Science Technology & Human Values最新文献

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Intersectionality and Science and Technology Studies 交叉性与科学技术研究
2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231201707
Patrick R. Grzanka, Jenny Dyck Brian, Rajani Bhatia
{"title":"Intersectionality and Science and Technology Studies","authors":"Patrick R. Grzanka, Jenny Dyck Brian, Rajani Bhatia","doi":"10.1177/01622439231201707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231201707","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past thirty years, intersectionality has become a nearly ubiquitous framework for understanding, critiquing, and intervening in complex social inequalities. Emerging from critical race and feminist studies, intersectionality has many shared analytic priorities with science and technology studies (STS), including an emphasis on co-emergent social forces, historical contingency, and interventions that challenge and enhance knowledge production. Despite these shared affinities, STS and intersectionality remain largely nonoverlapping scholarly discourses. Based on a systematic review of intersectionality in eight STS journals, we observe a slight increase in intersectionality’s usage over time but find that its relevance is contained largely to venues outside of the STS mainstream. Our study identifies some ways STS scholars have modeled intersectionality’s responsible use through citation practices, methodological integration, and normative claims about justice/injustice. We also consider what epistemic exclusion of intersectionality might foreclose. We argue that increased use of intersectionality would amplify engagement with justice in STS work, not only by introducing new questions and theoretical frames but also opening possibilities for new interdisciplinary formations. This is not simply an argument for greater inclusion of a term, but rather for transformation in epistemic accountability toward feminist studies and other social justice–oriented fields.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136142496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Birth of Green Chemistry: A Political History 绿色化学的诞生:一部政治史
2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231203063
Laura Maxim
{"title":"The Birth of Green Chemistry: A Political History","authors":"Laura Maxim","doi":"10.1177/01622439231203063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231203063","url":null,"abstract":"Few authors have investigated the origins of green chemistry (GC). Most literature relies on a narrative of its birth at the US Environmental Protection Agency in the 1990s through the original work by Paul Anastas and John Warner and the successful networking and institutionalizing activities that followed. However, this perspective has two drawbacks: it fails to consider the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) political background (without which individual action would not have been possible), and it highlights a contradiction between the revolutionary theoretical message of the founders of GC and their strategy of promotion, which is uncritical of “brown” chemistry and excludes participation by civil society and the public. I argue that GC is not only the success of enthusiastic individuals who took advantage of existing political resources to promote a new vision of greening research and innovation but is also an expression of major political changes and a tool for managing chemical risks at the EPA in the 1990s. Using the concept of “design,” I argue that GC is a tool illustrating the EPA’s comanagement approach with the regulated industry. The paper sheds light on how authorities react to the difficulties of regulating chemical risks.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136014411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward an Upgrade of Gaia-politics: A View from the East Asian Critical Zone 东亚关键地带视角下的盖亚政治升级
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231191602
Paul Jobin, Tzung-Wen Chen
{"title":"Toward an Upgrade of Gaia-politics: A View from the East Asian Critical Zone","authors":"Paul Jobin, Tzung-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1177/01622439231191602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231191602","url":null,"abstract":"Although Bruno Latour had limited interaction with East Asia, translations of his work contributed to the development of Science and Technology Studies (STS) in that part of the world. More recently, Latour’s curation of the Taipei Biennial with STS participation offered a stimulating path for what he framed as Gaia-politics: a reset of modern geopolitics and territories centered on the climate emergency and ecological/terrestrial attachments. The exhibition’s locus in Taiwan was an important element in this, through its position as a hot spot of the Critical Zone—that thin layer of the Earth most sensitive to climate change. Latour’s approach to political ecology has, however, been criticized for a lack of attention to the role of capitalism in what led to the current climate upheaval. While we partly agree with this criticism, we are more concerned that the current version of Gaia-politics neglects the importance of nation-states and traditional sovereignties in handling the climate emergency. We argue that an upgrade of Gaia-politics is required to also address the resurgence of aggressive authoritarian regimes as well as the double threat of climate “wars” and traditional warfare.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"23 1","pages":"1018 - 1041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84744157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Latour and After, or What Comes After Latour? 拉图尔之后,还是拉图尔之后?
