Linnea Verhey-Henke, Katherine L. Lev, Morgan McCauley, Nirmal K. Chaudhary, Natalia R. Harris, Salika Safar, Jackson R. Rapala, Teresa R. O’Meara, David H. Sherman, Filipa Pereira
{"title":"Regulator-Guided Strain Prioritization and Genome Engineering Uncovers Concanamycin Analogs","authors":"Linnea Verhey-Henke, Katherine L. Lev, Morgan McCauley, Nirmal K. Chaudhary, Natalia R. Harris, Salika Safar, Jackson R. Rapala, Teresa R. O’Meara, David H. Sherman, Filipa Pereira","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00590","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00590","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bafilomycin and concanamycin analogs (<strong>1</strong>-<strong>3</strong>) are microbial natural products with potent V-ATPase inhibitoryactivity. Despite their promising therapeutic potential, limited accessto these plecomacrolide scaffolds has constrained their broader bioactivityevaluation. Here, we report an integrative approach combining genomemining, strain engineering, and molecular networking to expand thechemical diversity of natural concanamycin analogs. Genome analysisidentified a concanamycin-like biosynthetic gene cluster in <em>Streptomyces humidus</em> with a unique genetic architecture,suggesting that it may encode previously uncharacterized analogs.Coupling strain engineering, untargeted metabolomics, and feature-basedmolecular networking of the engineered <em>S. humidus</em> strain expedited dereplication and visualization of an underexploredsubnetwork of concanamycin-like metabolites. This prioritization strategyenabled the isolation of five known analogs (<strong>4</strong>-<strong>7, 9</strong>) and three new analogs that we termed tanamycin E, X,and F (<strong>10</strong>-<strong>12</strong>). Optimization of cultivationconditions for the engineered <em>S. humidus</em> strain facilitated the isolation of 93.0 mg of TAN-1323 D (<strong>9</strong>) and 24.7 mg of the newly identified compound <strong>10</strong>, per liter of culture. Collectively, this work provides scalablestrategies for accessing and prioritizing new derivatives, overcomingtraditional limitations in the production and discovery of bioactivenatural products.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 8","pages":"2347–2358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobias Blank, Charlie Puth, Annikka Kurz, Moritz Benka, Malik Rakhmanov, Iwanette Du Preez-Bruwer, Davis Mumbengegwi, Dietmar A. Plattner, Bernd Kammerer, Roman Huber, Robin Teufel, Olivier Potterat, Volker M. Lüth
{"title":"Comprehensive Metabolite Profile and Cytotoxic Constituents of Cryptolepis decidua","authors":"Tobias Blank, Charlie Puth, Annikka Kurz, Moritz Benka, Malik Rakhmanov, Iwanette Du Preez-Bruwer, Davis Mumbengegwi, Dietmar A. Plattner, Bernd Kammerer, Roman Huber, Robin Teufel, Olivier Potterat, Volker M. Lüth","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00033","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Root extracts of <em>Cryptolepis decidua</em> are used in the traditional medicine of South-West Africa to treat various conditions. Here, we report the potent cytotoxic activity of a methanol root extract against a human adenocarcinomic cell line, which prompted us to establish a comprehensive metabolite profile. Overall, six previously undescribed compounds were isolated from this extract by a combination of open-column chromatography, centrifugal partition chromatography and preparative HPLC. They include two sarmentogenin-type cardenolides (<strong>2</strong> and <strong>3</strong>), an androstane lactone (<strong>5</strong>), two dinormonoterpenoid diglucosides, dinosides A and B (<strong>9</strong> and <strong>10</strong>), and a quinic acid derivative (<strong>12</strong>). In addition, six previously reported constituents were identified (<strong>1</strong>, <strong>4</strong>, <strong>6</strong>−<strong>8</strong>, <strong>11</strong>). The structures of the isolates were elucidated using HPLC-MS<sup>2/3</sup>, HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopy. Feature-based molecular networking was used to map a comprehensive metabolite profile. The cytotoxic activity of the methanol extract was evaluated by WST-1 cell-viability assays, apoptosis/necrosis tests, and cell-cycle analyses. Cardenolides <strong>1</strong>−<strong>3</strong> were identified as the primary cytotoxic agents, exhibiting IC<sub>50</sub> values of 0.25 μM (<strong>1</strong>), 2.20 μM (<strong>2</strong>), and 0.28 μM (<strong>3</strong>) in A549 human lung epithelial cancer cells, and 0.41 μM (<strong>1</strong>), 2.31 μM (<strong>2</strong>), and 0.39 μM (<strong>3</strong>) against peripheral blood mononuclear cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 9","pages":"34–49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniela Rebollar-Ramos, Cheng-Lei Wang, Simon Vlad Luca, J. Brent Friesen, Marlos A. G. Viana, James B. McAlpine, Shao-Nong Chen, Guy Harris, Guido F. Pauli
