Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied最新文献_第10页

The impact of probabilistic tornado warnings on risk perceptions and responses. 概率龙卷风预警对风险认知和反应的影响。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000486.supp

Chao Qin, S. Joslyn, Sonia Savelli, Julie L. Demuth, R. Morss, Kevin D. Ash

{"title":"The impact of probabilistic tornado warnings on risk perceptions and responses.","authors":"Chao Qin, S. Joslyn, Sonia Savelli, Julie L. Demuth, R. Morss, Kevin D. Ash","doi":"10.1037/xap0000486.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000486.supp","url":null,"abstract":"Many warnings issued to members of the public are deterministic in that they do not include event likelihood information. This is true of the current polygon-based tornado warning used by the American National Weather Service, although the likelihood of a tornado varies within the boundaries of the polygon. To test whether adding likelihood information benefits end users, two experimental studies and one in-person interview study were conducted. The experimental studies compared five probabilistic formats, two with color and three with numeric probabilities alone, to the deterministic polygon. In both experiments, probabilistic formats led to better understanding of tornado likelihood and higher trust than the polygon alone, although color-coding led to several misunderstandings. When the polygon boundary was drawn at 10% chance, those using probabilistic formats made fewer correct shelter decisions at low probabilities and more correct shelter decisions at high probabilities compared to those using the deterministic warning, although overall decision quality, operationalized as expected value, did not differ. However, when the polygon boundary was drawn around 30%, participants with probabilistic forecasts had higher expected value. The interview study revealed that, although tornado-experienced individuals would not shelter at 10% chance, they would take intermediate actions, such as information-seeking and sharing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43287304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing the effectiveness of two theory-based strategies to promote cognitive training adherence. 比较两种基于理论的策略促进认知训练依从性的效果。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000485.supp

E. Harrell, N. Roque, W. Boot

{"title":"Comparing the effectiveness of two theory-based strategies to promote cognitive training adherence.","authors":"E. Harrell, N. Roque, W. Boot","doi":"10.1037/xap0000485.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000485.supp","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the effectiveness of two theory-based strategies to promote cognitive training adherence among older adults (Mage = 70 years, SD = 4.42, range = 64-84). Strategies incorporated either (a) elements of implementation intention formation or (b) positive message framing, both of which have been found to promote adherence to health behaviors in other domains. Participants (N = 120) were asked to engage in technology-based cognitive training at home comprised of seven gamified neuropsychological tasks. In Phase 1 (structured), participants were provided a schedule that required engagement in 1 hr of cognitive training 5 days each week over 2 months. In Phase 2 (unstructured), participants were instructed to engage with the intervention as much as they desired for 1 month. Contrary to expectations, neither the implementation intention nor positive message framing produced greater adherence relative to control as measured by the total number of training sessions completed in each phase. However, exploratory analysis indicated a greater likelihood of intervention engagement for participants assigned to the implementation intention condition on many days of the intervention, though the trajectory of engagement decline was similar for all three groups. Measures of cognition, attitudes/personality, and technology proficiency also did not predict adherence over either phase. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45215968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Choose as much as you wish: Freedom cues in the marketplace help consumers feel more satisfied with what they choose and improve customer experience. 随心所欲地选择:市场中的自由提示有助于消费者对他们的选择更满意，并改善客户体验。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000481.supp

