Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied最新文献

Mindful eating and food intake: Effects and mechanisms of action.

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000530

Lana Seguias, Danielle Ferriday, Elanor C Hinton, Tina McCaw, Katy Tapper

{"title":"Mindful eating and food intake: Effects and mechanisms of action.","authors":"Lana Seguias, Danielle Ferriday, Elanor C Hinton, Tina McCaw, Katy Tapper","doi":"10.1037/xap0000530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000530","url":null,"abstract":"A key component of mindful eating is paying attention to the sensory properties of one's food as one eats (\"sensory eating\"). Some studies have found this reduces subsequent food intake while others have failed to replicate these effects. We report four laboratory studies that (a) examine effects of sensory eating on subsequent intake and (b) explore potential mechanisms of action. In each study, participants ate a small high-calorie snack with or without sensory eating and, 5-15 min later, were given larger snack portions from which they could eat freely. Sensory eating reduced intake of the second snack and could not be explained by increased sensory-specific satiety or priming of health-related goals. However, this effect disappeared when we controlled eating rate for the first snack. Given evidence that slower eating increases satiation and reduces intake, we conclude that sensory eating reduces intake by slowing eating rate. Exploratory analyses also revealed that (among nondieters) effects of sensory eating were pronounced when participants reported higher hunger. Thus, for weight management, sensory eating may be most beneficial for those who are naturally fast eaters and/or in situations where people are inclined to eat more quickly, for example, when hungry or in a hurry. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the confidence-accuracy relation: A multiple-reflector-variable approach to postdicting accuracy on eyewitness lineups.

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000527

Nydia T Ayala, Andrew M Smith, Gary L Wells

{"title":"Beyond the confidence-accuracy relation: A multiple-reflector-variable approach to postdicting accuracy on eyewitness lineups.","authors":"Nydia T Ayala, Andrew M Smith, Gary L Wells","doi":"10.1037/xap0000527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000527","url":null,"abstract":"We examined whether the potential to distinguish between accurate and inaccurate decisions on eyewitness lineups could be improved by combining information from three witness behaviors: confidence, decision time, and the language that witnesses use to justify their lineup decisions. We assessed the postdictive potential of these variables for both positive identifications and lineup rejections on both simultaneous and sequential lineups. All three behaviors independently postdicted the accuracy of both positive identifications and lineup rejections for both simultaneous and sequential lineups. The potential to distinguish between accurate and inaccurate lineup decisions was maximized by considering all three variables. Interestingly, the classifier trained to distinguish the language of accurate and inaccurate witnesses appeared to recover a distinction between use of absolute- and relative-judgment strategies. For both simultaneous and sequential lineups, accurate decisions were accompanied by absolute language and inaccurate decisions were accompanied by relative language. The applied implications of this work are clear-accurate witnesses are confident, fast, and reference an absolute-judgment strategy. This work also advances theory on why sequential lineups lead to worse discriminability than do simultaneous lineups. Sequential lineups do not increase use of absolute-judgment strategies, but might make it more difficult to determine the strongest match to memory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of supply and demand side factors on willingness to use biodegradable plastic bags.

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000528

Yuhuan Xu, Jianguo Du, Zhaochan Chu

引用次数: 0

A metric of team multitasking throughput. 团队多任务处理吞吐量的度量。

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000519

Elizabeth L Fox, August Capiola, Gregory Bowers, Arielle Stephenson

{"title":"A metric of team multitasking throughput.","authors":"Elizabeth L Fox, August Capiola, Gregory Bowers, Arielle Stephenson","doi":"10.1037/xap0000519","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000519","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a novel, unobtrusive estimate of team multitasking throughput (tMT). We demonstrate it through the quantitative assessment of tMT in distributed dyads when objective performance and purported reliability are manipulated among teammates. In a within-subjects experiment, we investigated the effects of teammates' performance and purported reliability on tMT. Results showed that when a teammate was described as reliable, there was a marked difference in tMT between those with low and high objective performance, but this difference was not present for teammates described as unreliable. Further, after considering the expected differences between high and low performing teams, we found partial support that tMT was highest when performance matched (vs. violated) expectation. These findings evidence the utility of our novel metric to capture team performance. In conclusion, we quantified how objective performance and purported reliability dynamically affect team efficiency while completing collaborative tasks. We found there was a marked difference in tMT between those with low and high purported reliability, but this difference was dependent on whether the teammate's performance matched expectations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"58-70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rate-them-all lineup procedure increases information but reduces discriminability. "全对 "排序程序增加了信息量，但降低了可辨别性。

