Yan Cheng, Davlat Akramov, Lola Yakhshilikova, Chengwei Zhu, Jie Lu, Jin Suo, Santhosh Pugazh, Hongjian Qin, Safomuddin Abduahadi, Jishan Qin, Tianwen Hu, Jingshan Shen, Feipu Yang, Haji A Aisa
{"title":"Structural Similarity in Natural Products Leading to Sample Misidentification: A Case Study of the Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Oxyacanthine and Berbamine.","authors":"Yan Cheng, Davlat Akramov, Lola Yakhshilikova, Chengwei Zhu, Jie Lu, Jin Suo, Santhosh Pugazh, Hongjian Qin, Safomuddin Abduahadi, Jishan Qin, Tianwen Hu, Jingshan Shen, Feipu Yang, Haji A Aisa","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01109","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The similar structures of natural compounds and the absence of NMR data for commercial products raise the risk of misidentification. This work reports a case in which purchased samples labeled as \"berbamine\" from 14 suppliers are oxyacanthine (<b>1</b>). The NMR data of all purchased samples were consistent. The X-ray crystallography characterization of one sample revealed it to be <b>1</b>. The NMR data of <b>1</b> were fully assigned for the first time. Berbamine (<b>2</b>) was isolated from the roots of <i>Berberis sieboldii</i> Miq. The NMR data of <b>2</b> were assigned, and its crystal structure was reported for the first time. The authors intend to raise awareness and support the academic/industrial community through a study of this misidentification case.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142941396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uncovering Hericenones from the Fruiting Bodies of <i>Hericium erinaceus</i> through Interdisciplinary Collaboration.","authors":"Junhong Wang, Jing Wu, Ryo Yamaguchi, Kaoru Nagai, Chengwei Liu, Jae-Hoon Choi, Hirofumi Hirai, Xiaonan Xie, Shoji Kobayashi, Hirokazu Kawagishi","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01018","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Hericium erinaceus</i> is an edible and medicinal mushroom. Previously, we found hericenones C-H from the fruiting bodies and erinacines A-I from the mycelia of the fungus. These compounds stimulated nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>; some have been suggested to be effective in the prevention and treatment of dementia. Recently, the total synthesis of hericenones C-H and their derivatives (<b>1</b>-<b>4</b>) was reported by one of the authors. We considered that the chemical synthetic route would also be reasonable as a biosynthetic pathway of the compounds. Based on the hypothesis, we investigated the endogenous existence of synthetic intermediates and products of the chemical synthesis in the fruiting bodies. The <i>n</i>-hexane-soluble part of the fruiting bodies of <i>H. erinaceus</i> was fractionated, and all the fractions were subjected to a product ion scan and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analysis by LC-MS/MS and compared to the authentic synthesized compounds. The analysis indicated the endogenous existence of <b>1</b>-<b>4</b> and the dehydrated form of <b>2</b> or <b>3</b>. The dehydrated form was elucidated to be (<i>Z</i>)-<b>5</b> by chemical synthesis, and a plausible biosynthetic pathway was proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yukyung Choi, Yeongseo Kim, Jin Wook Cha, Gyu Sung Lee, Huong T Pham, Men Thi Ngo, Saegun Kim, Chung Sub Kim, Kyo Bin Kang
{"title":"Iodide Enhances the Production of Pseurotin D over Pseurotin A by Inverting the Preference for the S<sub>N</sub>2 versus the S<sub>N</sub>2' Product in the Final Nonenzymatic Step.","authors":"Yukyung Choi, Yeongseo Kim, Jin Wook Cha, Gyu Sung Lee, Huong T Pham, Men Thi Ngo, Saegun Kim, Chung Sub Kim, Kyo Bin Kang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01128","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonenzymatic reactions, though critical in natural product biosynthesis, are significantly challenging to control. Adding 3% NaI to the culture medium of <i>Penicillium janczewskii</i> significantly increased pseurotin D (<b>1</b>) production and decreased pseurotin A (<b>2</b>) production. Previously, <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were suggested to be produced via a nonenzymatic reaction, where the epoxide at C-10 undergoes S<sub>N</sub>2 (<b>2</b>) or S<sub>N</sub>2' (<b>1</b>) reactions. We confirmed that <b>1</b> was isolated as a 1:1 mixture of C-13 epimers by spectral elucidation via CP3 analysis aided by selective excitation NMR methods, which supported that <b>1</b> was produced through a nonenzymatic S<sub>N</sub>2' reaction. We propose that NaI increased the ratio of <b>1</b> by causing steric hindrance at the C-11 position of the transient intermediate, which makes C-13 more preferred in the S<sub>N</sub>2/S<sub>N</sub>2' competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"199-204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehdi Haghdoost, Yvonne DePorre, Max Figi, Scott Young, Caitlyn Krebs, Marcel O Bonn-Miller
