences of service providers working with youth who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation (CSE). In this qualitative study, 12 service providers shared their experiences working with youth who have experienced CSE. Thematic analysis was used to develop key themes that included the challenges posed by working with this population, including the breadth of necessary services and the type of support that is needed for this work. Participants shared the importance of being prepared to work with this population and learn from those with lived experience. The complexity of cases and the difficulty engaging youth who had experienced CSE were also themes. These results can inform service providers who work with youth about the common challenges in working with this population and prepare the next generation of service providers for this difficult work. Training service providers, managing their expectations, and getting them ready for their role will be critical for successful intervention with youth who have experienced CSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"515-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining Ethnoracial Differences in Retention in Evidence-Based Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Military Sexual Trauma. 研究基于证据的军队性创伤后应激障碍治疗中的人种保留率差异。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0069
Peter P Grau, Katherine M Fedele, Michelle A Fernando, Brittany Hall-Clark, Sheila A M Rauch, Katherine E Porter, Minden Sexton
{"title":"Examining Ethnoracial Differences in Retention in Evidence-Based Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Military Sexual Trauma.","authors":"Peter P Grau, Katherine M Fedele, Michelle A Fernando, Brittany Hall-Clark, Sheila A M Rauch, Katherine E Porter, Minden Sexton","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0069","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving and expanding mental health treatment for Veterans who have experienced military sexual trauma (MST) is currently a top priority in Veterans Healthcare Administration. Many of these Veterans develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and there is increasing recognition that diversity is a core treatment consideration for Veterans who have experienced trauma. As such, more information is needed concerning the relationship between trauma-focused treatment attrition and ethnoracial identity in Veterans who have experienced MST. This article presents two studies exploring dropout from a Midwestern Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) PTSD clinic in samples of Veterans who experienced MST. These studies aim to reduce this knowledge gap by contrasting Black and White Veterans' retention in trauma-focused care. In Study 1 (<i>n</i> = 141), we examined ethnoracial differences in dropout in a cohort of treatment-seeking Veterans who experienced MST and engaged in cognitive processing therapy (CPT) in a VA specialty PTSD clinic. In Study 2 (<i>n</i> = 109), we explored the same questions related to treatment attrition in a separate cohort of treatment-seeking Veterans who experienced MST and engaged in prolonged exposure (PE) in a VA specialty PTSD clinic. Results from both studies did not indicate ethnoracial differences in attrition rate (for both total sessions and an 8-week minimally adequate care [MAC] window) across evidence-based PTSD treatment. However, it remains important to consider the impact of racial and cultural factors on retention. Future research should aim to recruit a larger racially and ethnically diverse sample to explore possible varying retention outcomes of CPT and PE for MST-related PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"618-633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do All Victimization Types Cluster? Assessing the Co-Occurrence of Hate Speech With Criminal and Bullying Victimization at School. 所有受害类型都会聚集吗？评估仇恨言论与校园犯罪和欺凌行为的共存性。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0015
Allison Kurpiel
{"title":"Do All Victimization Types Cluster? Assessing the Co-Occurrence of Hate Speech With Criminal and Bullying Victimization at School.","authors":"Allison Kurpiel","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence indicates that poly-victimization relates to greater victim impacts than single-type victimization. A separate body of research finds that victimization motivated by bias is associated with elevated harm. However, little empirical work has assessed whether youth who experience biased victimization are poly-victims, and studies have not sufficiently examined the potentially deleterious effects of experiencing both types of victimization. This study uses nationally representative data to examine the prevalence of school-based crime and bullying victimization among hate speech victims. I then assess the odds of experiencing fear and avoiding places at school across victimization types. The findings reveal that a considerable number of hate speech victims are also bullied and that experiencing any two types of victimization is associated with increased odds of fear and avoidance. These results highlight the importance of targeting biased victimization in anti-bullying programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"534-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Religious Coping Styles Used by Young Black Women Who Experience DatingViolence. 遭遇约会暴力的年轻黑人女性采用的宗教应对方式。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0092
Katrina J Debnam, Juehyun Shin, Adam J Milam