{"title":"Purity of Natural Products: Meta Analysis and Current Status─AnaPurNa 2.0","authors":"Daniela Rebollar-Ramos, Cheng-Lei Wang, Simon Vlad Luca, J. Brent Friesen, Marlos A. G. Viana, James B. McAlpine, Shao-Nong Chen, Guy Harris, Guido F. Pauli","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00618","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Building on the 2012 study “<em>Analysis and Purification of Bioactive Natural Products</em>”, this work furtherexplores the essential aspects that impact the purity and utilityof contemporary natural product (NP) isolates. Recent advancementsin FAIR data sharing enabled a secondary (“meta”) analysisof the raw NMR spectra of 100 NPs selected randomly to assess theirpurity using quantitative NMR (qNMR). First, all 100 NPs were analyzedvia rapid integration-based qNMR. Second, a detailed qNMR analysisof ten representative NPs involving impurity assignments and spreadsheetannotation was performed and coverage probabilities generated usingthe NIST uncertainty machine. The average purity of the isolates was∼84% (±5%), equivalent to impurity levels of 16 (11−21)%.Outcomes show that <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra acquired primarily forstructure determination are adequate for purity analysis. Considerationof all observed peak patterns made purity determinations cohesiveand permitted an estimation of impurity identities. With proper instructionsin place, the methodology became robust to the point that differentparticipants generated congruent results. Guidelines for purity determinationwith relative (100%-based) qNMR methodology are presented. Furtherreflection on the results indicates the need for critical scrutinyof current practices of extraction, isolation, and purification involvedin bioactive NP discovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 8","pages":"2384–2395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148858961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuodong Sun, Brandon Wong, Sydney Choi, Camron Neville, Zuwei Wang, Yi Tang
{"title":"Genome Mining of the Biocontrol Fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 Led to the Discovery of Dehydrobutyrine-Containing Lipopeptides","authors":"Zuodong Sun, Brandon Wong, Sydney Choi, Camron Neville, Zuwei Wang, Yi Tang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elucidating natural products encoded by cryptic biosyntheticgeneclusters (BGCs) in agriculturally important biocontrol fungi suchas <em>Trichoderma afroharzianum</em> T22 (ThT22)could lead to the discovery of new compounds that may be exploredas potential agrochemicals. Herein, we discovered new lipopeptidenatural products, trichopeptide A–D, via genome mining andheterologous reconstitution of the <em>tep</em> BGC from ThT22.Comprehensive NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), tandemmass spectrometry (MS/MS), Marfey’s analysis, and chemicalsynthesis experiments established the structures of trichopeptidesas linear pentapeptides acylated with a conjugated triene acid atthe N-terminus. A notable structural feature of trichopeptides isthe presence of a nonproteinogenic amino acid residue, (<em>Z</em>)-dehydrobutyrine, in the linear peptide. The residue is proposedto be derived from threonine by the action of a noncanonical dehydratingcondensation domain (<sup>Dh</sup>C) in the nonribosomal peptide synthetase(NRPS) TepB. This represents only the second example in which a fungalNRPS is responsible for the biosynthesis of dehydroamino acids ina peptide product. Our results expand the chemical inventory of anagriculturally important fungus and pave the way for the future investigationof possible plant–ThT22 interactions mediated by lipopeptides.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 8","pages":"2396–2404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladimir Maslivetc, Susana Tejeda-Garibay, Adeola Fagbayibo, James J. La Clair, Katrina K. Hoyer, Joseph P. Noel
{"title":"Persenone A from Avocados Exhibits Potent Anti-Fungal Activity against Coccidioides","authors":"Vladimir Maslivetc, Susana Tejeda-Garibay, Adeola Fagbayibo, James J. La Clair, Katrina K. Hoyer, Joseph P. Noel","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00464","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00464","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coccidioidomycosis, or Valley fever, is a fungal respiratorydiseasecaused by <em>Coccidioides immitis</em> or <em>Coccidioides posadasii</em>. Clinical manifestations rangefrom asymptomatic infection to chronic pulmonary disease. Despitethe increasing endemic range and affected population, therapeuticstrategies display moderate efficacy and adverse side effects. Thisstudy explores California’s rich botanical diversity as a sourcefor agents that inhibit the early stages of <em>Coccidioides</em> development. We established a screening protocol containing a colorimetricmetabolism assay and microscopic imaging. We then applied this protocolto extracts derived from local plants in San Diego, California, anddiscovered a potent inhibitor, persenone A, from avocados.