Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Cannabis information-seeking and engagement within the medication use process: The roles of health literacy, stigma, and system-level factors.","authors":"Kelsey Westall, Daniel Bear, Sandra Gerges, Jennifer Donnan, Ashley Hosker-Field, Marilyn Cresswell, Lisa Bishop","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.10.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.10.151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As cannabis legalization evolves, pharmacists have been identified as potential providers of cannabis-related consultations and distribution. Understanding how consumers navigate cannabis information and engage with healthcare providers is critical to informing pharmacists' roles within the medication use process.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine how cannabis consumers seek and interpret information and to identify factors influencing their engagement with pharmacists for cannabis-related guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Canadian adults (≥18 years) who currently or were considering cannabis use participated in semi-structured virtual focus groups. Participants were recruited through email lists and social or professional networks. Seven focus groups were conducted, recorded, transcribed, anonymized, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one participants contributed to the focus group discussions. Three interconnected themes characterized engagement with the cannabis medication use process. Health literacy shaped how participants accessed, evaluated, and interpreted information, and assessed credibility. Stigma influenced information-seeking, disclosure, and engagement with healthcare professionals. Engagement with pharmacists was shaped by individual and system-level factors, including perceptions of expertise, role clarity, accessibility, and the absence of pharmacy involvement in cannabis distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consumers' engagement with cannabis-related information and care is shaped by interacting processes of health literacy and stigma, influencing how and from whom information is sought. Engagement with pharmacists is further shaped by perceptions of pharmacist roles and broader system-level factors. Addressing stigma, strengthening pharmacist education, clarifying roles, and integrating pharmacy into cannabis service models may improve access to credible information, and support pharmacists' roles within the cannabis medication use process.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists and Ramadan: From education to practice - A mixed methods systematic review.","authors":"Mohamed Ezzat Khamis Amin, Betty Chewning, Mohammad Shoukry Newegy, Amany El-Bassiouny","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.10.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.10.150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the global Muslim population continues to grow, many patients choose to fast during Ramadan despite religious exemptions, often modifying their medication regimens without professional supervision, thereby increasing the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Although pharmacists are well-positioned to support informed and safe fasting practices, no comprehensive review has synthesized the evidence on their knowledge, training, attitudes, education, and clinical interventions in the context of Ramadan. This review addresses this gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This mixed-methods systematic review drew on searches of bibliographic tools (Web of Science, PubMed) to identify empirical studies published through April 2026 that examined pharmacists' or pharmacy students' knowledge, behaviors, or interventions related to Ramadan fasting. Eligible studies were independently screened, extracted, and appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, with data synthesized and integrated according to study design, targeted health conditions, country, sample characteristics, intervention types, outcome measures, and key findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three studies (26 manuscripts) met eligibility criteria, comprising eight surveys, six qualitative studies, one mixed-methods descriptive study, five patient-focused interventions, and three pharmacy student-focused competency educational modules. Of the 23 studies, 16 (70%) originated from Muslim-majority countries, and of the 26 manuscripts, 18 (69%) focused solely on diabetes, with the remaining eight being non-disease specific. Interventions consistently reported positive patient outcomes, yet surveys revealed inconsistent pharmacist knowledge regarding guidelines on patient care during Ramadan. Qualitative analysis highlighted significant barriers to effective care, primarily knowledge gaps and organizational constraints. Specifically, a lack of specialized training-compounded by high workloads and time limitations-frequently shifted clinical practice from proactive to reactive counseling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While pharmacist-led interventions are highly effective in improving diabetes outcomes during Ramadan, their real-world application is hindered by significant systemic and educational gaps. To improve the quality of culturally sensitive care, it is essential to empower pharmacists to provide proactive, evidence-based support.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How are community pharmacist-led health screening services evaluated? A scoping review using the RE-AIM framework.","authors":"Brandy Davis, Jenna Honan, Ibrahim Alfayoumi, Adelia Grabowsky, Brent Fox, Natalie S Hohmann, Lindsey Hohmann","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.10.