Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.160

Nils Deeg

{"title":"Is The Dialectical Biologist Dialectical? Reexamining the Legacy of 20th Century &lsquo;Marxist&rsquo; Biology","authors":"Nils Deeg","doi":"10.33391/jgjh.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.160","url":null,"abstract":"Since its publication in 1985, evolutionary biologists Richard Levins and Richard Lewontin’s book The Dialectical Biologist has remained a key reference in the history and philosophy of biology. Nevertheless, one of the book’s central claims, that it embodies a Marxist dialectical materialist approach to biology, and to science in general, has remained contested, being treated as confused or ambiguous at best. Addressing this common reaction to the The Dialectical Biologist, this paper seeks to make explicit the ways in which the book, on the level of both form and content, can be considered to embody a genuine dialectical approach to science. It outlines Levins and Lewontin’s commitment to a clearly defined version of dialectical materialism, related to the principles put forward by Friedrich Engels. It then situates this version of dialectical materialism within the context of debates on the relation between dialectics and the natural sciences within Marxist theory. Against this theoretical background, the The Dialectical Biologist is cast as an attempt to embody just the kind of dialectical analysis of the natural sciences demanded by its philosophical commitments. Importantly, this dialectical aspect only becomes clear through close attention to the text on the multiple levels of content, style, and argumentative structure. This paper’s reading of the dialectical approach to science aims to facilitate fruitful engagement with an important text in the history of 20th century biology, particularly in a time where Lewontin’s work and legacy is being remembered and re-examined.","PeriodicalId":480563,"journal":{"name":"Junctions","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Roost to Rookery: Environmental Memory in Mark Cocker’s Crow Country 从栖息到繁殖地:马克·考克的乌鸦之乡的环境记忆

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.159

Pauw Vos

引用次数: 0

A Language of Hope: Non-traumatic Narrative of Transnational Memory in Khodadad Mohammadi’s ‘The Translator’s Tale’ 希望的语言:霍达德·穆罕默迪《译者的故事》中跨国记忆的非创伤叙事

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.156

Wenjia Yang

引用次数: 0

On the Will to Be Free in Spite of History: Tran Duc Thao and the Activist Roots of “French” Postcolonialism, 1944-1951 不顾历史的自由意志:陈德道与法国人的行动主义根源Postcolonialism, 1944 - 1951

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.141

Dominique Ankoné

{"title":"On the Will to Be Free in Spite of History: Tran Duc Thao and the Activist Roots of &ldquo;French&rdquo; Postcolonialism, 1944-1951","authors":"Dominique Ankoné","doi":"10.33391/jgjh.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.141","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1944 and 1951 a brilliant young philosopher from Vietnam addressed the Parisian public by means of activism and philosophical writing to teach them about the experience of colonial rule. This paper will answer the main question as to what Tran Duc Thao taught the Parisian intellectual scene concerning colonialism, freedom and democracy. To this end this paper investigates Tran Duc Thao’s activist attempt to rally the French public to the cause of decolonization. It will discuss how Tran Duc Thao’s activism shaped his anticolonial philosophy. The essay compares Tran Duc Thao’s conception of decolonial freedom to Jean-Paul-Sartre’s existentialist conception of freedom. The most important findings of this paper are first that Tran Duc Thao considered capitalism and colonialism to be related phenomena exploiting conscripts of modernity in a broad sense. Second, that his anticolonial philosophy was a means to explain why people in France did not understand this. Third, that Tran Duc Thao’s philosophy of freedom better fits contemporary postcolonial philosophy and environmental philosophy. While Tran Duc Thao’s work became obscured, he was nevertheless responsible for introducing anticolonial activism in the French university. His concept of the imperial horizon is a powerful tool for historians to understand why so many Europeans failed to support the wish for freedom and democracy of colonial peoples after WW II.","PeriodicalId":480563,"journal":{"name":"Junctions","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Constructing Memory Through Communal Praying: How the Orders of Service of Special Occasions Contribute to the Functioning of Amsterdam's Esnoga as a Site of Memory 通过公共祈祷构建记忆:特殊场合的服务顺序如何促进阿姆斯特丹Esnoga作为记忆场所的功能

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.149

Marjolein Uittenbogaard

{"title":"Constructing Memory Through Communal Praying: How the Orders of Service of Special Occasions Contribute to the Functioning of Amsterdam's Esnoga as a Site of Memory","authors":"Marjolein Uittenbogaard","doi":"10.33391/jgjh.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.149","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the function of Amsterdam’s Portuguese Synagogue (Esnoga) as a site of memory for the Sephardic community. Besides providing a historiography of this community in Amsterdam and discussing the postwar development of the memory of the Holocaust in the Netherlands, concepts from memory studies and a framework for psalm analysis are employed to analyze the communal praying in three of the Esnoga’s Orders of Service of special occasions from the period 1961 (the Eichmann trial) until 1989 (the fall of the Berlin Wall). This analysis illustrates how the Esnoga is a space in which the Sephardic community can performatively engage with their collective shared knowledge of the past: the mythic past as well as the recent past of the Holocaust. In this way, memories are constructed and expressed which constitute the group’s sense of unity and identity. The memorialization of the past and visions for the future are reconstructed in the Orders of Service in four ways: the psalms and prayers transmit memories over generations; the act of communal praying continually invests the psalms and prayers with new meanings; they provide a distinct, Godly view of reality; and they structure a feeling of communality across time and space. The communal praying in the Orders thus illustrates how the Esnoga allows for the transmission of memories through external symbols by acting as a site of memory in which the identity of the Sephardic community is expressed, transmitted, and affirmed.","PeriodicalId":480563,"journal":{"name":"Junctions","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Media Representations of ‘the Refugee’: An Exploration of the Role of Community-Based Media in Challenging Dominant Narratives of Migration and ‘the Refugee’ Through the Work of ReFOCUS Media Labs 难民的媒体再现:探索社区媒体在挑战移民和难民主流叙事中的作用通过ReFOCUS媒体实验室的工作

