Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied最新文献

Leaving money on the table: As diagnostic aids become more useful, operators use them less efficiently. 把钱留在桌面上：随着诊断辅助工具变得越来越有用，操作人员使用它们的效率降低了。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000549

Fernando Munoz Gomez Andrade, Megan L Bartlett, Christopher D Wickens, Jason S McCarley

{"title":"Leaving money on the table: As diagnostic aids become more useful, operators use them less efficiently.","authors":"Fernando Munoz Gomez Andrade, Megan L Bartlett, Christopher D Wickens, Jason S McCarley","doi":"10.1037/xap0000549","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000549","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic aids can assist human operators in everyday and high-stakes decision tasks, but performance typically falls short of best possible levels, reflecting a tendency toward disuse. To mitigate disuse, it is important to understand how task context influences aid dependence. The present study tested the prediction that aid use will become less efficient either as the aid becomes more reliable or the decision maker's task becomes more difficult. Participants (N = 127; data collected in 2023) performed a signal detection task with and without support from a diagnostic aid, where task difficulty and aid reliability varied between subjects. Analyses compared observed levels of aided performance with the predictions of an optimal strategy. Aided performance was consistently suboptimal but fell furthest from optimal when the aid was most reliable and when the task was most difficult. Costs of disuse to decision accuracy were substantial. Findings replicate and extend earlier patterns of suboptimal use, indicating that a mechanism of disuse is a failure to increase aid dependence appropriately in response to increases in aid quality or task demand. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experts' ability to predict the future fosters unwarranted optimistic expectations. 专家预测未来的能力助长了毫无根据的乐观预期。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000564

Massimiliano Ostinelli, Andrea Bonezzi

引用次数: 0

Investigating factors influencing audiences' integration of scientific evidence. 调查影响受众科学证据整合的因素。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000552

Marcel R Schreiner, Tobias R Rebholz, Julian Quevedo Pütter, Asheley R Landrum

{"title":"Investigating factors influencing audiences' integration of scientific evidence.","authors":"Marcel R Schreiner, Tobias R Rebholz, Julian Quevedo Pütter, Asheley R Landrum","doi":"10.1037/xap0000552","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000552","url":null,"abstract":"To enable a broad societal impact of science, people need to update their beliefs based on the best available evidence. Here, we investigate the influences of external and internal factors on lay audiences' belief updating based on scientific evidence with a diverse sample of U.S. residents from which data was collected in May 2023. Participants were presented a series of fictitious hypotheses. For each hypothesis, we assessed their initial beliefs and subjective expertise, presented them fictitious study outcomes, and then assessed their beliefs again. Importantly, the outcomes' presentation format and ordering were manipulated. Participants exhibited more belief updating when study outcomes were presented simultaneously (all on one page) instead of sequentially (split up across different pages). While chronologically ordering outcomes given sequential presentation did not affect belief updating, participants weighted more recently presented outcomes more strongly. We further found that belief updating was less pronounced with increasing subjective expertise, and more pronounced with increasing trust in science and scientific literacy. These results provide practical implications for science communication and the consumption of scientific evidence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"292-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145744996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biased lineups and additional repetitions exacerbate the repeated-suspect effect. 有偏见的阵容和额外的重复加剧了重复怀疑效应。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000553

Adele Quigley-McBride, Gary L Wells

{"title":"Biased lineups and additional repetitions exacerbate the repeated-suspect effect.","authors":"Adele Quigley-McBride, Gary L Wells","doi":"10.1037/xap0000553","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000553","url":null,"abstract":"When an eyewitness is presented with multiple lineups, each containing the same suspect but entirely new fillers, this increases the risk that an eyewitness will identify the suspect-whether that suspect is innocent or guilty (called the repeated-suspect effect). There are several mechanisms that can lead to repeated-suspect effects, some based in memory processes and others based in social influence processes. Across two in-person experiments, we examined conditions that might exacerbate the repeated-suspect effect. In Experiment 1 (N = 316, collected in 2019), we showed that a previous lineup that is biased toward the innocent suspect exacerbates the repeated-suspect effect but found no evidence that participants' memory for the true culprit was affected. In Experiment 2 (N = 303, collected in 2020), additional intervening lineups increased the risk to innocent suspects. Experiment 2 also highlighted the role of social influence in eyewitness errors. We found that the physical presence of the experimenter during the task influenced their choice to identify the repeated person, especially after a biased lineup. Thus, we show evidence for the role of memory and social influence mechanisms in repeated-suspect effects as well as dramatic increases in the risk to innocent suspects when intervening lineup procedures make the suspect more salient to the viewer. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"212-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145439614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering the dynamic influence of competing job offers on recruiters' hiring decisions. 解读竞争性工作机会对招聘人员招聘决策的动态影响。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000557