{"title":"An Unexpected Activity of a Minor Cannabinoid: Cannabicyclol (CBL) Is a Potent Positive Allosteric Modulator of Serotonin 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> Receptor.","authors":"Mehdi Haghdoost, Yvonne DePorre, Max Figi, Scott Young, Caitlyn Krebs, Marcel O Bonn-Miller","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00977","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabicyclol ((±)-CBL), a minor phytocannabinoid, is largely unexplored, with its biological activity previously undocumented. We studied its conversion from cannabichromene (CBC) using various acidic catalysts. Montmorillonite (K30) in chloroform at room temperature had the highest yield (60%) with minimal byproducts. Key reaction conditions, such as solvent, temperature, and time, significantly impacted the yield. The structure of (±)-CBL was confirmed via X-ray crystallography. Stability studies showed that (±)-CBL and its MCT oil dilution remain stable at 25-40 °C for three months. Radioligand binding assays revealed high affinity of CBL for the 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor but weak interaction with CB<sub>1</sub> and CB<sub>2</sub> receptors. At 10 μM and 1 μM, (±)-CBL inhibited [<sup>3</sup>H]-8-hydroxy-DPAT binding to 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> by 75% and 20%, respectively. Functional assays showed that (±)-CBL acts as a weak agonist at high concentrations but a potent positive allosteric modulator of serotonin-induced activation at low concentrations. At 4 μM, (±)-CBL increased serotonin-induced β-arrestin recruitment from 20% to 80%. This unique modulatory profile highlights the potential of (±)-CBL in drug discovery targeting serotonin receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gerald Bills, Gordon M. Cragg, Olga Genilloud, David J. Newman and Gino M. Salituro,
{"title":"Editorial for the Special Issue in Honor of Sheo Singh","authors":"Gerald Bills, Gordon M. Cragg, Olga Genilloud, David J. Newman and Gino M. Salituro, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c0140310.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01403https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":"88 1","pages":"1–2 1–2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143089601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura L Sallandt, Clemens A Wolf, Sabine Schuster, Heike Enke, Dan Enke, Gerhard Wolber, Timo H J Niedermeyer
{"title":"Derivatization of Microcystins Can Increase Target Inhibition while Reducing Cellular Uptake.","authors":"Laura L Sallandt, Clemens A Wolf, Sabine Schuster, Heike Enke, Dan Enke, Gerhard Wolber, Timo H J Niedermeyer","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00688","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystins, a large family of nonribosomal cyclic heptapeptides known for their hepatotoxicity, are among the best-studied cyanobacterial toxins. Recently, they have been discussed as leads for the development of anticancer drug substances. Their main mode-of-action is inhibition of the eukaryotic serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. Unlike many cytotoxins that can cross cell membranes by passive diffusion, microcystins depend on active uptake via organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B1 or 1B3. Both phosphatase inhibition and transportability strongly depend on the structure of the individual microcystin. Here, we present how chemical modification of positions 2 and 4 of the microcystin core structure can alter these two properties. Aiming to reduce transportability and increase phosphatase inhibition, we used pharmacophore modeling to investigate the phosphatase inhibition potential of microcystins derivatized with small molecules containing a variety of functional groups. The respective derivatives were synthesized using click chemistry. We discovered that some derivatized microcystins can address a yet undescribed subpocket of the protein phosphatase 1. The derivatized microcystins were tested for phosphatase 1 inhibition and cytotoxicity on transporter-expressing cell lines, revealing that target inhibition and transportability of microcystins can independently be influenced by the physicochemical properties, especially of the residue located in position 2 of the microcystin. Derivatization with small acids or amino acids resulted in microcystins with a favorable ratio of inhibition to transportability, making these derivatives potentially suitable for drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical Basis of the Traditional Ayurvedic Detoxification Process of the Toxic Medicinal Plant <i>Plumbago zeylanica</i>.","authors":"Ankur Kumar Tanwar, Debanjan Chatterjee, Neha Jain, Shivam Sharma, Kulbhushan Tikoo, Inder Pal Singh","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00975","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain medicinal plants utilized in the traditional ayurvedic system are poisonous when used raw, but are used following a detoxification process. The Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI) provides details about these detoxification (known as \"sodhana\") processes as per traditional procedures. This research endeavor aimed to uncover the fundamental principles underlying the detoxification approach applied to <i>Plumbago zeylanica</i>, commonly referred to as \"swet chitrak\", in which plumbagin is the primary toxic constituent. Both unprocessed and processed (detoxified) extracts as well as the detoxification media were subjected to analysis for secondary metabolites using different analytical techniques. This investigation revealed a reduction in plumbagin content, its conversion to epoxyplumbagin and zeylanone and a noteworthy decrease in <i>cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-isoshinanolone during detoxification. Furthermore, it was confirmed that pure plumbagin when subjected to the same detoxification conditions, is partially converted into epoxyplumbagin, and that <i>cis</i> and <i>trans</i>-isoshinanolone showed interconversion. The current work establishes the chemical basis of the age-old traditional ayurvedic process of detoxification of <i>P. zeylanica</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142925811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Negin Khatibi, Yen-Hua Huang, Conan K Wang, Thomas Durek, Edward K Gilding, David J Craik
