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Social Influence and Autobiographical Recall: Shared Reality and Epistemic Trust Shape Perceptions of Autobiographical Events 社会影响与自传回忆：共有的现实与认知信任塑造了对自传事件的感知
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.411
Abby S. Boytos, Kristi A. Costabile
{"title":"Social Influence and Autobiographical Recall: Shared Reality and Epistemic Trust Shape Perceptions of Autobiographical Events","authors":"Abby S. Boytos, Kristi A. Costabile","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.411","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments studied the evaluative adaptation process at the outset of a communication event to examine how autobiographical memory could be shaped by audience attitude, shared reality, and epistemic trust. Experiment 1 found that audience attitude influenced communicator perceptions of their own autobiographical memories and attitudes toward the memory topic. These effects were more pronounced when communicators experienced a shared reality with their audience. Experiment 2 found that epistemic trust in the audience increased shared reality with the audience, which in turn led to greater audience-congruent memory bias in which communicators had memory perceptions and attitudes that were evaluatively consistent with the attitudes of their audience. This project underscores the prevalence of social influence processes in autobiographical recall and identifies how processes that occur at the initial stages of interpersonal communication (i.e., perceived audience attitude, trust, and shared reality) can influence how individuals construe their own life events.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45436246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Preconscious Attentional Bias to Rejection Facilitates Social Distancing for White Women in STEM Contexts 对拒绝的前意识注意偏见促进了白人女性在STEM环境中的社会距离
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.438
K. Chaney
{"title":"Preconscious Attentional Bias to Rejection Facilitates Social Distancing for White Women in STEM Contexts","authors":"K. Chaney","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.438","url":null,"abstract":"Science, technology, engineering, and mathematic (STEM) contexts are imbued with identity-threat cues for women, leading to disengagement. Research on the vigilance-avoidance hypothesis suggests that individuals rapidly detect threat cues and subsequently avoid detected threats to mitigate experiencing the negative implications associated with the threat. Integrating these lines of research, the present research examined White women’s preconscious attentional bias to rejection (PAB-R) and avoidance behavior (social distancing) in STEM contexts after exposure to identity-threat and identity-safety cues compared to neutral conditions. White women’s PAB-R was significantly greater in response to identity-threat cues and significantly decreased in response to identity-safety cues. Moreover, greater PAB-R led to greater social distancing (Studies 1b and 2). The present studies identified PAB-R as a novel, automatic process by which identity cues were associated with avoidance for women in STEM.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44074814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Blocking Effects in Social Inference Generalize Across Targets: Learning to Interpret a Person's Behavioral Cues Interferes With Learning About Other People's Behavior 跨目标社会推理泛化中的阻断效应：学习解释一个人的行为线索会干扰对他人行为的学习
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.364
André Vaz, André Mata, Tomás A. Palma
{"title":"Blocking Effects in Social Inference Generalize Across Targets: Learning to Interpret a Person's Behavioral Cues Interferes With Learning About Other People's Behavior","authors":"André Vaz, André Mata, Tomás A. Palma","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.364","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has explored cue competition phenomena in social learning. In particular, blocking effects have been observed in the way people learn to infer someone's internal states from their behavioral cues: When people learn to associate a certain behavior with a certain internal state, this blocks their learning of subsequent behavioral cues that also predict the same state, when those cues are presented with the original behavior. In this research, we show that this blocking effect generalizes across targets, such that learning that a behavior predicts an internal state in a person hinders learning that other cues predict the same internal state in a different person, when both behaviors are presented simultaneously. This effect proved robust, and it was not moderated by the group membership of the targets.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46177376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Being Watched by God Versus a Third Person: Which Agent Lowers the Perceived Likelihood of Immoral Behaviors? 被上帝注视与第三人注视:哪个因素降低不道德行为的感知可能性?