Lifeng Yang, Haoyu Liu, Duane T Wegener

{"title":"Deciphering the dynamic influence of competing job offers on recruiters' hiring decisions.","authors":"Lifeng Yang, Haoyu Liu, Duane T Wegener","doi":"10.1037/xap0000557","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000557","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the impact of competing job offers on recruiters' hiring inclination toward the best available candidate. Across five studies, we explored how knowledge of such offers influences recruiters' decision making and showed that awareness of competing offers significantly sways hiring intentions. Our findings revealed that the mere presence of competing offers, rather than their quantity, can make recruiters' attitudes more favorable toward the candidate and increase hiring inclination. This pattern diverges somewhat from research and theory on social impact that finds additional, though decreasing, impact of additional others on social judgment. One reason for this, we suggest, is that competing offers create two opposing influences: Whereas additional offers increase favorability toward the candidate, they also decrease the likelihood that the candidate will accept the offer. Supporting this possibility, when the two mechanisms are no longer conflicting-because instead of offers, it is additional rejections of the candidate-then different numbers of rejections by others do have an impact (of making one less likely to make an offer). Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"151-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Motivating environment protection by elevating perceived control. 通过提升感知控制来激励环境保护。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000550

Katharina A Schwarz, Sarah Meier, Julia Menzel, Ariane Dreier, Roland Pfister

{"title":"Motivating environment protection by elevating perceived control.","authors":"Katharina A Schwarz, Sarah Meier, Julia Menzel, Ariane Dreier, Roland Pfister","doi":"10.1037/xap0000550","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000550","url":null,"abstract":"As a global community, humankind stands before a monumental challenge: to change our behavioral habits toward a more sustainable way of life. There are multiple paths toward that challenge, one of which is motivating citizens to engage in more pro-environmental behavior in everyday life. In this series of experiments (N = 521 participants), we pioneer a new paradigm that simulates everyday decision making via narrative-interactive choice elements to evaluate motivating strategies with a specific focus on sense of agency (SoA), that is, perceived control. To this end, we first characterize different individual motivators in fostering pro-environmental behavior. Further, in an experimental approach, we implement prompt variants into the narrative-interactive choice elements paradigm (color coding of choices vs. information on choice consequences) aligned with different aspects of SoA formation to test how SoA might facilitate pro-environmental decisions. Our results demonstrate that increased SoA is associated with pro-environmental behavior and showcase how prompt variants during decision making may affect pro-environmental behavior. Moreover, our results demonstrate a strong association of the participants' attitude toward environmental protection with SoA and pro-environmental behavior. SoA has been identified as a crucial aspect of action motivation; the present study provides compelling evidence that optimizing SoA may provide a much-needed strategy in fostering sustainability behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"306-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145379295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contrasting guilty minds: Exposure to contrast concepts narrows conceptions of acting knowingly and recklessly. 对比有罪的心理：暴露于对比的概念会缩小故意和鲁莽行为的概念。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000547

Christian Mott, Larisa Heiphetz Solomon

{"title":"Contrasting guilty minds: Exposure to contrast concepts narrows conceptions of acting knowingly and recklessly.","authors":"Christian Mott, Larisa Heiphetz Solomon","doi":"10.1037/xap0000547","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000547","url":null,"abstract":"When one person harms another, the way lay jurors describe the perpetrator's mental state-whether they acted \"knowingly\" or \"recklessly\"-can significantly affect their culpability under U.S. criminal law. Five studies conducted in Fall 2017 show that the meanings of these crucial legal terms can shift depending on whether the jury instructions mention an alternative mental state. In Studies 1-3, lay participants, acting as mock jurors, were less likely to say an agent caused a harm \"knowingly\" when they could instead describe the person as acting \"recklessly\"-a less severe but still culpable state of mind. This pattern emerged whether or not participants received legal definitions of these terms. In Study 4, mock jurors were less likely to say an agent acted \"knowingly\" when \"recklessly\" appeared in the jury instructions as a contrast, even when they did not have any way to attribute the contrast term to the agent. In Study 5, mock jurors were also less likely to say an agent acted \"recklessly\" when the possibility of acting \"negligently\" appeared in the jury instructions. These studies provide evidence that \"knowingly\" and \"recklessly\" are contrast sensitive-that is, their meanings can shift based on what contrast concept is salient. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"192-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reducing modest risks: Valuation or disposition? 降低适度风险：评估还是处置？

