{"title":"Universals in Learning to Read Across Languages and Writing Systems","authors":"L. Verhoeven, C. Perfetti","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1938575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1938575","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, we provide a cross-linguistic perspective on the universals and particulars in learning to read across seventeen different orthographies. Starting from the assumption that reading reflects a learned sensitivity to the systematic relationships between the surface forms of words and their meanings, we chose a broad group of seventeen languages, representing syllabic, morphosyllabic, alphasyllabic (abugida), abjad, and alphabetic writing systems. We investigated the systematic variation among these languages in their written forms and in their mapping of writing units to language units, and demonstrated the universality of operating principles in learning to read across languages and writing systems.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"150 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1938575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44445186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Riordan, E. Reese, Shika Das, Jane L. D. Carroll, E. Schaughency
{"title":"Tender Shoots: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Shared-reading Approaches for Enhancing Parent-child Interactions and Children’s Oral Language and Literacy Skills","authors":"Jessica Riordan, E. Reese, Shika Das, Jane L. D. Carroll, E. Schaughency","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1926464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1926464","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tender Shoots compared two book-reading and conversation approaches for parents and preschoolers to an activity-based control group. The Rich Reading and Reminiscing (RRR) condition taught parents to converse about the storyline; the Strengthening Sound Sensitivity (SSS) condition taught parents to converse about word sounds. A total of 69 families with preschool children (M = 50 months) were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions for a 6-week training period. At pretest and posttest, parent-child book-reading and reminiscing were observed and children’s story comprehension, letter recognition, and phonological awareness assessed. RRR increased parents’ and children’s meaning-focused talk during book-reading and elaborative talk during reminiscing; SSS increased parents’ and children’s sound- and print-focused talk during book-reading. Moderator analyses revealed significant benefits of SSS for older children’s letter recognition and phonological awareness skills. Tender Shoots is a promising tool for enhancing the quality of parent-child conversations and children’s early literacy skills.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"183 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1926464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49441682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reading and Writing Words: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective","authors":"C. McBride, Dora Jue Pan, F. Mohseni","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1920595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1920595","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We review cognitive-linguistic approaches to conveying meaning, sound, and orthographic information across scripts in order to highlight the impact of variability in written and spoken language on learning to read and to write words. With examples of word recognition and word writing from different scripts, including Chinese, Arabic, Persian, and English among others, we highlight 1) characteristics and boundaries of a word and how these sometimes present challenges for reading and spelling, 2) phonological sensitivity, including phonological omissions in print, suprasegmental processing, and “distance” between spoken and written forms, vis-à-vis literacy acquisition at the word level, 3) the importance of specific types of divergent visual-orthographic knowledge for the mastery of different writing systems, and 4) expanding understanding of visual-motor skills and their role in spelling across scripts. All of these aspects of variability in different writing systems should be more broadly integrated as theoretical models and intervention methods of reading or writing are tested across different writing systems.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"125 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1920595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47898315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Carretti, C. Cornoldi, Arianna Antonello, Laura Di Criscienzo, E. Toffalini
{"title":"Inferring the Performance of Children with Dyslexia from that of the General Population: The Case of Associative Phonological Working Memory","authors":"B. Carretti, C. Cornoldi, Arianna Antonello, Laura Di Criscienzo, E. Toffalini","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1897596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1897596","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study examines whether the average performance of the population with dyslexia in a working memory measure can be inferred dimensionally from the characteristics of the typical population. Specifically, we focused on Associative Phonological Working Memory (APWM), an ability that we predicted being impaired in dyslexia due to the relationship of reading with both associative learning and working memory (WM). Study 1a revealed a linear relationship between APWM and reading ability in 438 typically-developing (TD) children, after accounting for fluid intelligence and phonological WM. In Study 1b a simulation procedure was used to calculate the deficit in APWM expected in children with dyslexia, based on the set of correlations found in Study 1a. This prediction was compared with the actual performance of 26 children with dyslexia. A deficit in APWM was confirmed, and its extent was in line with that simulated from the correlational structure seen in the TD population.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"47 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1897596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47305930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reese Butterfuss, Panayiota Kendeou, Kristen L. McMaster, Elly Orcutt, O. Bulut
{"title":"Question Timing, Language Comprehension, and Executive Function in Inferencing","authors":"Reese Butterfuss, Panayiota Kendeou, Kristen L. McMaster, Elly Orcutt, O. Bulut","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1901903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1901903","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We examined the extent to which the timing of inferential questioning influenced kindergartners’ inferencing performance in a non-reading context, while also taking into account individual differences in language comprehension and executive function. Students completed the eight-week Early Language Comprehension Individualized Instruction (ELCII) application by responding to audiovisual inferential questions administered in one of two timing conditions: either (1) during video watching at various points (online) or (2) after the video was finished (offline). Results suggest that online questioning fostered greater overall gains in inferencing skill from pretest to posttest. Moreover, students with higher executive function demonstrated greater gain in inferencing than students with lower executive function. Likewise, students with higher language comprehension skills demonstrated greater gains in inferencing than students with lower language comprehension skills. Theoretical and instructional implications of the findings and areas for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"61 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1901903","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47499525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue: