N. Fouad, Stephanie G. Burrows, Christian Avery, Gabriel N. Ezema
{"title":"Changes in U.S. Workers’ Values and Satisfaction After COVID-19","authors":"N. Fouad, Stephanie G. Burrows, Christian Avery, Gabriel N. Ezema","doi":"10.1177/10690727231194786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231194786","url":null,"abstract":"The collective changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic impacting both individual workers and their environment suggest that changes occurred in workers’ person-environment fit. Drawing from the Theory of Work Adjustment and job crafting theory to examine how the pandemic may have shifted workers’ needs and the environmental reinforcers that lead to satisfaction, the purpose of this study was to explore how members of the U.S. workforce have adapted to the personal and environmental changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 439 participants were recruited through Prolific to participate in the study. Regression analyses were conducted to predict workers’ changes in values, occupational reinforcers, P-E fit, and adjustment styles. Results indicated (a) that participants who changed jobs during the pandemic reported greater job satisfaction with their new position, (b) that some work values changed for participants, and (c) that workers engaged in job crafting and distinct types of adjustment to increase satisfaction during the pandemic. Implications for future research and applications for career development professionals are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46885015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Longitudinal Examination of Four Processual Mechanisms in Career Decision Making","authors":"Hui Xu","doi":"10.1177/10690727231194051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231194051","url":null,"abstract":"The dual-process theory of career decision making (DTC) proposes four processual mechanisms that explain the career decision-making process and outcomes. Although research has examined the validity of the four processual mechanisms using a cross-sectional dataset in China, the roles of the four mechanisms in career decision making cannot be fully established without longitudinal and cross-cultural analyses. Using a sample of U.S. college students ( n = 206), the current study examined the validity of the four processual mechanisms in explaining the joint operation of five major decision-making difficulties with subsequent career decidedness as the criterion. The results supported not only the standalone mechanisms of managing state and persistent decision uncertainty but also the joint mechanisms from managing state (persistent) uncertainty to managing persistent (state) uncertainty. Therefore, the current study adds evidence to the DTC, particularly regarding the scientific and practical necessity of differentiating between state and persistent decision uncertainty and between reducing uncertainty and reducing the threat of uncertainty. Additionally, the current study offers interesting implications for the interplay of major decision difficulties across different sociocultural contexts of China and the U.S.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47415658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictors of Work Fulfillment and General Well-Being in Workers With Chiari Malformation: The Importance of Decent Work","authors":"D. M. Tokar, Ryan D. Duffy, K. Kaut","doi":"10.1177/10690727231190630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231190630","url":null,"abstract":"This study extended research on Psychology of Working Theory (PWT) by examining the connection of decent work to work fulfillment and general well-being in 346 predominantly U.S. adult workers diagnosed with Chiari malformation (CM), a chronic health condition involving a structural malformation affecting the posterior region and base of the skull, and commonly presenting with chronic head and neck pain and related physical (e.g., fatigue) and psychological (e.g., anxiety, depression) complications. Participants completed an online survey containing measures of PWT’s outcomes of decent work constructs as well as the domain-specific marginalization constructs of condition severity and workplace limitations. Results of structural equation modeling analyses supported 12 of 19 hypotheses. Decent work directly and positively predicted survival, social contribution, and self-determination needs; social contribution and self-determination needs directly and positively predicted work fulfillment; survival and self-determination needs directly and positively predicted general well-being; decent work indirectly (via social contribution and self-determination needs) and positively predicted work fulfillment and indirectly (via survival and self-determination needs) and positively predicted general well-being; and condition severity directly and negatively predicted general well-being. Consistent with PWT, attaining decent work contributes to meeting needs for survival, social contribution, and self-determination, which in turn contributes to greater work fulfillment and general well-being in workers with CM.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43737548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting-Yu Wang, Yaoyao Zhang, Juan Wang, Hualing Miao, Cheng Guo
{"title":"Career Decision Self-Efficacy Mediates Social Support and Career Adaptability and Stage Differences","authors":"Ting-Yu Wang, Yaoyao Zhang, Juan Wang, Hualing Miao, Cheng Guo","doi":"10.1177/10690727231189466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231189466","url":null,"abstract":"Based on social cognitive career theory model of career self-management, this study explored the mediating roles of career decision self-efficacy (CDSE) between diverse sources of social support and adolescents’ career adaptability. Additionally, the effects of stage differences on career adaptability were also examined. A questionnaire was used to survey 1,268 Chinese adolescents to test the study hypotheses. The findings indicated that family support, friend support, and teacher support could influence adolescents' career adaptability either directly or indirectly via CDSE and that teacher support had the largest effect on adolescents’ career adaptability compared to family support and friend support. In addition, the effects of diverse sources of social support on CDSE and career adaptability differed among junior high school and senior high school students. These results indicate the importance of contextual and individual cognitive factors on adolescent career development. Suggestions for future research and practice are also proposed.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46237276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decent Work and Self Determination Needs: Exploring Relational Workplace Civility as a Moderator","authors":"Camille M. Smith, B. Allan, David L. Blustein","doi":"10.1177/10690727231186768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231186768","url":null,"abstract":"Psychology of working theory (PWT) posits that having decent work, or work that meets the minimum necessary standards to promote adequate work lives, predicts whether one’s self-determination needs are met (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). While this proposition is well supported in the literature, examining moderators of these relations would advance theory by identifying who is able to benefit from decent work. Therefore, the current study examined workplace relational civility (WRC) as a potential moderator of decent work and self-determination needs among a large sample of working adults. Results were consistent with previous literature in that higher levels of decent work predicted greater self-determination need fulfillment. Furthermore, WRC significantly moderated the relations from decent work to relatedness and competence. Specifically, decent work had a stronger relation to both needs when WRC was low, suggesting that people working in relationally toxic work environments derive greater benefit from decent work.