B. Fasolo, Raffaella Misuraca, Elena Reutskaja

{"title":"Choose as much as you wish: Freedom cues in the marketplace help consumers feel more satisfied with what they choose and improve customer experience.","authors":"B. Fasolo, Raffaella Misuraca, Elena Reutskaja","doi":"10.1037/xap0000481.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000481.supp","url":null,"abstract":"Consumer satisfaction and customer experience are key predictors of an organization's future market growth, long-term customer loyalty, and profitability but are hard to maintain in marketplaces with abundance of choice. Building on self-determination theory, we experimentally test a novel intervention that leverages consumer need for autonomy. The intervention is a message called a \"freedom cue\" (FC) which makes it salient that consumers can \"choose as much as they wish.\" A 4-week field experiment in a sporting gear store establishes that FCs lead to greater consumer satisfaction compared to when the store displays no FC. A large (N = 669) preregistered process-tracing experiment run with a consumer panel and a global e-commerce company shows that FCs at point-of-sale improve consumer satisfaction and customer experience compared to an equivalent message that does not make freedom to choose any amount salient. Perceived freedom mediates the effect. FCs do not change the time spent or clicks on the website overall but do change the focus of the choice process. FCs lead to greater focus on what is chosen than on what is not chosen. We discuss practical implications for organizations and future research in consumer choice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41399167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supplemental Material for Planning-to-Binge: Time Allocation for Future Media Consumption 计划狂欢的补充材料:未来媒体消费的时间分配

3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000482.supp

引用次数: 0

Perceptual grouping affects students' propensity to make inferences consistent with their misconceptions. 知觉分组影响学生做出与错误观念一致的推论的倾向。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000443

Jingyi Liu, Laura R Novick

{"title":"Perceptual grouping affects students' propensity to make inferences consistent with their misconceptions.","authors":"Jingyi Liu, Laura R Novick","doi":"10.1037/xap0000443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000443","url":null,"abstract":"People have many incorrect beliefs about evolutionary relationships among living things, in part due to the prominence people place on observable similarities as indicators of such. Consider: People think that porpoises and whales are more closely related to manatees than to bison based on their shared aquatic habitat. Our research asked whether it is possible to combat misconceptions using compelling visual representations. Previous research found that the Gestalt principles of perceptual grouping affect reasoning with evolutionary trees. We explored the potential of designing such trees as a \"myth buster\" tool to target biological misconceptions. More specifically, we tested the hypothesis that students would be less likely to make misconception-based inferences when the perceptual grouping of the tree branches strongly, as opposed to weakly, contradicts the misconception. The results of Experiment 1 showed that it is possible to manipulate perceptual grouping such that the tree structures are viewed as more versus less contradictory to a targeted misconception. Experiments 2 and 3 found that grouping manipulations reduced students' propensity to make inferences consistent with their misconceptions for six misconceptions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 2","pages":"322-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9568124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Information processing biases: The effects of negative emotional symptoms on sampling pleasant and unpleasant information. 信息加工偏差:负性情绪症状对愉快和不愉快信息取样的影响。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000450

Steffen A Herff, Ina Dorsheimer, Brigitte Dahmen, Jon B Prince

{"title":"Information processing biases: The effects of negative emotional symptoms on sampling pleasant and unpleasant information.","authors":"Steffen A Herff, Ina Dorsheimer, Brigitte Dahmen, Jon B Prince","doi":"10.1037/xap0000450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000450","url":null,"abstract":"Although theories of emotion associate negative emotional symptoms with cognitive biases in information processing, they rarely specify the details. Here, we characterize cognitive biases in information processing of pleasant and unpleasant information, and how these biases covary with anxious and depressive symptoms, while controlling for general stress and cognitive ability. Forty undergraduates provided emotional symptom scores (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21) and performed a statistical learning task that required predicting the next sound in a long sequence of either pleasant or unpleasant naturalistic sounds (blocks). We used an information weights framework to determine if the degree of behavioral change associated with observing either confirmatory (\"B\" follows \"A\") or disconfirmatory (\"B\" does not follow \"A\") transitions differs for pleasant and unpleasant sounds. Bayesian mixed-effects models revealed that negative emotional symptom scores predicted performance as well as processing biases of pleasant and unpleasant information. Further, information weights differed between pleasant and unpleasant information, and importantly, this difference varied based on symptom scores. For example, higher depressive symptom scores predicted a bias of underutilizing disconfirmatory information in unpleasant content. These findings have implications for models of emotional disorders by offering a mechanistic explanation and formalization of the associated cognitive biases. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 2","pages":"259-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9561218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