{"title":"Religious Coping Styles Used by Young Black Women Who Experience DatingViolence.","authors":"Katrina J Debnam, Juehyun Shin, Adam J Milam","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0092","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2023-0092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young Black women experience higher rates of dating violence victimization compared to their White peers. Religion is a cornerstone of African American culture, suggesting that Black women may use religious coping after experiencing trauma like dating violence. However, research has not explored the patterns of religious coping following dating violence experiences. The current study analyzed survey data from 481 young Black women aged 18-19 years on their religious coping behaviors, acceptance of violence beliefs, and dating violence victimization experiences. Results showed that victimization was positively associated with negative religious coping. Findings indicate that one way young Black women cope with dating violence victimization is through feelings of spiritual discontent, and they may see their victimization as a punishment from God.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"634-644"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigating the Degree to Which Unstructured Socializing With Peers and Delinquency Are Nonlinear. 调查非结构化的同伴社交与犯罪的非线性程度。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2023-0117
Robert J L Archer
{"title":"Investigating the Degree to Which Unstructured Socializing With Peers and Delinquency Are Nonlinear.","authors":"Robert J L Archer","doi":"10.1891/VV-2023-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2023-0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the formulation of Cohen and Felson's (1979) routine activity theory (RAT), Osgood et al. (1996) established a reformulated theory to better explain patterns of situational offense and coined the RAT of general deviance or more commonly known as unstructured socializing with peers (USWP). The present study seeks to explore whether spending more time in USWP may increase antisocial behavior in a nonlinear manner, either accelerating or decelerating. Results showed that the relationship between USWP and property delinquency was found to be nonlinear in a decelerating manner. Similar results were found for the association between USWP and substance use. Finally, the relationship between USWP and violent delinquency was significant, although no evidence was found for nonlinearity. The present study concludes with theoretical implications, limitations, and directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cyberbullying: Risk Factors for Victimization in Rural Schools and the Influence of School Climate. 网络欺凌：农村学校的受害风险因素及学校氛围的影响》（Risk Factors for Victimization in Rural Schools and the Influence of School Climate.
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0115
Ashley Harrison-Pavlik, Mary Louise Cashel, Daryl Kroner
{"title":"Cyberbullying: Risk Factors for Victimization in Rural Schools and the Influence of School Climate.","authors":"Ashley Harrison-Pavlik, Mary Louise Cashel, Daryl Kroner","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0115","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2022-0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the prevalence rates and risk factors for cyberbullying victimization and perpetration among 7th-12th grade students (<i>n</i> = 3,396) enrolled in 22 public school districts across Southern Illinois. Risk factors included victimization by traditional bullying, gender identity, cell phone use, and social media usage. We also examined perceptions of school climate and safety. We observed that traditional bullying victimization, gender identity, and social media usage predicted cyberbullying victimization. Similarly, perceptions of school climate and safety were significantly and positively correlated with cyberbullying victimization. In turn, perceptions of school climate and safety predicted cyberbullying perpetration. Rurality was a factor uniquely related to perpetration. Specifically, students from non-rural schools reported higher levels of cyberbullying perpetration than did students from rural schools. Our results underscore the need for intervention and prevention programs to focus on all forms of bullying and parental monitoring of social media accounts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":"555-570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
College Students' Coercive Sexting and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Shorter- and Longer-Term Relationships. 大学生在短期和长期关系中的胁迫性 Sexting 和亲密伴侣暴力侵害行为。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0065
Mary Christine Jensen, Alisa Renee Garner, Evan Jacob Basting, Alyssa Marie Medenblik, Jacqueline Sullivan, Stella Son, Gregory Lyal Stuart
{"title":"College Students' Coercive Sexting and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Shorter- and Longer-Term Relationships.","authors":"Mary Christine Jensen, Alisa Renee Garner, Evan Jacob Basting, Alyssa Marie Medenblik, Jacqueline Sullivan, Stella Son, Gregory Lyal Stuart","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2024-0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the moderating role of relationship length on the association between coercive sexting and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Research has supported a positive association between coercive sexting and IPV perpetration (Drouin et al., 2015), though no prior research has examined how relationship length moderates this association. To test this relationship, we administered a multipart questionnaire online to 798 undergraduate participants (79% White, 77% female, <i>M<sub>Age</sub></i> = 19.1 years) currently in a relationship. We assessed physical, psychological, and sexual IPV perpetration. Relationship length moderated the link between coercive sexting and sexual IPV perpetration. More specifically, the association was stronger in longer-term compared to shorter-term relationships. These results carry implications for future research and IPV education and intervention programs, suggesting that they should incorporate coercive sexting into their curriculums and target newer couples.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Initial Witnessing on Future Witnessing: A Mediation Analysis of Chronic Community Violence, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Delinquency in Urban, African American Youth. 最初见证对未来见证的影响：对长期社区暴力、创伤后压力和城市非裔美国青少年犯罪的调解分析。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2022-0067
