Science Technology & Human Values最新文献

A Sustainable City Made By Resident-Experts - How Designerly Intervention Enacted Rights of the Public and Urban Infrastructure 由居民专家打造的可持续城市--设计师的介入如何确保公众和城市基础设施的权利

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241283060

Donghyun Koo

{"title":"A Sustainable City Made By Resident-Experts - How Designerly Intervention Enacted Rights of the Public and Urban Infrastructure","authors":"Donghyun Koo","doi":"10.1177/01622439241283060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241283060","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an investigation of how enacting infrastructure is intertwined with historically specific processes of constructing the public, which necessitates a focus on the co-production of public problems and the public, and the establishment of infrastructural connections. Intervening in the context where reflexive planning and design methodologies are deployed to implement urban regeneration through public engagement (what I call “designerly intervention”), this paper investigates what type of collectivity is constituted as infrastructural publics by designerly interventions and what forms of rights they can have. Drawing on ethnographic accounts of urban regeneration in Seoul, it shows how designerly interventions mobilize residents as possessing a novel form of expertise, as “resident-experts” who can design a sustainable city, problematizing the renewal of the worn-out infrastructure as how to stimulate the resilience of a city. This results in an infrastructural connection that focuses on immediate results and the ordinary scale of urban regeneration, which enacts the rights of the public as city-users’ rights, namely not as rights protected by law but as a practical capacity that infrastructural devices in everyday life provide. This paper explores how designerly interventions invoke an experimental approach that opens up the normative questions of public engagement with planning.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What's in the Blood? Temporalities at Play in Diet-Related Risk Management Testing Practices 血液中含有什么？与饮食有关的风险管理测试实践中的时间性问题

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241283058

Myriam Durocher

{"title":"What's in the Blood? Temporalities at Play in Diet-Related Risk Management Testing Practices","authors":"Myriam Durocher","doi":"10.1177/01622439241283058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241283058","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I look at two different sets of practices that are part of the risk management apparatus in place in Québec & Canada to apprehend and control risks associated with food consumption. More specifically, I contrast diabetes and chemical contaminants risk management testing practices, so as to compare how both frame and approach risks, in a context where recent research in social sciences, epigenetics and environmental sciences increasingly points to “environmental” pathways of disease causation while many chronic conditions remain highly individualized in public and health discourses. The analysis pays close attention to the different temporalities discursively created, considered, and neglected in these practices in order to understand how risk is approached and worked on. This highlights the power relations that inform how we care (or not) for (certain) bodies, inflecting in particular ways their—uneven—becomings. I argue that the Canadian biotechnological apparatus of testing practices meant to apprehend and control diet-related risks contributes to foreclosing the temporalities of health and illness considered and acted upon. As such, the apparatus contributes to (re)producing inequalities, here mostly health related ones, as well as creating differentiated biological materialities.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Underground Roots for Ancestral Futures: Exploring Lithium Through an Experimental Alliance between Chemistry and Anthropology 地下之根，祖先的未来：通过化学与人类学之间的实验联盟探索锂

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241278377

Cristobal Bonelli, Martina Gamba

{"title":"Underground Roots for Ancestral Futures: Exploring Lithium Through an Experimental Alliance between Chemistry and Anthropology","authors":"Cristobal Bonelli, Martina Gamba","doi":"10.1177/01622439241278377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241278377","url":null,"abstract":"Amid the push for decarbonization and the rise of lithium-ion batteries, global demand for lithium urges an examination of its materiality. Drawing on Barry's chemical geography, which gathers various concerns related to the study of chemicals in the field, and Bachelard's meta-chemical proposal, which challenges a substantialist understanding of chemicals, we propose an experimental alliance between a chemist and an anthropologist concerned with different ways of problematizing lithium's materiality. Guided by a commitment to Latin American territories and embracing a slow science ethos, we seek to foster a sense of responsibility rooted in the material genealogy of chemical substances. Through ethnographic analysis of lithium extraction practices in the Salar de Atacama, Chile, and examination of lithium behaviors in materials chemistry laboratories in Argentina and Europe, we establish a partial connection between lithium chemical labs and underground ancestral lithium brines. Ultimately, we envision futures that acknowledge the ancestral origins of Latin American undergrounds, resisting the univocity of a future-oriented, battery-ion age. In so doing, we endeavor to cultivate a mode of attention concerned with place and deep-time materiality, challenging lineal illusions of progress while embracing the complexities of our planetary present and past.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reflections on an Inclusive Boundary Worker 对包容性边界工作者的思考