When do consumers favor overly precise information about investment returns? 什么时候消费者喜欢过于精确的投资回报信息？

IF 2.7 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000465

Eleonore Batteux, Avri Bilovich, Zarema Khon, Samuel G B Johnson, David Tuckett

引用次数: 0

What determines hindsight bias in written work? One field and three experimental studies in the context of Wikipedia. 是什么决定了书面工作中的后见之明偏见?维基百科背景下的一个领域和三个实验研究。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000445

Marcel Meuer, Steffen Nestler, Aileen Oeberst

{"title":"What determines hindsight bias in written work? One field and three experimental studies in the context of Wikipedia.","authors":"Marcel Meuer, Steffen Nestler, Aileen Oeberst","doi":"10.1037/xap0000445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000445","url":null,"abstract":"Hindsight bias not only occurs in individual perception but in written work (e.g., Wikipedia articles) as well. To avoid the possibility that biased written representations of events distort the views of broad audiences, one needs to understand the factors that determine hindsight bias in written work. Therefore, we tested the effect of three potential determinants: the extent to which an event evokes sense-making motivation, the availability of verifiable causal information regarding the event, and the provision of content policies. We conducted one field study examining real Wikipedia articles (N = 40) and three preregistered experimental studies in which participants wrote or edited articles based on different materials (total N = 720). In each experiment, we systematically varied one determinant. Findings provide further-and even more general-support that Wikipedia articles about various events contain hindsight bias. The magnitude of hindsight bias in written work was contingent on the sense-making motivation and the availability of causal information. We did not find support for the effect of content policies. Findings are in line with causal model theory and suggest that some types and topics of written work might be particularly biased by hindsight (e.g., coverage of disasters, research reports, written expert opinions). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 2","pages":"239-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9925267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mild aggressive behavior and images of real-life violence. 轻微的攻击性行为和现实生活中的暴力画面。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000478

Todd S Sechser, Abigail S Post

引用次数: 0

Imagine distant-future outcome: Mental simulation of COVID-19 vaccinations. 想象一下遥远未来的结果:心理模拟COVID-19疫苗接种。

IF 2.6 3区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/xap0000472

Kosuke Motoki, Toshiki Saito, Yuji Takano

{"title":"Imagine distant-future outcome: Mental simulation of COVID-19 vaccinations.","authors":"Kosuke Motoki, Toshiki Saito, Yuji Takano","doi":"10.1037/xap0000472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000472","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health crisis. Although it has been expected that the vaccination of COVID-19 mitigates the crisis, some people are reluctant to receive the COVID-19 vaccination. Based on the theory of mental simulation and affective forecasting, we investigated how mental simulations influence COVID-19 vaccination intention. Three preregistered experiments were conducted (total n = 970). Experiment 1 tested for whether outcome (vs. process) simulation would increase COVID-19 vaccination intention. Experiment 2 explored whether temporal proximity of simulations (distant-future outcome, near-future outcome, process) modulate the effects of mental simulation on expected emotion and COVID-19 vaccination intention. Experiment 3 examined the role of the number of sensory modalities (multisensory, unisensory) in mental simulations. The result of Experiment 1 (n = 271) demonstrated that outcome (vs. process) simulation of the COVID-19 vaccination led to greater COVID-19 vaccination intention. The result of Experiment 2 (n = 227) revealed that distant-future outcome simulation (vs. near-future outcome simulation, process simulation) increased expected positivity and then enhanced COVID-19 vaccination intention. The result of Experiment 3 (n = 472) also demonstrated that distant-future outcome simulation (vs. near-future outcome simulation, process simulation) increased expected positivity and then enhanced COVID-19 vaccination intention regardless of the number of sensory modalities to be simulated. Our findings reveal how mental simulations influence COVID-19 vaccination intention and provide practical implications for effective health communication strategies for the COVID-19 vaccination intention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48003,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied","volume":"29 2","pages":"207-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9562770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0