Kaleigh Wilkins, Maryse Richards
{"title":"Initial Witnessing on Future Witnessing: A Mediation Analysis of Chronic Community Violence, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Delinquency in Urban, African American Youth.","authors":"Kaleigh Wilkins, Maryse Richards","doi":"10.1891/VV-2022-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2022-0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Witnessing community violence can predict negative mental health outcomes for youth such as post-traumatic stress symptoms and delinquent behavior. Such outcomes differ by gender. Variables that predict witnessing community violence in youth are less understood. This study aims to explore potential pathways between initial witnessing and continued witnessing for early adolescents. The relationship between witnessing as a predictor and witnessing as an outcome is hypothesized to be mediated by both post-traumatic stress and delinquency and moderated by gender. A sample of 153 African American, sixth-grade students (<i>M</i>= 11.65, 59% female) in high crime, high poverty areas completed self-report surveys at baseline, 12 and 24 months. Moderated serial mediation was used to assess longitudinal associations. For the full model, delinquency at Time 3 was associated with a positive change in witnessing at Time 3. Gender moderated several paths. For girls, witnessing at Time 1 was predictive of high post-traumatic stress (aggregate) at Time 2 and high delinquency at Time 3. For girls, witnessing at Time 1 also was predictive of higher <i>hyperarousa</i>l and higher <i>intrusion</i> subscale symptoms than other symptoms at Time 2. Analyses also indicated that <i>hyperarousal</i> at Time 2 significantly predicted witnessing at Time 3 for girls only. Lastly, delinquency at Time 3 was associated with a positive change in witnessing at Time 3. For boys, no analyses indicated witnessing at Time 1 as a significant predictor. Results contribute to our understanding of the trajectory of witnessing community violence and the roles both post-traumatic stress subscales and delinquency play in that trajectory, especially among girls.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk Factors and Moderators of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Versus Perpetration Among Women in Spain. 西班牙妇女遭受亲密伴侣暴力侵害的风险因素和调节因素。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1891/VV-2024-0069
Christina M Rodriguez, Doris F Pu, Raquel Conchell, Samantha Gonzalez, Edoardo Modanesi
{"title":"Risk Factors and Moderators of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization Versus Perpetration Among Women in Spain.","authors":"Christina M Rodriguez, Doris F Pu, Raquel Conchell, Samantha Gonzalez, Edoardo Modanesi","doi":"10.1891/VV-2024-0069","DOIUrl":"10.1891/VV-2024-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bidirectional intimate partner violence (IPV) appears highly prevalent, but the extant literature, which has been dominated by work in North America, has not adequately accounted for how victimization overlaps with perpetration and how potential resources may interact with risk factors. A community sample of Spanish women completed measures of IPV approval, mental health risk factors (psychological distress and problematic substance use), and interpersonal resources (partner and social satisfaction). Using Mplus accounting for victimization and perpetration overlap, findings indicate that greater psychological distress and substance use were associated with IPV perpetration, and lower IPV approval was linked to victimization. Stronger partner satisfaction did not serve a buffering role but rather interacted to increase IPV perpetration; low social support was associated with victimization and exacerbated risk of perpetration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142337110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Other Side of the Badge: Police as Victims of Violence. 警徽的另一面：作为暴力受害者的警察。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Violence and Victims Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2024-0035
Kelly Hine,Katelyn Davenport-Klunder
{"title":"The Other Side of the Badge: Police as Victims of Violence.","authors":"Kelly Hine,Katelyn Davenport-Klunder","doi":"10.1891/vv-2024-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/vv-2024-0035","url":null,"abstract":"When considering police within violence and victims research, the emphasis typically falls on the police as responders to victims; however, little research has explored the perspective of police officers as victims of violence themselves. Through a systematic literature review of contemporary assaults toward police, 11 empirical articles were identified and analyzed with 4 main themes emerging: the retaliatory nature of police-citizen dynamics, specific predictors of police assaults, environmental features of assaults, and the impact of assaults. These findings provide evidence-based insights, identify research gaps, and help guide future research agendas, ultimately providing a foundational resource for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and researchers in developing targeted interventions and policies to enhance officers' safety, foster positive police-community relations, and promote a safer and more resilient society.","PeriodicalId":48139,"journal":{"name":"Violence and Victims","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142251505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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