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Insecticidal Cyclotides from <i>Viola communis</i>.","authors":"Negin Khatibi, Yen-Hua Huang, Conan K Wang, Thomas Durek, Edward K Gilding, David J Craik","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00168","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyclotides are cysteine-rich plant-derived peptides composed of 28-37 amino acids with a head-to-tail cyclic backbone and a knotted arrangement of three conserved disulfide bonds. Their beneficial biophysical properties make them promising molecules for pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. The Violaceae plant family is the major cyclotide-producing family, and to date, every examined plant from this family has been found to contain cyclotides. The presence of cyclotides in <i>Viola communis</i> was inferred by mass spectroscopy previously, but their sequences and properties had yet to be explored. In this study, the occurrence of cyclotides in this plant was investigated using proteomics and transcriptomics. Twenty cyclotides were identified at the peptide level, including two new members from the bracelet (Vcom1) and Möbius (Vcom2) subfamilies. Structural analysis of these newly identified peptides demonstrated a similar fold compared with cyclotides from the same respective subfamilies. Biological assays of Vcom1 and Vcom2 revealed them to be cytotoxic to Sf9 insect cell lines, with Vcom1 demonstrating higher potency than Vcom2. The results suggest that they could be further explored as insecticidal agents and confirm earlier general findings that bracelet cyclotides have more potent insecticidal activity than their Möbius relatives. Seven new cyclotide-like sequences were observed in the transcriptome of <i>V. communis</i>, highlighting the Violaceae as a rich source for new cyclotides with potential insecticidal activity. An analysis of sequences flanking the cyclotide domain in the various precursors from <i>V. communis</i> and other Violaceae plants revealed new insights into cyclotide processing and suggested the possibility of two alternative classes of N-terminal processing enzymes for cyclotide biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"24-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140920306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao-Qi Duan, Xin-Yu Wang, Huai-Chang Qi, Yi-Jie Zhai, Wen-Bo Han
{"title":"Neuroprotective Indole Alkaloids from the Soil-Derived Fungus <i>Trichocladium</i> sp. XZ8.","authors":"Xiao-Qi Duan, Xin-Yu Wang, Huai-Chang Qi, Yi-Jie Zhai, Wen-Bo Han","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01250","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A chemical investigation of the soil-derived fungus <i>Trichocladium</i> sp. XZ8 led to the isolation of five new indole alkaloids, trichindoles A-E (<b>1</b>-<b>5</b>), with diverse architectures, along with seven known analogues (<b>6</b>-<b>12</b>). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, and their absolute configurations were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher's method. Compound <b>1</b> is a polyketide-alkaloid hybrid incorporating a rare succinimide motif, and compound <b>2</b> represents the first example of a dimeric isopentenyl indole-containing alkaloid bridged by a propane-1,2-diol moiety. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>4</b>, <b>8</b>, <b>11</b>, and <b>12</b> showed significant neuroprotective effects against RSL3-induced ferroptosis in PC12 cells at 10 μM. Moreover, <b>1</b> and <b>4</b> might ameliorate RSL3-induced ferroptosis through the regulation of the SLC7A11 pathway and ferritinophagy, suggesting their potential as promising lead compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"175-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142963281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Paradox of Antimalarial Terpenoid Isonitrile Biosynthesis Explained. Proposal of Cyanoformate as an NC Delivery Vector.","authors":"Tadeusz F Molinski","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01295","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c01295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine sponge diterpenoid isonitriles are exceptional nitrogenous natural products that exhibit antiplasmodial activity. Their biosynthesis presents a biosynthetic puzzle: how do the elements of NC engage terpenyl carbocations in isoprenoid secondary metabolism, and what is the biosynthetic precursor of the NC group? Cyanoformic acid (NC-COOH, <b>B1</b>) is proposed as a plausible delivery vehicle of NC that resolves a paradox in the commonly held proposition that an inorganic cyanide anion, CN<sup>-</sup>, terminates terpenoid isonitrile (TI) biosynthesis. DFT calculations of NC-COOH and its conjugate base, cyanoformate, NC-COO<sup>-</sup> (<b>B2</b>), support high nucleophilicity at N and explain bond-forming constitutionality: attack at N and formation of an isonitrile over its nitrile isomer. TI biogenesis is compared to the cyanoformamide-containing ceratamines that arise from oxidation of a terminal <i>N</i>-Gly amide precursor. A unifying model links C-NC vs C-CN bond formation and places Gly at the center of both biosynthetic schemes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":"205-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}