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241282477

Nelly Oudshoorn

引用次数: 0

Out of Sync: The Making and Remaking of Data and Regulations on Greenhouse Gases at the International Maritime Organization 脱节：国际海事组织温室气体数据和法规的制定与重塑

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241279622

Kjersti Aalbu

{"title":"Out of Sync: The Making and Remaking of Data and Regulations on Greenhouse Gases at the International Maritime Organization","authors":"Kjersti Aalbu","doi":"10.1177/01622439241279622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241279622","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the entanglements of the making of data and climate regulations at a specialized UN agency, the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Based on observant participation, document analysis, and interviews, I examine the politics of making and remaking a new data infrastructure—the Data Collection System (DCS)—and how the limitations and hopes invested in this infrastructure shape the global governance of greenhouse gas emissions in international shipping. I analyze how the DCS shapes the design and pacing of new regulations based on what data are available and when they are available, and how at the same time the politics and regulatory process of the IMO shapes the making and remaking of the DCS and how the data can be used. I unpack the politics that unfold when the production of data and regulations are coupled but are out of sync and shed light on the present and future roles of data in international negotiations. As the DCS and regulatory development at the IMO become entangled, I argue this creates a form of governance-through-data which slows down the regulatory process but nonetheless supports consensus-building among parties at a time marked by deep political tensions.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Shadow Bodies of Mice: Invisible Work in Translational Medicine 小鼠的影子身体：转化医学中的隐形工作

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241276276

Carrie Friese

{"title":"The Shadow Bodies of Mice: Invisible Work in Translational Medicine","authors":"Carrie Friese","doi":"10.1177/01622439241276276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241276276","url":null,"abstract":"The clinician-scientist is often viewed as the crucial nexus in the translational processes that turn scientific research into medical technologies, including but not limited to pharmaceuticals. To create a point of contrast, and to consider the theme of invisible labor, this paper foregrounds an alternative actant who has also been deemed a vital nexus in translational medicine within Science and Technology Studies: the laboratory animal as model organism. Based on observational research conducted in an animal facility that was caring for laboratory mice as well as the immunological laboratory that was conducting research regarding ageing and vaccine uptake using those mice, this paper explores how mouse bodies and animal technicians’ knowledge of those mouse bodies are rendered invisible through the everyday flows of translation. I draw on Balka and Star's concept of “shadow bodies” to consider variations in how mouse bodies are understood across the translational process and probe the consequences this has for what knowledge is legitimately produced and by whom. By making the invisible work of mice and of technicians visible, I argue that the organizational filters of translational medicine may inadvertently make the work of animal technicians all the harder, in a manner that reproduces social inequalities.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Loving Technologies? Beyond Climate Finance's Logics of Scalability in Infrastructures in Fiji 热爱技术？超越气候融资在斐济基础设施中的可扩展性逻辑

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241276277

Kirsty Anantharajah

{"title":"Loving Technologies? Beyond Climate Finance's Logics of Scalability in Infrastructures in Fiji","authors":"Kirsty Anantharajah","doi":"10.1177/01622439241276277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241276277","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how climate finance approaches and logics, particularly around scale, manifest in local climate technologies in Fiji. Through multi-sited fieldwork, the paper explores experiences around three climate related infrastructures: a biomass plant in Nadroga; a diesel-solar community hybrid system in Island X; and a seawall in Levuka, Ovalua. Each represent a key aspect of Fiji's climate-related infrastructural targets. Through explorations at these sites, the paper argues that climate finance logics prioritise large scale technologies and “scalability” projects, that is, projects which seek to expand without changing their basic elements. In response, the paper aims to create scholarly space for considering alternatives around climate finance's projects. The paper embeds these considerations of climate finance alternatives within its conceptual framework of “loving technologies.” Loving technologies is a product of the interplay of Pacific theory, postcolonial and feminist technoscience with the Fijian experiences of climate finance explored in this paper. The loving technologies approach highlights the validity small-scale infrastructure as having potential to be intimate, relational, making a difference in lives, communities, and futures. Despite their small scale, they can make an impact on bigger scales, and can chart alternative pathways of progress.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Techno-Optics of Safety: Surveillance and Women's Ambivalent Experiences in South Korea's “Smart Safe City” 安全的技术光学：韩国 "智能安全城市 "中的监控与女性的矛盾体验