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000561

Ilkka Leppänen, Tianqi Hu

{"title":"Reducing modest risks: Valuation or disposition?","authors":"Ilkka Leppänen, Tianqi Hu","doi":"10.1037/xap0000561","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000561","url":null,"abstract":"It is not fully understood why people pay to reduce modest risks, such as breakdowns of consumer goods. They may do so because they calculate expected valuations, or because they are predisposed to reduce risks. We use a computational model of decision making, the drift diffusion model, to study whether risk-reduction choices are valuational or dispositional. Across two studies (one preregistered, total N = 205, arranged in 2022 and 2023), we find that an explicit insurance framing is associated with more consistent choices and higher responsiveness to changes in insurance contract parameters than an implicit lottery framing. Computational modeling suggests that subjects accumulate evidence toward the reduced-risk option faster under time pressure. However, the prevaluation bias in the evidence accumulation process does not significantly differ between framings, pointing toward the absence of an insurance-related predisposition. Additional analysis using response dynamics supports our findings, showing that option evaluation tends to be more biased toward risk reduction under explicit insurance framing and time pressure. Although the effect sizes are modest, our results provide suggestive evidence of how presenting risk-reducing choices as insurance and making these choices under time-pressure biases the comparison and evaluation of options toward risk reduction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"240-256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How do negotiators resolve conflict over resources of changing value: The role of trust in sequential negotiations. 谈判者如何解决价值变化资源的冲突：信任在顺序谈判中的作用。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000555

Caroline Heydenbluth, Hillie Aaldering, Hong Zhang, Johann M Majer, Roman Trötschel

{"title":"How do negotiators resolve conflict over resources of changing value: The role of trust in sequential negotiations.","authors":"Caroline Heydenbluth, Hillie Aaldering, Hong Zhang, Johann M Majer, Roman Trötschel","doi":"10.1037/xap0000555","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000555","url":null,"abstract":"Managing limited natural resources is an important sustainability challenge, requiring efficient conflict resolution among parties in a dynamically changing environment. To address these challenges, humans have developed sequential negotiations-adaptive joint decision-making processes enabling efficient, forward-looking agreements that consider all parties' priorities and the changing value of resources over time. Across three incentivized, face-to-face negotiation experiments (N = 330), we systematically investigate when and why negotiation dyads succeed or fail in reaching efficient agreements in sequential allocation negotiations, thereby leveraging the changing value of resources. Because trust may be an important psychological factor in reaching efficient agreements in such sequential negotiations, we manipulated trust levels (high vs. low) between negotiating pairs and progressively increased its relevance across experiments. Across both distribution (Experiments 1 and 2) and contribution negotiations (Experiment 3) and regardless of trust, dyads consistently prioritized resolving immediate conflicts of interest during the initial negotiation, failing to leverage changes in resource values and limiting their ability to reach efficient agreements over time. Integrating elements from environmental, social, and negotiation psychology, this research highlights challenges in sequential negotiations with dynamic resource values and provides a basis for evidence-based interventions to enhance agreement efficiency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"173-191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conspiratorial beliefs and reduced vaccine acceptance: Understanding the role of perspective-taking. 阴谋论信念和降低疫苗接受度：理解换位思考的作用。

IF 2.1 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000560

Cynthia S Wang, Yingli Deng, Jennifer A Whitson, Hooria Jazaieri, Gillian Ku

{"title":"Conspiratorial beliefs and reduced vaccine acceptance: Understanding the role of perspective-taking.","authors":"Cynthia S Wang, Yingli Deng, Jennifer A Whitson, Hooria Jazaieri, Gillian Ku","doi":"10.1037/xap0000560","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000560","url":null,"abstract":"Surges in infectious diseases often bring illness and conspiratorial beliefs. Such beliefs can hinder the adoption of public health advice, including vaccination. Because conspiratorial beliefs are difficult to reduce once entrenched, it is essential to explore strategies that mitigate their impact on vaccine acceptance. We present perspective-taking as a novel intervention, testing whether the negative association between conspiratorial beliefs and vaccine acceptance is weaker when participants take the perspective of someone holding positive vaccine attitudes. In Studies 1A-1C, participants read excerpts from interviews with COVID-19-vaccinated individuals. Study 2 examined live conversations with individuals holding positive vaccine attitudes and tested the durability of the effects by measuring vaccine acceptance 2 weeks later, assessing whether the moderating effect of perspective-taking arose from enhanced psychological closeness. Studies 3A-3B extended the hypotheses to a fictitious disease to examine generalizability beyond COVID-19. Study 3A used a similar paradigm to Studies 1A-1C and tested the same hypotheses as Study 2. Study 3B assessed the moderating effect of perspective-taking through a public service announcement-style video designed to enhance ecological validity. We found general support for our hypotheses. This research is significant because it can lead to the development of strategies to combat vaccine hesitancy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"257-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145744801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0