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43668600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outcomes of Decent Work Among Blue-Collar Workers in South Africa: The Role of Job Satisfaction","authors":"E. Koekemoer, A. Masenge","doi":"10.1177/10690727231187639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231187639","url":null,"abstract":"Vocational research using the psychology of working theory (PWT) is increasing. Still, empirical studies testing the hypothesized relationships among this theory’s intended target group (e.g., working class or blue-collar workers) are scant. Given the context of South Africa, and drawing on the PWT, this study adds to career literature by illustrating the indirect effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between decent work and two work-related outcomes (i.e., subjective career success and turnover intention) among a sample of South African blue-collar workers. Our results confirmed the bifactor five-factor structure for decent work among a sample of blue-collar workers in South Africa. Specifically, we contribute to existing knowledge about the outcome portion of the PWT model within non-western contexts, by illustrating the direct relationship of decent work with two outcomes i.e., subjective career success and turnover intention and provide evidence for the indirect effect of job satisfaction in these relationships.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46220159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan D. Duffy, Y. Choi, Haram J. Kim, Junsang Park
{"title":"Recommendations for Conceptualizing and Measuring Constructs Within Psychology of Working Theory","authors":"Ryan D. Duffy, Y. Choi, Haram J. Kim, Junsang Park","doi":"10.1177/10690727231179196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231179196","url":null,"abstract":"Psychology of Working Theory (PWT) has been increasingly adopted by counseling and vocational psychologists since its inception in 2016, and approximately 100 quantitative studies to date have tested various propositions of the Theory. As a relatively new theory, there has been lack of consistency in how the main constructs are conceptualized and measured by scholars, thus limiting further application of PWT. The following paper is aimed at addressing this inconsistency by providing a guide for researchers interested in using PWT as a theoretical framework in their studies. First, we provide an overview of PWT and the definitions of its core constructs: economic constraints, marginalization, work volition, career adaptability, decent work, and need satisfaction. Then, we review quantitative studies conducted to date to show how each of the constructs have been conceptualized and measured. Finally, we provide specific recommendations that researchers can follow in their future studies based on this review. It is hoped that the recommendations can provide a more streamlined way of measuring the constructs as well as ideas for researchers to expand the psychology of working literature.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43058176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Careers in Disarray? COVID-19 and Self-Perceived Employability","authors":"Shuang Ren, Mohammad Tarikul Islam, D. Chadee","doi":"10.1177/10690727231187096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231187096","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has produced disruptions to the employment and higher education contexts, exacerbating complexities involved in one’s assessment of their opportunities of employment in these contexts. The career literature has largely overlooked a vulnerable population of potential job candidates (i.e., final-year MBA students) who are at a critical juncture in response to COVID-19 career shock. Drawing from the challenge-hindrance appraisal framework, this research aims to theorize and test a moderated-mediation model in terms of how COVID-19 career shock associates with self-perceived employability. We use a simple random sampling procedure to collect data from 301 final year MBA students in Australia at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that COVID-19 career shock can be perceived both as a challenge and a hindrance, which in turn associates with self-perceived employability differently. Results further demonstrate that the extent to which COVID-19 career shock is perceived as a challenge or hindrance is moderated by one’s career networking behavior. This research is a timely response to research calls for understanding how the COVID-19 has an impact on people’s work and career with a particular focus on a vulnerable yet under-studied group of labor force in the career literature.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47555638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"After High School, What’s Next? Exploring Refugee Youths’ Perceptions and Preparations Around College Choice and Transition","authors":"A. Cureton, E. Aguinaldo","doi":"10.1177/10690727231185175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231185175","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education can offer refugee youth a route to economic advancement and improved quality of life. However, the decision to pursue college poses a unique set of challenges and considerations. Drawing on Perna’s conceptual model of student college choice, this study employs a phenomenological approach to examine refugee students’ motivations and perceptions of college as well as their career aspirations. Semi-structured interviews with 15 refugee students revealed a strong desire to go to college and pursue a STEM career; an unfamiliarity with the college process; and a preference for community colleges. Modifications to using Perna’s model to better capture refugee youth’s college choice experiences are discussed. Findings from this study yields important insights regarding how high schools can offer guidance to refugee youth on the college choice process.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44361790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metaphors in Career Development: Using ZMET to Explore How an Employment Initiative Changes NEETs’ Mental Models","authors":"Giulia Parola, Julia Thaler, Matteo Solivo","doi":"10.1177/10690727231185174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10690727231185174","url":null,"abstract":"Noting the lack of in-depth insights into the role of emotions and the malleability of affective dispositions for career development, the current research adopts a single case study approach, involving an employment initiative, to elicit conscious and unconscious emotions and beliefs of participants who are not in employment, education, or training (NEETs). Using Zaltman metaphor elicitation technique (ZMET), which involves in-depth, semi-structured interviews and images, the authors determine that comfort emotions represent necessary conditions, acting as filters that alter mental representations of the world, evoke a process of perspective transformation, and ultimately induce new beliefs and individual emancipation. This research contributes to career development literature and redefines career helpers as agents of change who should recognize and harness emotions for assisting NEETs who must navigate complex, unique career environments.","PeriodicalId":47978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Career Assessment","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136354679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}