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231190895
Courtney Addison, T. Neale, K. Lancaster, M. Kearnes
{"title":"Latour and After, or What Comes After Latour?","authors":"Courtney Addison, T. Neale, K. Lancaster, M. Kearnes","doi":"10.1177/01622439231190895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231190895","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of Science, Technology, & Human Values, published a year after the death of Bruno Latour, offers a collection of four articles reflecting on the unfolding legacy of a foundational thinker in our field. The past year has seen a wave of commemorative work on Latour, including not only obituaries but also wide-ranging personal recollections from those who knew, learned from, and thought with Latour, including scholarly reflections which seek to “play the stranger” and “reflect on what it felt like to read [Latour] for the first time” (Nelson et al. 2023, 174). These manifold and varied accounts highlight the feelings of epistemological and conceptual vertigo often experienced in encounters with Latour’s writing, and the","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"411 1","pages":"969 - 972"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88695824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Furthering Ontological Pluralism, Maybe: The Strange Case of the Microbial Recordings 推进本体论多元化,也许:微生物记录的奇怪案例
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231190897
T. Moreira
{"title":"Furthering Ontological Pluralism, Maybe: The Strange Case of the Microbial Recordings","authors":"T. Moreira","doi":"10.1177/01622439231190897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231190897","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the trials and tribulations of drawing on Latour’s work on ontological pluralism (An Inquiry into the Mode of Existence) to make sense of a series of recordings collected by participants in a sensorial urban walk focused on bacterial “field marks” that I developed with artist-researcher Louise Mackenzie. I explore the possibility that our inability fully account for the recordings should not be seen as failure but instead could be related to the generative power of compound intersections between modes of ordering. I propose that specific arrangements of mode of existences deploy the confusion that we experienced in listening to the microbial walk recordings. Drawing on Serres’s sensorial philosophy of knowledge, I suggest that caring for “neglected things” might entail attending also to incomplete, confused ways of being.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"21 1","pages":"1042 - 1053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81954866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Inquiry into the Modes of Existence of Latour 论拉图尔的存在方式
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231190889
C. Kelty
{"title":"An Inquiry into the Modes of Existence of Latour","authors":"C. Kelty","doi":"10.1177/01622439231190889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231190889","url":null,"abstract":"I offer a story of a memorable encounter with Bruno Latour when he visited Houston, TX, in 2007. I take this opportunity to reflect on the central role that relativism played in his thinking and writing, and how it related to my own experience in science studies. The reflection also raises the question of how relativism might still be a problem that haunts Latour’s more recent work on composing common worlds in the wake of climate change.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"6 1","pages":"999 - 1017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76805237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How to Turn Politics Around: Things, the Earth, Ecology 如何扭转政治:事物,地球,生态
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/01622439231190884
N. Marres
{"title":"How to Turn Politics Around: Things, the Earth, Ecology","authors":"N. Marres","doi":"10.1177/01622439231190884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439231190884","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I give a personal view of Bruno Latour’s work on the politics of ecology going back to his work during the early 2000s on the politics of things. Based on my exchanges with Latour over the years, from the time that I became his student in the late 1990s, I show how he developed his understanding of the politics of ecology through a critical engagement with early twentieth-century theories of a “politics of things,” notably the one developed by the pragmatist philosopher John Dewey. I propose that Latour, who was greatly inspired by Dewey’s book The Public and Its Problems, through his more recent work on climate change demonstrated that the ecological crisis poses a profound challenge to the pragmatist vision of material politics. This challenge led Latour to undertake a radical reconstruction of the very idea of ecological politics and envision what he calls a politics of the earth. In a second section of this essay, I articulate a related but different possibility for the reconstruction of ecological politics, one that I believe Latour saw clearly, but did not pursue. If we are to succeed in turning politics around ecology, we will need to engage much more deeply with feminist understandings of politics, which affirm materiality, embodiment, and connectedness as unavoidable political realities. This in turn enables us to appreciate the wider relevance for understanding the ecological crisis of the feminist critique of the bifurcation of politics, which Carole Pateman identifies as the underlying schema of modern democracy. I argue that it remains one of the main blocks on our ability to reenvision politics in ecological terms today. Part reflection, part criticism, and part homage, this article then argues that we should look for orientation in feminist politics of ecology, if we want to take further the work of Latour and many others for a politics of the earth.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"83 1","pages":"973 - 998"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87103640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Cold Futures of Mouse Genetics: Modes of Strain Cryopreservation Since the 1970s. 小鼠遗传学的冷酷未来:20 世纪 70 年代以来的菌株冷冻保存模式。
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/01622439221138341
Dmitriy Myelnikov, Sara Peres