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000524

Anne S Yilmaz, Brent M Wilson, John T Wixted

{"title":"A rate-them-all lineup procedure increases information but reduces discriminability.","authors":"Anne S Yilmaz, Brent M Wilson, John T Wixted","doi":"10.1037/xap0000524","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000524","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has investigated ways to optimize identification performance, but an open question concerns exactly what variable should be optimized. One reasonable way to optimize performance is to maximize discriminability, which is achieved by increasing correct identifications of guilty suspects while simultaneously decreasing false identifications of innocent suspects. Another reasonable way to optimize performance is to maximize the information about the guilt or innocence of the suspect, which is best achieved by ensuring that a confidence rating is always made to the suspect. In a typical lineup, however, limited information about the suspect is obtained if the witness picks a filler or rejects the lineup. One proposed solution to that problem is to have the witness provide a confidence rating to every member of the lineup (a rate-them-all lineup). But what effect, if any, does a rate-them-all procedure have on discriminability? To answer that question, we compared a rate-them-all lineup procedure to standard simultaneous lineup and showup procedures using receiver operating characteristic analysis. In terms of discriminability, the rate-them-all procedure was diagnostically inferior to both. A reasonable goal for future research is to make use of theoretical models of eyewitness identification to simultaneously maximize both discriminability and information gain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparison between numeric confidence ratings and verbal confidence statements. 数字信心评级与口头信心陈述的比较。

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000525

Travis M Seale-Carlisle, Jesse H Grabman, David G Dobolyi, Chad S Dodson

{"title":"A comparison between numeric confidence ratings and verbal confidence statements.","authors":"Travis M Seale-Carlisle, Jesse H Grabman, David G Dobolyi, Chad S Dodson","doi":"10.1037/xap0000525","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000525","url":null,"abstract":"Is confidence most diagnostic of accuracy when expressed in numbers or when expressed in words? This question bears immense importance in many real-world contexts especially within the confines of eyewitness identification. In an eyewitness identification task, we compared the diagnostic value of numeric confidence across rating scales that varied in grain size (3-point vs. 6-point vs. 21-point vs. 101-point rating scales). We also compared the diagnostic value of numeric confidence to verbal confidence statements using several machine-learning algorithms. We found that fine-grain ratings are more diagnostic of identification accuracy than coarse-grain ratings, which suggests that the former provides a closer correspondence to memory strength than the latter. Moreover, we found that verbal confidence statements capture diagnostic information about the likely accuracy of an identification that numeric confidence ratings do not capture. This suggests that verbal confidence statements and numeric confidence ratings reflect partially independent, nonoverlapping sources of information. These results shed light on the processes that provide diagnostic value to confidence. From an applied standpoint, these results suggest that verbal confidence statements and numeric confidence ratings ought to be collected from eyewitnesses after an identification decision. Collecting both captures more diagnostic information than either can capture in isolation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"12-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time on task effects during interactive visual search. 交互式视觉搜索中的任务时间效应