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.10.148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community pharmacists increasingly deliver health screening services that expand access to preventive care and early disease detection. However, evaluation practices vary substantially, limiting comparison across studies and the development of implementation-ready evidence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe how community pharmacy-based screening services have been evaluated and to propose priorities for more complete, sustainable, and transparent evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medline, APA PsycINFO, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched for English-language reports published from January 1, 2004, through October 13, 2024. Eligible reports described a pharmacist-led screening service in a community pharmacy and included an evaluation component. Two reviewers conducted study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized descriptively using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework; a domain was coded when at least one explicitly reported indicator corresponded to that domain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 749 unique records, 57 reports representing 50 unique studies were included. Cohort designs were most common (76%), and 90% of studies were conducted in Europe, North America, or Australia. At least one effectiveness-related RE-AIM indicator was reported by 96% of studies, compared with implementation (90%), reach (86%), adoption (74%), and maintenance (60%). Eleven studies (22%) used a theory, framework, model, evaluation standard, or reporting guideline. Recruitment strategies were described by 98% of studies, but only 6% evaluated recruitment yield or representativeness. Staff training was reported by 82%, whereas 14% assessed a training outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evaluations of community pharmacy-based screening services commonly reported short-term effectiveness-related outcomes, but comprehensive assessment of adoption, implementation fidelity, organizational maintenance, recruitment performance, and training outcomes was uncommon. The heterogeneity of interventions and study designs, coupled with the lack of a formal effectiveness synthesis, limits the ability to draw conclusions about comparative or long-term effectiveness. Future evaluations should use clearly operationalized implementation indicators, report the full screening and referral pathway, distinguish individual-from organizational-level maintenance, and assess equity, harms, implementation costs, and long-term service continuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large language models in pharmacist-led direct patient care: A rapid review of published evaluations.","authors":"Reginald Amin Yakob, Adeola Bamgboje-Ayodele, Jack C Collins, Parisa Aslani","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Large language models (LLMs) represent an advancement in artificial intelligence technology with the potential to support patient care tasks. However, reviews of their evaluations have often excluded pharmacy-specific applications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize published evaluations of LLMs for pharmacist-led direct patient care tasks, synthesize reported LLM performance, and identify opportunities and challenges for workflow integration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches were conducted in Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between January 2014 and April 2026 using the concepts \"pharmacists,\" \"pharmacy,\" and \"LLMs.\" Original peer-reviewed studies evaluating LLMs for tasks aligned with pharmacist-led direct patient care were eligible. Covidence was used for screening studies; data were extracted and narratively synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 4925 identified records, 71 studies were included in the synthesis. Pharmacist-led direct patient care tasks were identified for which LLMs were evaluated; accuracy was the most assessed metric across studies (n = 53), and ChatGPT variants were the most widely evaluated LLMs (n = 63). Evaluation and reporting approaches varied across studies, limiting cross-study comparisons; however, studies generally reported higher performance for advanced LLM versions than for earlier ones. Challenges to workflow integration include confabulation, costs, and privacy risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evaluations of LLMs largely focused on ChatGPT models and accuracy-based outcomes; however, heterogeneity in evaluation and reporting limited cross-study comparisons. Advanced LLMs generally outperformed earlier versions, suggesting increasing potential to support pharmacist-led direct patient care tasks. Future evaluations should adopt standardized approaches and include human factors outcomes relevant to workflow integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health equity in pharmacy services: A scoping review.","authors":"Felicia Xue En Ng, Yi Yan Chng, Aiwen Wang, Brandon Wen Bing Chua","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacy services are well positioned to address health inequities by reducing barriers to care for underserved populations. Previous reviews have examined the role and attitudes of pharmacists towards health equity and equity-oriented initiatives among specific populations, without examining how equity is considered in service design.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine how health equity is considered in the design of pharmacy services and the reported effects of these equity-oriented services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and grey literature. Primary studies published in English, involving pharmacy personnel delivering services explicitly addressing health equity were included. PROGRESS-PLUS defined equity domains and the Socioecological Model classified services' level of influence. Outcomes were categorized using the Economic, Clinical, and Humanistic Outcomes model.