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 8","pages":"2421–2428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4-Acyl-5-aminoimidazole Alkaloids from a Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. OUCMDZ-944","authors":"Yue Liu, Bowei Wen, Guoliang Zhu, Shikui Jian, Yukang Gao, Linmeng Chen, Ning Li, Weiming Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00591","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00591","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thirteen new 4-acyl-5-amino-1<em>H</em>-imidazolealkaloids(<strong>1–13</strong>) were identified from cultures producedby the marine-derived <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. OUCMDZ-944using feature-based molecular networking (FBMN)-guided isolation.Notably, compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong> were identifiedas phenyl-containing derivatives, specifically 5-amino-4-phenylpropionylimidazole(<strong>1</strong>) and 5-amino-4-phenylbutyrylimidazole (<strong>2</strong>). Ten isolates (<strong>4</strong>–<strong>13</strong>) are hydroxylated,with compound <strong>13</strong> being identified as a novel dimericanalogue. Furthermore, five methylated derivatives, <strong>1a</strong>, <strong>4a</strong>, <strong>4b</strong>, <strong>17a</strong>, and <strong>17b</strong>, were synthesized. In an in vitro depression model, compounds <strong>1</strong>, <strong>4</strong>, <strong>4a</strong>, <strong>4b</strong>, <strong>8</strong>, <strong>16</strong>, and <strong>17b</strong> were found to significantlyreduce IL-1β levels, while compounds <strong>1</strong>, <strong>1a</strong>, <strong>4b</strong>, and <strong>10</strong> notably reversed the corticosterone-induceddecrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, suggestinga potential antidepressant-like activity. In the zebrafish anxietymodel, compounds <strong>1</strong>, <strong>1a</strong>, <strong>4b</strong>, <strong>16</strong>, and <strong>17b</strong> significantly enhanced spontaneouslocomotor activity, reduced thigmotaxis behavior, and increased timespent in the inner zone under various lighting conditions, demonstratingclear anxiolytic-like effects. These five compounds were identifiedas promising lead candidates with dual anxiolytic and antidepressantpotential.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 8","pages":"2359–2372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148429392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edward S. Hems, Joseph A. Wright, Sergey A. Nepogodiev, Rebecca Devine, Corinne J. Arnold, David L. Hughes, Julia E. A. Mundy, Sandra Eltschkner, David M. Lawson, Matthew I. Hutchings, Barrie Wilkinson
{"title":"Using X-ray Crystallography and 1,n-ADEQUATE NMR to Revise the Structures of Highly Substituted Aromatic Natural Products: The Absolute Configuration of Formicamycin Congeners","authors":"Edward S. Hems, Joseph A. Wright, Sergey A. Nepogodiev, Rebecca Devine, Corinne J. Arnold, David L. Hughes, Julia E. A. Mundy, Sandra Eltschkner, David M. Lawson, Matthew I. Hutchings, Barrie Wilkinson","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00145","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Formicamycins and their biosynthetic precursors, the fasamycins, form part of the phenylnaphthacenoid family of polyketide natural products. A recent atroposelective total synthesis of formicamycin H brought into question our original stereochemical assignment of the axially chiral linkage between C-6 and C-7. To address this, we obtained an X-ray crystal structure for formicamycin H that unambiguously confirmed our original assignment as the <em>S</em><sub>a</sub> atropisomer. X-ray structures for multiple additional fasamycins and formicamycins confirmed that this is common to all congeners. However, these studies identified a compounded error made by us whereby several structures previously reported as <em>para</em>-methoxy were found to have <em>ortho</em>-methoxy groups on the hanging E-ring. To address this for congeners that did not crystallize or gave nondiffracting crystals, we turned to the surprisingly underutilized 1,<em>n</em>-ADEQUATE NMR experiment. In total, we generated X-ray structures for 15 phenylnaphthacenoid metabolites and by combining these results report the corrected structures for three formicamycins, six fasamycins, and three biosynthetic lactone intermediates, noting that several revised fasamycin structures now match previously reported naphthacemycins. Our results highlight the utility of 1,<em>n</em>-ADEQUATE experiments for regiochemical determination in polysubstituted aromatic molecules. Moreover, our investigations uncovered a potential deracemization step during biosynthesis of the formicamycin framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 9","pages":"66–80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian-Kai Xia, Lei-Ming Wu, Wei-Ye Wu, Shu-Qi Wu, Lei Li, Ming-Ju Wen, Jia-Luo Huang, Lu Gan, Yun-Yun Chen, Zhang-Hua Sun, Sheng Yin, Mary Beth Harig
