Science Technology & Human Values最新文献_第10页

Welcome to Whenever: Exploring Suspended Life in Cryopreservation Practices 欢迎来到“无论何时:在冷冻保存实践中探索悬浮生命”

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211057860

T. Lemke

引用次数: 8

The Racializing Womb: Surrogacy and Epigenetic Kinship 种族化的子宫:代孕和表观遗传亲属关系

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211055228

Jaya Keaney

引用次数: 4

Introduction: Shifting Attention 导论:转移注意力

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211058823

Rebecca Jablonsky, Tero Karppi, Nick Seaver

引用次数: 1

Platform NHS: Reconfiguring a Public Service in the Age of Digital Capitalism 平台NHS:在数字资本主义时代重新配置公共服务

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211055697

Rachel Faulkner-Gurstein, D. Wyatt

引用次数: 8

Seeking Public Values of Digital Energy Platforms 寻求数字能源平台的公共价值

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211054430

Irene A. Niet, R. Dekker, Rinie van Est

引用次数: 9

Is Genericness Still Adequately Defined? Internet Search Firms and the Economic Rationale for Trademarks 泛型仍然有充分的定义吗?互联网搜索公司与商标的经济原理

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211055482

Cameron Shackell

{"title":"Is Genericness Still Adequately Defined? Internet Search Firms and the Economic Rationale for Trademarks","authors":"Cameron Shackell","doi":"10.1177/01622439211055482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439211055482","url":null,"abstract":"Landes and Posner’s highly cited economics of trademark law based on search cost reduction has influenced economists, legislators, and courts for decades. Their account, however, predates consumer use of the Internet for search and did not anticipate the rise of firms such as Google to economy-wide power in search. Consequently, trademark law intended to help consumers find a preferred brand now also protects the means they typically use. An outdated view of trademarks as a natural and equitable right––very scrutable to STS––has led to Internet search firms owning reflexive “marks for finding other marks,” a structural advantage they have exploited through new dynamic and microtargeted forms of advertising into technoscientific rentiership. This paper revises Landes and Posner’s model to fit the case of an economy containing dominant firms with significant economy-wide search cost reduction power, adding (1) differentiation of technological elements of the original formal model and (2) analysis of the distribution and function of marks such as GOOGLE in consumer decision-making. The updated theory shows that marks granted to search firms are equivalent to generic marks in economic effect and constitute a new but unrecognized class that are functionally “super-generic.”","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73752120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Between Infrastructural Experimentation and Collective Imagination: The Digital Transformation of the EU Border Regime 在基础设施实验和集体想象之间:欧盟边境制度的数字化转型

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211057523

Paul Trauttmansdorff, U. Felt

{"title":"Between Infrastructural Experimentation and Collective Imagination: The Digital Transformation of the EU Border Regime","authors":"Paul Trauttmansdorff, U. Felt","doi":"10.1177/01622439211057523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439211057523","url":null,"abstract":"A central and formative ingredient in the governance of migration in the European Union (EU) is the continuous construction of a large-scale digital infrastructure to ensure border security. Although border and critical security studies have increasingly focused on the multiple aspects of techno-materiality and infrastructural devices of border control, less has been said about how such an infrastructure encodes and transmits collective future visions of border (in)security. Therefore, this paper analyzes the making of a sociotechnical imaginary of digital transformation of the EU border regime, specifically focusing on the role of eu-LISA, the European agency for the development and management of large-scale IT systems. Drawing on ethnographic observations and interview material, we analyze the ways in which this agency emerges as a site for assembling and rehearsing this sociotechnical imaginary, gradually transforming borders into sites of experimentation in the EU Schengen laboratory. As our case illustrates, studying the visionary dimensions of digital infrastructuring helps us to understand how imagination becomes collectivized and materialized, opens up or closes down sociotechnical realizations, and thus tacitly governs the project of digitally infrastructuring the EU border regime.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76015615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Divided Attention, Divided Self: Race and Dual-mind Theories in the History of Experimental Psychology 分散的注意力，分裂的自我:实验心理学史上的种族和双重心理理论

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211054455

C. J. Valasek

{"title":"Divided Attention, Divided Self: Race and Dual-mind Theories in the History of Experimental Psychology","authors":"C. J. Valasek","doi":"10.1177/01622439211054455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439211054455","url":null,"abstract":"The duality of attention is explored by turning our focus to the political and cultural conceptions of automatic attention and deliberate attention, with the former being associated with animality and “uncivilized” behavior and the latter with intelligence and self-mastery. In this article, I trace this ongoing dualism of the mind from early race psychology in the late nineteenth century to twentieth century psychological models including those found in psychoanalysis, behaviorism, neo-behaviorism, and behavioral economics. These earlier studies explicitly or implicitly maintained a deficiency model of controlled attention and other mental processes that were thought to differ between racial groups. Such early models of attention included assumptions that Black and Indigenous peoples were less in control of their attention compared to whites. This racialized model of attention, as seen in the law of economy in the nineteenth century, with similar manifestations in psychoanalysis and neo-behaviorism in the twentieth century, can now be seen in present-day dual-process models as used in current psychological research and behavioral policy. These historical connections show that attention is not a value-neutral term and that attention studies do not stand outside of race and structural racism.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81390115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative Storytelling: Science, Narratives, and Uncertainty in Nexus Innovations 定量讲故事:科学，叙事和不确定性的Nexus创新

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211053819

L. D. Di Felice, V. Cabello, M. Ripa, Cristina Madrid‐López

{"title":"Quantitative Storytelling: Science, Narratives, and Uncertainty in Nexus Innovations","authors":"L. D. Di Felice, V. Cabello, M. Ripa, Cristina Madrid‐López","doi":"10.1177/01622439211053819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01622439211053819","url":null,"abstract":"Innovations are central instruments of sustainability policies. They project future visions onto technological solutions and enable win-win framings of complex sustainability issues. Yet, they also create new problems by interconnecting different resources such as water, food, and energy, what is known as the “WEF nexus.” In this paper, we apply a new approach called Quantitative Storytelling (QST) to the assessment of four innovations with a strong nexus component in EU policy: biofuels, shale gas, electric vehicles, and alternative water resources. Recognizing irreducible pluralism and uncertainties, QST inspects the relationships between the narratives used to frame sustainability issues and the evidence on those issues. Our experiences outlined two rationales for implementing QST. First, QST can be used to question dominant narratives that promote certain innovations despite evidence against their effectiveness. Second, QST can offer avenues for pluralistic processes of co-creation of alternative narratives and imaginaries. We reflect on the implementation of QST and on the role played by different uncertainties throughout these processes. Our experiences suggest that while the role of nexus assessments using both numbers and narratives may not be instrumental in directly inducing policy change, they are valuable means to open discussions on innovations outside of dominant nexus imaginaries.","PeriodicalId":48083,"journal":{"name":"Science Technology & Human Values","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85896536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Tracing Long-term Value Change in (Energy) Technologies: Opportunities of Probabilistic Topic Models Using Large Data Sets 追踪能源技术的长期价值变化:使用大数据集的概率主题模型的机会

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01622439211054439

T. E. de Wildt, I. van de Poel, É. Chappin

引用次数: 6