Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied最新文献_第9页

Weighting ratings: Are people adjusting for bias in extreme reviews? 加权评级:人们是否对极端评价中的偏见进行了调整?

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4245795

Neel Ocean

{"title":"Weighting ratings: Are people adjusting for bias in extreme reviews?","authors":"Neel Ocean","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4245795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4245795","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing importance of consumer ratings raises the question of whether people adjust for potentially fake or biased extreme opinions when judging products. Two studies tested treatments that trimmed the extremes of rating distributions. Neither removing extreme ratings while preserving the mean, nor flagging suspicious extreme ratings, nor priming individuals about review manipulation significantly affect judged product quality on average. However, judgments for specific distributions may be made less extreme by flagging or trimming. On average, it is difficult to override usage of the mean rating as the strongest proxy for product quality. When a weighted-mean model is fitted, the estimated weighting profile is hump-shaped and asymmetric. Consumers appear to discount 5-star ratings but are particularly susceptible to being misled by disingenuous 1-star ratings. The weights suggest that there is a binary bias with an inflection point at 2-stars for product ratings, meaning that any rating above this broadly sends an equally strong positive signal of quality. Further theoretical work is required to understand how people form weights for ratings, and applied work should continue to search for decision aids that could help consumers to better adjust for review bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83120463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Moral Paragons, but Crummy Friends: The Case of Snitching 道德模范的补充材料，但糟糕的朋友:告密的情况

3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000501.supp

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Scientists, Speak Up! Source Impacts Trust in Health Advice Across Five Countries 给科学家的补充材料，大声说出来!来源影响五个国家对健康咨询的信任

3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000500.supp

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Finding Your Roots: Do DNA Ancestry Tests Increase Racial (In)Tolerance? 补充材料寻找你的根:DNA血统测试增加种族容忍度吗?

3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000488.supp

引用次数: 0

Effects of inductive learning and gamification on news veracity discernment. 归纳式学习和游戏化对新闻真实性辨别的影响。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000458

Ariana Modirrousta-Galian, Philip A Higham, Tina Seabrooke

{"title":"Effects of inductive learning and gamification on news veracity discernment.","authors":"Ariana Modirrousta-Galian, Philip A Higham, Tina Seabrooke","doi":"10.1037/xap0000458","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000458","url":null,"abstract":"This preregistered study tests a novel psychological intervention to improve news veracity discernment. The main intervention involved inductive learning (IL) training (i.e., practice discriminating between multiple true and fake news exemplars with feedback) with or without gamification. Participants (N = 282 Prolific users) were randomly assigned to either a gamified IL intervention, a nongamified version of the same IL intervention, a no-treatment control group, or a Bad News intervention, a notable web-based game designed to tackle online misinformation. Following the intervention (if applicable), all participants rated the veracity of a novel set of news headlines. We hypothesized that the gamified intervention would be the most effective for improving news veracity discernment, followed by its nongamified equivalent, then Bad News, and finally the control group. The results were analyzed with receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses, which have previously never been applied to news veracity discernment. The analyses indicated that there were no significant differences between conditions and the Bayes factor indicated very strong evidence for the null. This finding raises questions about the effectiveness of current psychological interventions and contradicts prior research that has supported the efficacy of Bad News. Age, gender, and political leaning all predicted news veracity discernment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 3","pages":"599-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9876983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remembering what to do when the time comes: The effects of offloading in a complex prospective memory task. 记住时间到来时该做什么:在复杂的前瞻记忆任务中卸载的影响。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000449