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.336
Beyza Tepe, Arzu Karakulak
{"title":"Being Watched by God Versus a Third Person: Which Agent Lowers the Perceived Likelihood of Immoral Behaviors?","authors":"Beyza Tepe, Arzu Karakulak","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.336","url":null,"abstract":"With three experimental studies using data from young adults living in a highly religious context, namely Turkey (N = 483), the current research examines how being watched by a third person versus God affects the perceived likelihood ratings of harmful versus impure immoral behaviors. We hypothesized that respondents would expect others to more strongly refrain from acting immorally when they believed they were being watched by God compared to a third person, and that this effect would be more pronounced for impure compared to harmful moral transgressions. The God condition was perceived as more effective than the third-person surveillance condition when immoral behaviors were harmful. However, for severe impure transgressions, neither surveillance condition was perceived as effective. We discuss our findings in light of contemporary morality research, outline the role of possible cultural and individual-level boundary conditions, and highlight the scientific and practical contributions of our research to the field.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67279521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Desirable Biases: Self-Enhancement Is Seen as Biased and Bad, Other-Enhancement Is Seen as Biased but Good 可取的偏见：自我增强被视为有偏见和坏的，其他增强被视是有偏见但好的
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.317
André Mata, João Amaral
{"title":"Desirable Biases: Self-Enhancement Is Seen as Biased and Bad, Other-Enhancement Is Seen as Biased but Good","authors":"André Mata, João Amaral","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.317","url":null,"abstract":"People who describe themselves as better than others are evaluated negatively, particularly when such self-enhancement is perceived as biased. This research replicates this finding, but it shows the opposite pattern for other-enhancement. People making flattering descriptions of their relatives and loved ones were seen as biased but likeable, whereas people who did not do so were seen as more realistic but less likeable. Critically, the enhancement of other people only inspired favorable impressions when it was perceived as sincere (i.e., true in the eyes of the enhancer). Moreover, and in line with an attributional account, the fewer people shared that assessment, the more it was perceived to reveal about the enhancer and how much they liked the target of the enhancement. This research suggests a nuanced version of the role of bias perception in impression formation, whereby biased appraisals are expected in certain domains, and they can inspire favorable impressions.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45220406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic Risk Information Influences Risk-Taking Behavior 遗传风险信息对风险承担行为的影响
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.387
Ryan M. Wheat, Matthew Vess, Patricia N. Holte
{"title":"Genetic Risk Information Influences Risk-Taking Behavior","authors":"Ryan M. Wheat, Matthew Vess, Patricia N. Holte","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.387","url":null,"abstract":"Research indicates that people will behave in ways that are consistent with the genes they believe they possess. We examined this tendency in the context of risk-taking. We predicted that bogus genetic testing results indicating a propensity for risk-taking would cause participants to demonstrate riskier behavior. Participants submitted saliva tests and were randomly assigned to receive bogus genetic feedback indicating high propensity or low propensity for risk-taking. They then completed a standardized measure of risk-taking behavior. Results showed that those who received feedback indicating they were genetically disposed to risky behavior demonstrated higher risk-taking behavior than those who received feedback indicating that they were genetically disposed to risk aversion. These findings extend work on genetic feedback effects to a new domain and further reveal the ways that genetic feedback shapes behavior independent of one's actual genetic propensities.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43218857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does Deliberative Thinking Increase Tolerance? Political Tolerance Toward Individuals With Dual Citizenship 深思熟虑能增加宽容吗?对双重国籍人士的政治宽容
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.396
M. Verkuyten, K. Yogeeswaran, Levi Adelman
{"title":"Does Deliberative Thinking Increase Tolerance? Political Tolerance Toward Individuals With Dual Citizenship","authors":"M. Verkuyten, K. Yogeeswaran, Levi Adelman","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.4.396","url":null,"abstract":"A growing number of states permit dual citizenship, but continued fears about communitarian values and worries about divided loyalties of dual citizens frequently boil up, leading to forms of political intolerance against such individuals. Dual-process theories argue that tolerance is more likely when people engage in deliberative (vs. intuitive) thinking in which they recognize and consider the equal rights of all citizens. We used a survey experiment to manipulate deliberative versus intuitive thinking to test whether deliberative thinking increases political tolerance of immigrant-origin individuals with dual citizenship. Using a nationally representative sample of Dutch majority members, we found that deliberative thinking can indeed increase political tolerance. This finding was robust across demographic differences in gender, age, religiosity, educational level, political orientation, and authoritarianism.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42299317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Trait Stereotypes of Scientists as Analytical and Cold Align With Perceptions of Men More Than Women on Both Implicit and Explicit Measures 科学家的特质刻板印象是分析性的和冷的，在内隐和外显测量上与男性多于女性的认知一致