Mechanisms of Variation in Reading Comprehension: Processes and Products","authors":"J. V. Van Dyke","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1873347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1873347","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This introduction to the special issue entitled “Mechanisms of Variation in Reading Comprehension: Processes and Products” defines what is referred to as the process and product of reading comprehension. A specific process model is offered, and five articles are discussed referencing it. Key questions are: a) How to study the process and products of reading comprehension?; b) How are the process and product of reading comprehension related?; c) Is reading comprehension (modulo decoding) the same as listening comprehension?; d) Are comprehension processes and products influenced by the same individual differences? Word Knowledge is found to influence both process and product measures of comprehension, but is described as insufficient to account for the full range of variation in reading comprehension. The need for examining complex texts (e.g., expository genre), which require skill in processing infrequent syntactic constructions is emphasized, as well as methods for examining individual differences in multiple-text learning.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"25 1","pages":"93 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1873347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43290257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheila Cira Chung, E. Geva, Xi Chen, Hélène Deacon
{"title":"Do We ‘Laugh’ or ‘La8gh’? Early Print Knowledge and Its Relation to Learning to Read in English and French","authors":"Sheila Cira Chung, E. Geva, Xi Chen, Hélène Deacon","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2020.1863970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2020.1863970","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Models of reading development point to a role for knowledge about the orthography quite late in children’s reading development; here we explore the contributions of early orthographic knowledge – of the features of print – to word reading development between kindergarten and Grade 1. We did so in a longitudinal study of 93 emergent bilingual children whose formal instruction was in French, a different language than they spoke at home, followed from senior kindergarten to Grade 1. Linear regression analyses showed that early print knowledge in both English and French significantly predicted French word reading in Grade 1; no such relations emerged to English word reading. Analyses included control measures of parental education and English vocabulary, phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, and autoregressive controls of earlier word reading. These results suggest that print knowledge can be used to predict progress in second language word reading in emergent bilingual children.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"25 1","pages":"519 - 533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2020.1863970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41537024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Syllable-level Hyphenation on Novel Word Reading in Early Finnish Readers: Evidence from Eye Movements","authors":"Tuomo Häikiö, Tinja Luotojärvi","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1874384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1874384","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In early Finnish reading instruction, hyphens are used to denote syllable boundaries. However, this practice slows down reading already during the 1st grade. It has been hypothesized that hyphenation forces readers to rely more on phonology than orthography. Since hyphenation highlights the phonology of the word, it may facilitate reading during the very first encounters of the word. To assess whether this is the case, Finnish 1st and 2nd graders read stories about fictional animals while their eye movements were registered. Each story included four occurrences of a novel target (pseudo)word, hyphenated at the syllable level in half of the stories. Target words were read faster with repeated exposure but there were no effects regarding grade or hyphenation. The use of hyphenation does not give rise to enhanced processing of phonology in novel words and is likely to hinder the processes connected to the use of orthography.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"38 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1874384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41677750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Ye, Mengge Yan, Yijun Ruan, C. McBride, Mo Zheng, Li Yin
{"title":"Exploring the Underpinnings and Longitudinal Associations of Word Reading and Word Spelling: A 2-year Longitudinal Study of Hong Kong Chinese Children Transitioning to Primary School","authors":"Y. Ye, Mengge Yan, Yijun Ruan, C. McBride, Mo Zheng, Li Yin","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2021.1871909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2021.1871909","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We investigated the correlates of word reading and spelling as well as the relations of word reading and spelling in Hong Kong Chinese children. A set of literacy-related skills and delayed copying were administered in kindergarten, and Chinese word reading and dictation were tested at kindergarten as well as in first and second grade. The final preferred model in cross-lagged analysis showed that reading performance at kindergarten and first grade predicted spelling performance at first grade and second grade, respectively. However, the relations were not bidirectional. This study underscores the critical roles of morphological awareness, RAN, and delayed copying for early literacy performance in Chinese. In addition, it demonstrates that earlier reading performance predicts later spelling performance in Chinese, but early spelling does not predict subsequent reading in Chinese in the early grades.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"26 1","pages":"21 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2021.1871909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45912193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Underlies the Deficit in Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) in Adults with Dyslexia? Evidence from Eye Movements","authors":"Susana Araújo, F. Huettig, A. Meyer","doi":"10.1080/10888438.2020.1867863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2020.1867863","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This eye-tracking study explored how phonological encoding and speech production planning for successive words are coordinated in adult readers with dyslexia (N = 22) and control readers (N = 25) during rapid automatized naming (RAN). Using an object-RAN task, we orthogonally manipulated the word-form frequency and phonological neighborhood density of the object names and assessed the effects on speech and eye movements and their temporal coordination. In both groups, there was a significant interaction between word frequency and neighborhood density: shorter fixations for dense than for sparse neighborhoods were observed for low- but not for high-frequency words. This finding does not suggest a specific difficulty in lexical phonological access in dyslexia. However, in readers with dyslexia only, these lexical effects percolated to the late processing stages, indicated by longer offset eye-speech lags. We close by discussing potential reasons for this finding, including suboptimal specification of phonological representations and deficits in attention control or in multi-item coordination.","PeriodicalId":48032,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Studies of Reading","volume":"25 1","pages":"534 - 549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10888438.2020.1867863","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48246845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}