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000521

Hayward J Godwin, Simon P Liversedge, Natalie Mestry, Haden Dewis, Nick Donnelly

{"title":"Time on task effects during interactive visual search.","authors":"Hayward J Godwin, Simon P Liversedge, Natalie Mestry, Haden Dewis, Nick Donnelly","doi":"10.1037/xap0000521","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xap0000521","url":null,"abstract":"There is a major shift taking place in airports across the globe, changing from 2D dual-view X-ray screening to 3D computed tomography (CT) screening. 3D CT screening is believed to improve target detection since it enables screeners to interact with images of passenger baggage (i.e., rotating and zooming into the displays). The change in screening technology is moving what was once a purely visual search task to an interactive search task. Here, we conducted two experiments with a large sample size during February of 2023 (695 participants) to examine (a) changes in search performance between a simulated dual-view and simulated interactive search task and (b) the effects of time on task upon performance. Consistent with past research, we found that interactive search, when compared with dual-view search, produced higher response accuracy rates coupled with increased reaction times (RTs). However, while we found effects of time on task (RTs reduced, and participants became more likely to respond \"absent\" as the experiments progressed), there was no evidence that these effects differed across simulated dual-view and simulated interactive searches. The results are discussed in relation to benefits of interactive search for supporting target detection by airport screeners. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":"40-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Merely increasing bids increases charitable donation.

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000531

Erika Weisz, Mina Cikara

引用次数: 0

Childhood poverty and its impact on financial decision making under threat: A preregistered replication of Griskevicius et al. (2011b). 童年贫困及其对受到威胁的财务决策的影响：Griskevicius 等人（2011b）的预登记复制。

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000526

Joe J Gladstone, Meredith Lehman, Mallory Decker

{"title":"Childhood poverty and its impact on financial decision making under threat: A preregistered replication of Griskevicius et al. (2011b).","authors":"Joe J Gladstone, Meredith Lehman, Mallory Decker","doi":"10.1037/xap0000526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000526","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the influence of childhood poverty on financial decision making under threat by replicating the findings of Griskevicius et al. (2011b), which found that individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds tend to make riskier financial decisions and prefer immediate over delayed gratification when exposed to mortality cues. Following an extension of life history theory to individual behaviors, the original research argued that these behaviors reflect a faster and riskier strategy to cope with survival threats. In a preregistered replication using the same procedures and instruments as the original study, we tested this hypothesis with a sample size 14.2 times larger than the original (1,010 vs. 71). We replicated the effect of mortality salience on risk-taking for people who experienced childhood poverty but with a substantially smaller effect size (η² = 0.004 vs. η² = 0.17 in the original). We failed to find any effect on time preferences in contrast to the original study's medium effect size (η² = 0.046). Although our findings partially support the results of Griskevicius et al. (2011b) on poverty and financial decision making, the drastically reduced effect sizes challenge the practical significance of these findings. Our replication results underscore the importance of large sample studies in understanding the effects of childhood socioeconomic status on future life decisions. They also suggest that frameworks beyond life history theory may be needed to reliably capture such relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computer-based voice familiarization, delivered remotely using an online platform, improves speech intelligibility for older and younger adults. 基于计算机的语音熟悉，使用在线平台远程交付，提高了老年人和年轻人的语音清晰度。

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000522

Wansu Zhu, Emma Holmes

{"title":"Computer-based voice familiarization, delivered remotely using an online platform, improves speech intelligibility for older and younger adults.","authors":"Wansu Zhu, Emma Holmes","doi":"10.1037/xap0000522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000522","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding speech in noisy environments is often challenging, but is easier if we are listening to someone familiar-for example, naturally familiar people (e.g., friends, partners) or voices that have been familiarized artificially in the lab. Thus, familiarizing people with voices they regularly encounter (e.g., new friends and colleagues) could improve speech intelligibility in everyday life, which might be particularly useful for people who struggle to comprehend speech in noisy environments, such as older adults. Yet, we do not currently understand whether computer-based voice familiarization is effective when delivered remotely, outside of a lab setting, and whether it is effective for older adults. Here, in an online computer-based study, we examined whether learned voices are more intelligible than unfamiliar voices in 20 older (55-73 years) and 20 younger (18-34 years) adults. Both groups benefited from training, and the magnitude of the intelligibility benefit (approximately 30% improvement in sentence report, or 9 dB release from masking) was similar between groups. These findings demonstrate that older adults can learn new voices as effectively as younger adults for improving speech intelligibility, even given a relatively short (< 1 hr) duration of familiarization that is delivered in the comfort of their own homes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0