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.228
Erin McPherson, Sarah Banchefsky, Bernadette Park
{"title":"Trait Stereotypes of Scientists as Analytical and Cold Align With Perceptions of Men More Than Women on Both Implicit and Explicit Measures","authors":"Erin McPherson, Sarah Banchefsky, Bernadette Park","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.228","url":null,"abstract":"Previous work using implicit tasks has demonstrated associations at a categorical level between men and science-related words (e.g., chemistry, physics, engineering). The current research explores trait attributes, examining the overlap in trait stereotypes of scientists with trait stereotypes of men and women, using both implicit and explicit stereotyping measures. Study 1 identified traits stereotypically associated with scientists along the analytic and cold dimensions, and counterstereotypic traits on unquestioning and warm dimensions. Study 2 demonstrated strong gender-scientist stereotypes on both explicit and implicit measures such that men were seen as more analytic and cold and less unquestioning and warm than women. Although robust effects were observed on both types of measures, their correlation was weak and nonsignificant. The misfit between trait perceptions of scientists and women, whether measured implicitly or explicitly, suggests trait stereotypes help maintain the gender imbalance in physical science fields.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44545493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inversion Reduces Sensitivity to Complex Emotions in Eye Regions 反转降低眼部对复杂情绪的敏感性
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.302
Brittany S. Cassidy, Robert W. Wiley, Mattea Sim, K. Hugenberg
{"title":"Inversion Reduces Sensitivity to Complex Emotions in Eye Regions","authors":"Brittany S. Cassidy, Robert W. Wiley, Mattea Sim, K. Hugenberg","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.302","url":null,"abstract":"Inferring humans’ complex emotions is challenging but can be done with surprisingly limited emotion signals, including merely the eyes alone. Here, we test for a role of lower-level perceptual processes involved in such sensitivity using the well-validated Reading the Mind in the Eyes task. Over three experiments, we manipulated configural processing to show that it contributes to sensitivity to complex emotion from human eye regions. Specifically, inversion, a well-established manipulation affecting configural processing, undermined sensitivity to complex emotions in eye regions (Experiments 1-3). Inversion extended to undermine sensitivity to nonmentalistic information from human eye regions (gender; Experiment 2) but did not extend to affect sensitivity to attributes of nonhuman animals (Experiment 3). Taken together, the current findings provide evidence for the novel hypothesis that configural processing facilitates sensitivity to complex emotions conveyed by the eyes via the broader extraction of socially relevant information.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47851197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effects of Emotional Expression on Face Recognition May Be Accounted for by Image Similarity 情绪表达对人脸识别的影响可以用图像相似性来解释
IF 1.9 4区 心理学
Social Cognition Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.282
C. Collin, Justin A. Chamberland, Megan LeBlanc, Anna Ranger, I. Boutet
{"title":"Effects of Emotional Expression on Face Recognition May Be Accounted for by Image Similarity","authors":"C. Collin, Justin A. Chamberland, Megan LeBlanc, Anna Ranger, I. Boutet","doi":"10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.3.282","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the degree to which differences in face recognition rates across emotional expression conditions varied concomitantly with differences in mean objective image similarity. Effects of emotional expression on face recognition performance were measured via an old/new recognition paradigm in which stimuli at both learning and testing had happy, neutral, and angry expressions. Results showed an advantage for faces learned with neutral expressions, as well as for angry faces at testing. Performance data was compared to three quantitative image-similarity indices. Findings showed that mean human performance was strongly correlated with mean image similarity, suggesting that the former may be at least partly explained by the latter. Our findings sound a cautionary note regarding the necessity of considering low-level stimulus properties as explanations for findings that otherwise may be prematurely attributed to higher order phenomena such as attention or emotional arousal.","PeriodicalId":48050,"journal":{"name":"Social Cognition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41509267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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