Craig Fellers, Toshiya Miyatsu, Benjamin C Storm

{"title":"Remembering what to do when the time comes: The effects of offloading in a complex prospective memory task.","authors":"Craig Fellers, Toshiya Miyatsu, Benjamin C Storm","doi":"10.1037/xap0000449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000449","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments examined the effects of cognitive offloading on a complex prospective memory task. Participants underwent a simulated telehealth examination in which they learned about dry eye disease and its treatment. They were asked to email the experimenter at 7:00 p.m., 2 days later, at which point they attempted to recall the medical information about dry eye. Participants in the offload condition were instructed to set a reminder; participants in the internal condition were not. At 7:15 p.m., all participants received an email requesting them to complete the free-recall test, allowing for an assessment of memory performance even when participants failed to email the experimenter. Participants in the offload condition significantly outperformed participants in the internal condition, both in terms of emailing the experimenter on time and in terms of completing the second phase of the experiment at all. No differences were observed regarding performance on the memory test. Results related to rehearsals, metacognitive judgments, and conscientiousness are also reported. Overall, the study provides new insight into how reminders can affect performance on a complex prospective memory task and how reminders may have the potential to be used in medical contexts to optimize patient outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 3","pages":"631-644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9870161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The cure effect: Individuals demand universal access for health treatments that claim to eliminate disease symptoms. 治疗效果:个人要求普遍获得声称可以消除疾病症状的健康治疗。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000479

Mathew S Isaac

引用次数: 0

Mitigating consequence insensitivity for genetically engineered crops. 减轻转基因作物的后果不敏感。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000451

Yoel Inbar, Gabi Waldhof

引用次数: 0

AI composer bias: Listeners like music less when they think it was composed by an AI. 人工智能作曲家偏见:当听众认为音乐是由人工智能创作时，他们就不那么喜欢音乐了。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000447

Daniel B Shank, Courtney Stefanik, Cassidy Stuhlsatz, Kaelyn Kacirek, Amy M Belfi

{"title":"AI composer bias: Listeners like music less when they think it was composed by an AI.","authors":"Daniel B Shank, Courtney Stefanik, Cassidy Stuhlsatz, Kaelyn Kacirek, Amy M Belfi","doi":"10.1037/xap0000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000447","url":null,"abstract":"The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to compose music is becoming mainstream. Yet, there is a concern that listeners may have biases against AIs. Here, we test the hypothesis that listeners will like music less if they think it was composed by an AI. In Study 1, participants listened to excerpts of electronic and classical music and rated how much they liked the excerpts and whether they thought they were composed by an AI or human. Participants were more likely to attribute an AI composer to electronic music and liked music less that they thought was composed by an AI. In Study 2, we directly manipulated composer identity by telling participants that the music they heard (electronic music) was composed by an AI or by a human, yet we found no effect of composer identity on liking. We hypothesized that this was due to the \"AI-sounding\" nature of electronic music. Therefore, in Study 3, we used a set of \"human-sounding\" classical music excerpts. Here, participants liked the music less when it was purportedly composed by an AI. We conclude with implications of the AI composer bias for understanding perception of AIs in arts and aesthetic processing theories more broadly. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 3","pages":"676-692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9881938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Dynamic workload measurement and modeling: Driving and conversing. 动态工作量测量和建模:驱动和转换。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000431

Spencer C Castro, Andrew Heathcote, Joel M Cooper, David L Strayer

{"title":"Dynamic workload measurement and modeling: Driving and conversing.","authors":"Spencer C Castro, Andrew Heathcote, Joel M Cooper, David L Strayer","doi":"10.1037/xap0000431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000431","url":null,"abstract":"Tillman et al. (2017) used evidence-accumulation modeling to ascertain the effects of a conversation (either with a passenger or on a hands-free cell phone) on a drivers' mental workload. They found that a concurrent conversation increased the response threshold but did not alter the rate of evidence accumulation. However, this earlier research collapsed across speaking and listening components of a natural conversation, potentially masking any dynamic fluctuations associated with this dual-task combination. In the present study, a unique implementation of the detection response task was used to simultaneously measure the demands on the driver and the nondriver when they were speaking or when they were listening. We found that the natural ebb and flow of a conversation altered both the rate of evidence accumulation and the response threshold for drivers and nondrivers alike. The dynamic fluctuations in cognitive workload observed with this novel method illustrate how quickly the parameters of cognition are altered by real-time task demands. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 3","pages":"645-653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9869656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1