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.154

Moira Grant McLoughlin

引用次数: 0

The Un-Prosecuted Perpetrator: The Complex Case of Emperor Hirohito 未被起诉的犯罪者:裕仁天皇的复杂案件

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.152

Anne Van Buuren

{"title":"The Un-Prosecuted Perpetrator: The Complex Case of Emperor Hirohito","authors":"Anne Van Buuren","doi":"10.33391/jgjh.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.152","url":null,"abstract":"Following the Second World War, the Japanese Emperor Hirohito was exempted from the Tokyo Trials, and the extent of his responsibility in the war has remained intensely debated among predominantly Western scholars. While some see him as a puppet of the military, others claim that Hirohito carries similar responsibility to the major war criminals of the European Axis. The usage of restorative justice, and an interplay between various powers, have obscured the truth of Hirohito’s potential responsibility. Consequently, countries that were victimized by the Japanese perpetration prior to and during the Asian-Pacific War propose different narratives that deeply contrast the heroization of Hirohito in the dominant narrative presented by Japan. In modern-day society, such disputes can still flare up when these narratives conflict, such as in relation to the ‘comfort women’ issue, destabilizing the relations between Japan and the victimized countries in question. By investigating various cultural products, such as museums, propaganda, manga and film through the prism of cultural memory studies, this paper examines Japan’s failure to adequately address wartime responsibility and the consequences it has on the creation and mediation of the nation’s cultural memory. Doing so might do more justice to the Japanese national and cultural memory and prevent international fallout.","PeriodicalId":480563,"journal":{"name":"Junctions","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Producing Memory 引言:产生记忆

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.191

Hester Groot, Loïs Van Albada

{"title":"Introduction: Producing Memory","authors":"Hester Groot, Loïs Van Albada","doi":"10.33391/jgjh.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.191","url":null,"abstract":"We find ourselves in a time where our daily lives are inundated with news stories and narratives, on-and offline, wherever we turn. These often competing narratives range from localized cultural debates to severe political conflicts. But narratives are, of course, defined by who tells them. No portrayal of an issue can be entirely neutral, and recognizing the motivations and biases behind the narratives presented to us is an increasingly important skill in a time when more people than ever before have the ability to broadcast their own narrative to the world. At the same time, storytelling and the documentation of memory can be a powerful way to reframe the dominant narrative that persists about a topic or about oneself. Take the example of Chanel Miller, who writes in her autobiographical novel Know My Name : ‘My name is Chanel. I am a victim, I have no qualms with this word, only with the idea that it is all that I am. However, I am not Brock Turner’s victim . I am not his anything. I don’t belong to him’ (Miller 2019, viii). In doing so, Miller demands that the framing of herself only in relation to Turner, as occurred throughout the court case and ensuing media coverage, be challenged in a manner that acknowledges her personhood and autonomy. By taking control of the narrative, her depiction of events grew to become the defining one, which had far-reaching consequences: the judge that gave Turner a mild sentencing was suspended and the safety mechanisms in place at Stanford University, where the assault took place, were reevaluated. Documenting and spreading one’s own experiences can not only make it possible to reframe and add nuance to the popular narrative, but it can also beget accountability, as long as the world listens.","PeriodicalId":480563,"journal":{"name":"Junctions","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

War on the Posthuman: Narrative as Resistance and the Reinvention of the Self in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go 对后人类的战争:石井一雄的《别让我走》中作为反抗的叙事与自我的再创造

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.151

Stavroula Anastasia Katsorchi

{"title":"War on the Posthuman: Narrative as Resistance and the Reinvention of the Self in Kazuo Ishiguro&rsquo;s Never Let Me Go","authors":"Stavroula Anastasia Katsorchi","doi":"10.33391/jgjh.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33391/jgjh.151","url":null,"abstract":"Within a world of grand narratives, testimonies from the margins carry the potential to rewrite history. Through an examination of Kazuo Ishiguro’s renowned novel Never Let Me Go, which places an emphasis on the posthuman subject, this paper approaches the documentation of one’s experiences as a revolutionary act. The memoir kept by the cloned protagonist Kathy H. not only sheds light on the inhuman practices exercised by the state, but it also provides a fictional space for the self to be perpetuated. When one’s fate is decided beforehand, when the potential of identity development is confined, the documentation of one’s experiences constitutes a subversive act that allows the subject to regain control over their self-realization. This is portrayed through the interplay between the narrating, the experiencing, and the narrated self, whose interdependence can be translated into the fluidity of identity. The physical body is complemented and sometimes even replaced by the textual body, while the self is liberated within the ongoing process of becoming offered by the imaginative and reconstructing act of autobiographical narration. Ultimately, the preservation of one’s memories constitutes an act of agency that illuminates the dark, silenced side of history.","PeriodicalId":480563,"journal":{"name":"Junctions","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Space Nostalgia in The Old Drift: Memorializing Matha Mwamba, the Afronaut 《老漂流》中的太空怀旧:纪念宇航员马萨·姆万巴

Junctions Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.33391/jgjh.161

Maria Menzel

引用次数: 0

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