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Sixty-eight studies were included from 1879 records, predominantly from high-income countries (97%). Socioeconomic status (56%), race/ethnicity/culture/language (54%) and place of residence (50%) were the most common equity domains studied. Most interventions were implemented at individual (81%) or institutional (82%) levels. Expanding service reach and access was the most common approach to addressing health inequities (66%). Few studies (4%) used equity frameworks in design and evaluation. Clinical outcomes were the most frequently evaluated (53%), with the majority reporting favorable effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Existing evidence reports impact of equity-oriented pharmacy services on a variety of clinical, humanistic, economic and process evaluation outcomes for underserved populations. Evidence from low- and middle-income settings is needed. Future research should explore the impact of social capital on outcomes and employ equity frameworks in service design and evaluation to strengthen comparability and transferability of evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsible implementation of artificial intelligence across the medication-use process: an evidence-informed framework for medication safety.","authors":"Yahia Gobran","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used across medication-use workflows, but discrimination alone does not establish safe or useful implementation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To propose an evidence-informed framework for responsible implementation of AI across the medication-use process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A targeted critical evidence scan through 28 July 2026, updated on 17 September 2026, charted 17 clinical studies. Domains were derived through inductive coding, comparison with clinical-AI and pharmacy guidance, and structured study-level appraisal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Medication-Use AI Safety and Implementation Framework contains seven linked domains: clinically meaningful target and label; transportable validation; calibration and threshold justification; clinically actionable information and explanation; workflow integration and human oversight; prospective clinical evaluation; and lifecycle governance and resilience. Human factors and equity are cross-cutting. Medication-specific criteria emphasize severity-weighted false negatives, alert burden, pharmacy capacity, formulary and workflow dependence, safety nets for low-risk suppression, and contingency planning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The framework is a proposed implementation structure, not a validated minimum standard or readiness score. It is intended to help medication-use professionals judge whether AI systems have sufficient clinical, operational, and governance evidence to progress responsibly toward prospective use. Stakeholder consensus, reliability testing, and prospective validation are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of artificial intelligence into pharmacovigilance: A systematic review.","authors":"Iman El Sayed, Ramez Naguib Bedwany, Mai Salama, Ahmed Said Hassan Eltrass","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent advances in machine learning (ML) have sparked the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmacovigilance (PV). Several studies suggest these technologies could address key PV challenges, including underreporting, manual case processing, and delayed signal detection.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review aimed to map AI/ML applications across post-marketing PV functions, characterize methodological and geographic trends, and identify evidence gaps in external validation and implementation readiness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA 2020 and a Population, Concept, Context (PCC) framework, eight bibliographic databases were searched from January 2021 through October 2024, supplemented by grey literature and reference-list screening. Sixty-seven studies were included. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted, and appraised studies, with a third reviewer verifying extraction. Methodological quality was assessed using APPRAISE-AI, and certainty of evidence was considered using GRADE principles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Safety-signal detection was the most common application (50.5%), followed by adverse effect prediction (21%), case-processing efficiency (15%), drug-drug interaction detection (7.5%), and high-risk patient identification (6%). XGBoost and ensemble methods dominated structured-data applications, while BERT-family transformers prevailed for unstructured text. However, external validation was the weakest APPRAISE-AI domain (mean score 52%), and prospective implementation studies were rare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Artificial intelligence demonstrates substantial potential to transform pharmacovigilance from reactive to proactive systems. However, current evidence is largely retrospective, with limited external validation and real-world implementation. Although BERT and XGBoost demonstrate promising performance in signal detection, heterogeneous methodologies limit conclusions regarding generalizability and clinical impact. Responsible integration into safety-monitoring workflows requires rigorous independent validation, prospective human-in-the-loop evaluation, standardized performance metrics, and geographically representative datasets. Addressing data privacy, algorithmic fairness, human oversight, and regulatory requirements will also be crucial. Future research should therefore focus on robust validation and real-world implementation to ensure that AI translates into reliable, clinically meaningful improvements in patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking drug-related problem instruments: A systematic review of measurement properties.","authors":"Lucas Tenorio Carmo do Nascimento Bezerra, Francielly Lima da Fonseca, Cecília Gomes Figueiredo, Emanuellen Silva de Barros, Cinara Rejane Viana Oliveira, Genival Araujo Dos Santos Júnior, Alfredo Dias de Oliveira Filho, Sabrina Joany Felizardo Neves","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-Related Problems can interfere with the desired clinical outcomes, posing a global public health challenge. Despite this, several instruments to identify DRPs lack adequate evaluation of their measurement properties. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the measurement properties of these instruments. A systematic review was conducted following the COSMIN guidelines for conducting systematic reviews of measurement properties. Articles were included if they assessed at least one measurement property of an instrument, defined the construct, and were not secondary studies. Selection involved title and abstract screening, full-text reading, followed by data extraction and study appraisal by three independent authors. Evidence quality was evaluated using the GRADE approach to support instrument recommendations. Overall, 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-three instruments were identified. Content validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing for construct validity were the measurement properties most evaluated. PIM-Check, EDUP, and REMEDI[e]S demonstrated sufficient content validity with high-quality evidence. Regarding reliability, instruments based on explicit criteria showed greater consistency than those based on implicit criteria. Furthermore, PAIR 1, PAIR-Brazil, and PART demonstrated sufficient construct validity. Instruments for DRPs identification showed heterogeneous measurement properties. Few instruments, including PIM-Check, EDUP, and REMEDI[e]S, showed sufficient content validity with high-quality evidence. While explicit-criteria instruments were generally more reliable, the overall variability in measurement properties and methodology remains high. These findings can support clinicians and researchers in selecting appropriate DRPs identification tools; however, they underscore the critical need for standardizing constructs and validation methods to enhance the quality and comparability of future instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving prescribing responsibility: A constructivist grounded theory of pharmacist prescribing following independent prescribing authorization.","authors":"Theresa J Schindel","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacist independent prescribing has expanded internationally, yet authorization does not reliably translate into active prescribing practice. Although research has identified conditions shaping prescribing uptake, how actively prescribing pharmacists enact and develop prescribing responsibility following independent prescribing authorization has not been theorized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to generate a grounded theory explaining how actively prescribing pharmacists enacted prescribing following independent prescribing authorization during the early implementation of pharmacist prescribing in Alberta, Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory approach was used. Twenty pharmacists holding Additional Prescribing Authorization (APA), which permits independent prescribing without a fixed drug list, participated in semi-structured interviews in 2014, representing community pharmacy, hospital, primary care, and specialty clinic settings. Purposive and theoretical sampling guided recruitment. Data collection and analysis proceeded concurrently using constant comparative methods, initial and focused coding, and analytic memo writing until theoretical sufficiency was achieved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The grounded theory of evolving prescribing responsibility comprised three interrelated categories: recognizing prescribing responsibility, limiting and expanding prescribing responsibility, and balancing collaboration and independence in prescribing practice. Participants described prescribing responsibility as developing through prescribing enactment, documentation, negotiation of prescribing boundaries, and collaborative relationships. Collaboration and independence functioned as mutually reinforcing rather than opposing processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The theory conceptualizes prescribing responsibility as developing through practice rather than being fully realized at authorization. It provides an empirically grounded, process-level explanation of how pharmacists enact prescribing following authorization, with potential relevance for jurisdictions implementing or expanding independent pharmacist prescribing.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of, and interventions to support, pharmacy professionals' research engagement: a systematic review using the Theoretical Domains Framework.","authors":"Charlotte Jones, Matthew Kenyon, Bryony Dean Franklin, Carmel Hughes, David Alldred, Kinda Ibrahim, Kristina Medlinskiene, Martin Williams, Melanie Boughen, Richard S Bourne, Rosemary Lim, Shereen Nabhani-Gebara, Simon White, Sion Scott, Yogini Jani, Debi Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacy professionals are increasingly expected to engage in research to advance evidence-based practice and improve patient care. Despite this, research engagement remains limited. Developing evidence and theory-based strategies to address the deficit requires understanding the determinants (barriers or enablers) to research engagement and reviewing previous attempts to address the problem.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify determinants of pharmacy professionals' engagement in research and intervention components used to increase research engagement, using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) as an a priori framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (2010-2025) to identify studies reporting determinants or interventions supporting pharmacy professional research engagement. Determinants were mapped to TDF domains and intervention components mapped to the Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) taxonomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 23 studies, determinants were organised into three themes. (1) Perception, Value, and Understanding of Research comprised of determinants associated with knowledge, perceived relevance to practice, and confidence; (2) Research Environment and Resources, concerning time, skills, and research infrastructure; and (3) Social and Professional Culture related to peer support, perceived professional expectation, and organisational research culture. Forty intervention components extracted from 11 studies were mapped to BCTs, frequently targeting knowledge, skills, and environment. No interventions addressed professional expectation or emotional barriers to research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Research engagement among pharmacy professionals is influenced by determinants across multiple domains of behaviour, indicating research engagement is a complex behaviour. Interventions will likely require multiple BCT components to achieve effective behaviour change. Determinants suggest system-level changes may be required to facilitate design and implementation of interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48126,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}