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241261742

Chamee Yang

{"title":"The Techno-Optics of Safety: Surveillance and Women's Ambivalent Experiences in South Korea's “Smart Safe City”","authors":"Chamee Yang","doi":"10.1177/01622439241261742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241261742","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of “scientific security” discourse has spurred the use of optical technologies and data analytics in crime prevention. It has coincided with a shift in smart city narratives, positing these developments as enhancing women's freedom and safety in urban spaces. However, these narratives often overlook the nuanced and embodied experience of safety and women's ambivalent relationship with technology, while framing its use as a binary choice between privacy or safety. While enhanced legibility of the city may help visualize and predict crimes through algorithms, this focus on visual and data-driven methods tends to ignore critical aspects of safety, especially those conditions not directly observable like domestic and gender violence. This paper critically examines the complex relationship between gender and “smart safe cities,” using Seoul, South Korea as a case study. Drawing upon literature on technology and cities, and the history of women in Korea, this paper challenges the assumptions underlying these initiatives that supposedly empower yet over-victimize women. By integrating historical perspective with analysis of new spatial safety techniques, the paper highlights the disjuncture between the prevailing techno-optical regime and the tangible experience of safety, emphasizing a need for more holistic and relational approach to safety.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Racial Spectacular: Pandemic Governance Through Dashboards and State Biosecurity 种族奇观：通过仪表盘和国家生物安全治理大流行病

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241265641

Shiloh Krupar, Nadine Ehlers

{"title":"The Racial Spectacular: Pandemic Governance Through Dashboards and State Biosecurity","authors":"Shiloh Krupar, Nadine Ehlers","doi":"10.1177/01622439241265641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241265641","url":null,"abstract":"Data visualizations related to COVID-19 operate as forms of spectacle essential to the racialized governance of the pandemic. Guy Debord theorized spectacle as separation—between subjects, populations, regions, dots on a map. We extend and revise Debord's framework of spectacle, drawing on Ruth Wilson Gilmore's definition of racism and Sylvia Wynter's critique of monohumanism to position spectacle as ways of seeing as separation: constructed ways of seeing that divide and partition. In this sense, spectacle contributes to material geographies of race and racism: what W.E.B. Du Bois referred to as the global color line and Michel Foucault called the caesura of race. We deploy this anti-racist interpretative methodology to analyze research from the 2020–21 period of the COVID-19 pandemic: first, COVID-19 dashboards that map infections, death, and other pandemic data; and, second, state biosecurity measures of lockdown in so-called areas of concern during the Delta outbreak in Sydney, Australia. Our methodology positions all real-time pandemic monitoring as part of the recursive operation of administering race as problem space, where the biopolitical twinning of life-and-death-making meet. We conclude by asking: what alternative forms of accounting of or for race are possible?","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Kids are Kids”: Benevolent Ignorance and the Omission of Race in Developmental Justice Reform "孩子就是孩子发展司法改革中的善意无知与种族问题疏漏

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1177/01622439241264028

William Wannyn

{"title":"“Kids are Kids”: Benevolent Ignorance and the Omission of Race in Developmental Justice Reform","authors":"William Wannyn","doi":"10.1177/01622439241264028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439241264028","url":null,"abstract":"The criminal culpability of juvenile offenders remains a controversial and contested issue in the legal and public arenas in the United States. Since the mid-2000s, juvenile crime has been reframed by SCOTUS as a problem of brain immaturity. This article interrogates the omission of race from this new discourse of immaturity. First, I show that an alliance of learned societies, scholars, policy experts, legal professionals, and philanthropic foundations, which I call the new child savers, strategically sowed doubt about the criminological evidence of “high-risk” offenders to ensure the success of this new discourse of immaturity. I introduce the concept of benevolent ignorance to explain how they strategically concealed this inconvenient knowledge to achieve the socially valued goal of “saving children” from harsh sentences, and to escape public controversies over the racial overtones of risk assessment tools. Second, using Mills’ s concept of white ignorance, I argue that progressive elites and scholars involved in juvenile justice reform have historically ignored the lived experiences of juveniles of color. Finally, I discuss how the discourse of brain immaturity perpetuates and reinforces a colorblind explanation of juvenile crime that ignores the role of race in young people's encounters with the justice system.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141930449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0