{"title":"The Cold Futures of Mouse Genetics: Modes of Strain Cryopreservation Since the 1970s.","authors":"Dmitriy Myelnikov, Sara Peres","doi":"10.1177/01622439221138341","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01622439221138341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation, or the freezing of embryos or sperm, has become a routine part of many research projects involving laboratory mice. In this article, we combine historical and sociological methods to produce a cryopolitical analysis of this less explored aspect of animal research. We provide a longitudinal account of mouse embryo and semen storage and uses in the UK and show that cryopreservation enabled researchers to overcome particular challenges-fears of strain loss, societal disapproval, and genetic drift-in ways which enabled the continued existence of strains and contributed to the scaling up of mouse research since World War II. We use the theoretical lens of cryopolitics to explore three different, yet overlapping, cryopolitical strategies that we identify. All share the ability to ensure the continued maintenance of genetically defined strains without the need for continually breeding colonies of mice. We argue that, in contrast to more common imaginaries of species conservation, the cryopolitical rationale can best be understood as purposefully not letting the strain die <i>without</i> requiring animals to live. The ability to freeze mice, then, had the potential to unsettle who the objects of care are in mouse research, from individual animals to the concept of the strain itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"48 4","pages":"727-751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10387715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10649801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-producing Human and Animal Experimental Subjects: Exploring the Views of UK COVID-19 Vaccine Trial Participants on Animal Testing. 人类与动物共同制造实验对象:探索英国 COVID-19 疫苗试验参与者对动物试验的看法。
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211057084
Samantha Vanderslott, Alexandra Palmer, Tonia Thomas, Beth Greenhough, Arabella Stuart, John A Henry, Marcus English, Rebecca de Water Naude, Maia Patrick-Smith, Naomi Douglas, Maria Moore, Susanne H Hodgson, Katherine R W Emary, Andrew J Pollard
{"title":"Co-producing Human and Animal Experimental Subjects: Exploring the Views of UK COVID-19 Vaccine Trial Participants on Animal Testing.","authors":"Samantha Vanderslott, Alexandra Palmer, Tonia Thomas, Beth Greenhough, Arabella Stuart, John A Henry, Marcus English, Rebecca de Water Naude, Maia Patrick-Smith, Naomi Douglas, Maria Moore, Susanne H Hodgson, Katherine R W Emary, Andrew J Pollard","doi":"10.1177/01622439211057084","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01622439211057084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preclinical (animal) testing and human testing of drugs and vaccines are rarely considered by social scientists side by side. Where this is done, it is typically for theoretically exploring the ethics of the two situations to compare relative treatment. In contrast, we empirically explore how human clinical trial participants understand the role of animal test subjects in vaccine development. Furthermore, social science research has only concentrated on broad public opinion and the views of patients about animal research, whereas we explore the views of a public group particularly implicated in pharmaceutical development: <i>experimental subjects</i>. We surveyed and interviewed COVID-19 vaccine trial participants in Oxford, UK, on their views about taking part in a vaccine trial and the role of animals in trials. We found that trial participants mirrored assumptions about legitimate reasons for animal testing embedded in regulation and provided insight into (i) the nuances of public opinion on animal research; (ii) the co-production of human and animal experimental subjects; (iii) how vaccine and medicine testing, and the motivations and demographics of clinical trial participants, change in an outbreak; and (iv) what public involvement can offer to science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"48 4","pages":"909-937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10387720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10649799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
One Pipeline and Two Impact Assessments: Coproduction, Legal Pluralism, and the Trans Mountain Expansion Project. 一条管道和两个影响评估:合拍片、法律多元化和跨山扩建项目。
IF 3.1 2区 社会学
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211057309
Ian G Stewart, Moira E Harding
{"title":"One Pipeline and Two Impact Assessments: Coproduction, Legal Pluralism, and the Trans Mountain Expansion Project.","authors":"Ian G Stewart,&nbsp;Moira E Harding","doi":"10.1177/01622439211057309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439211057309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canada's Trans Mountain Expansion Pipeline project is one of the country's most controversial in recent history. At the heart of the controversy lie questions about how to conduct impact assessments (IAs) of oil spills in marine and coastal ecosystems. This paper offers an analysis of two such IAs: one carried out by Canada through its National Energy Board and the other by Tsleil-Waututh Nation, whose unceded ancestral territory encompasses the last twenty-eight kilometers of the project's terminus in the Burrard Inlet, British Columbia. The comparison is informed by a science and technology studies approach to coproduction, displaying the close relationship between IA law and applied scientific practice on both sides of the dispute. By attending to differing perspectives on concepts central to IA such as <i>significance</i> and <i>mitigation</i>, this case study illustrates how coproduction supports legal pluralism's attention to diverse forms of world making inherent in IA. We close by reflecting on how such attention is relevant to Canada's ongoing commitments, including those under the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.</p>","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":"48 3","pages":"525-551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/e8/10.1177_01622439211057309.PMC10248295.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10300666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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