{"title":"Strophioglanes A−E and (±)-Trigoxyphin K, ent-Cleistanthane Diterpenoids from Strophioblachia glandulosa var. cordifolia","authors":"Jian-Kai Xia, Lei-Ming Wu, Wei-Ye Wu, Shu-Qi Wu, Lei Li, Ming-Ju Wen, Jia-Luo Huang, Lu Gan, Yun-Yun Chen, Zhang-Hua Sun, Sheng Yin, Mary Beth Harig","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00053","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seven unusual <em>ent</em>-cleistanthane diterpenoids, strophioglanes A−E (<strong>1</strong>−<strong>5</strong>) and (±)-trigoxyphin K (<strong>6a</strong> and <strong>6b</strong>), along with 10 known analogues (<strong>7</strong>−<strong>16</strong>), were isolated from <em>Strophioblachia glandulosa</em> var. <em>cordifolia</em> using LC−MS/MS-based molecular networking. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic techniques, ECD calculations, and X-ray crystallography. Compounds <strong>1</strong>−<strong>5</strong>, featuring a rare 6/6/6/3 fused tetracyclic skeleton, represent a class of 13,15-cyclo-<em>ent</em>-cleistanthane diterpenoids, while <strong>6a</strong> and <strong>6b</strong> are a pair of highly rearranged <em>tetranor</em>-<em>ent</em>-cleistanthane enantiomers with a rare 7/6 fused bicyclic core. Biologically, <strong>1</strong> and <strong>6b</strong> showed significant neuroprotective activity against the sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced damage in PC-12 cells, with activity comparable to that of the clinical drug edaravone. Mechanistic investigations revealed that compound <strong>1</strong> exerted this activity via attenuating oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 9","pages":"50–58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147519365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yirong Zhang, Chenyang Ma, Lili Wang, Yuan Li, Yuzhe Lin, Zekun Yang, Changxian Yuan, Guanxiang Hao, Linyuan Wang, Hongjing Li, Nan Sun, Zhangxiang Yin, Yong Nian, Sinan Wang, Mary Beth
{"title":"Synthesis of Carborane-Containing Flavone and Flavonol Analogues as ER Agonists and COX Inhibitors","authors":"Yirong Zhang, Chenyang Ma, Lili Wang, Yuan Li, Yuzhe Lin, Zekun Yang, Changxian Yuan, Guanxiang Hao, Linyuan Wang, Hongjing Li, Nan Sun, Zhangxiang Yin, Yong Nian, Sinan Wang, Mary Beth","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01639","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c01639","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flavones and flavonols are natural products and privileged structures with diverse bioactivities. Carboranes are considered three-dimensional bioisosteric surrogate for phenyl rings. Herein, the terminal phenyl group of flavones and flavonols was replaced with carborane and a series of carborane-containing flavone and flavonol analogues were successfully prepared. These compounds exhibited estrogen receptor (ER) agonist activities. Compound <strong>1</strong> showed an EC<sub>50</sub> of 0.87 ± 0.07 μM for ERα and a selectivity of 12.8-fold toward ERβ. These compounds also showed moderate inhibitory activities towards COX-1 and COX-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 9","pages":"25–33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Syntheses of Phytotoxic and Phytohormone Lignan Coumarin Derivatives","authors":"Rika Miki, Noa Ueda, Hisashi Nishiwaki, Masato Abe, Shigeki Mori, Hisako Sato, Satoshi Yamauchi","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00219","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00219","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phytotoxic and/or phytohormone-like compounds were synthesized by constructions of the 8,8′-lignan structures, followed by cyclizing one of phenylpropanoid units into a coumarin moiety. Since these lignans have two stereogenic centers, four stereoisomers were synthesized. The configurations of the products were confirmed by X-ray analyses and VCD analyses. Examination of plant growth regulatory activities revealed that the (7′<em>R</em>, 8′<em>R</em>)-stereoisomer was a potent growth inhibitor of ryegrass seedlings. Derivatives with the (7′<em>R</em>, 8′<em>R</em>)-configuration and different substituents at the aromatic rings were also synthesized. Structure−activity relationships revealed that a 7-OCH<sub>3</sub> derivative was the most potent growth inhibitor of ryegrass seedlings (shoots: IC<sub>50</sub> = 15.4 μM, roots: IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.73 μM). Moreover, an 8-OCH<sub>3</sub> derivative was a more potent germination inhibitor than coumarin. Some synthetic derivatives displayed phytohormone-like activity, promoting growth at low concentrations and inhibiting growth at high concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"89 9","pages":"81–92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}