Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol最新文献

{"title":"Unrepresentability and Trauma of the Holocaust: Focusing on Ashes to Ashes and Sophie’s Choice","authors":"Ranhee Lee","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.37","url":null,"abstract":"Many Holocaust survivors have ‘failed experience’ as a trauma, and whenever they remember Auschwitz, they live paralyzed by the shame of being human and of having survived alone. Due to the ‘unrepresentability’ of the Holocaust, their experience is ‘disrupted,’ and they are unable to express or talk about their past experiences. It is because the nature of their experiences is in no way covered by the terms and positions the symbolic order offers to them. These survivors live with the horrors of the Holocaust trauma, but are haunted by them. Thus, when they verbalize their experience, the form they dictate is ‘discursive.’ Even now, decades after the fall of the Nazis, the Holocaust is as vivid as it was yesterday because of literary works as ‘survivor testimonial literature’ and films dealing with the tragedy, a representative product of the ‘memory industry’, which is constantly replaying this nightmare. Among them, Harold Pinter’s Ashes to Ashes (1996) and Alan J. Pakula’s film Sophie’s Choice (1982) are evaluated as the most difficult and eerie examples. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the memories of the two heroines, which show the state of psychological dissociation caused by the trauma of the Holocaust in Ashes to Ashes and Sophie’s Choice, are converted into language. In these two works, the female protagonists only describe the Holocaust experience verbally rather than physically representing it, which makes it invisible and forces the audience to imagine the entire situation and thus consider that, although the way in which both works deal with the Holocaust is up to the author, it is up to us to properly see and accept the survivors through the history of memory.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Narrative of Life, Death and Resurrection: A Comparison between North American Corn Myths and Longfellow’s Poem The Song of Hiawatha Part 5","authors":"Kyungook Lee","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.139","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this thesis is to compare North American Indian corn myths with the poem written by Henry Wardsworth Longfellow, The Song of Hiawatha, focusing mainly on the origin of corn. Two types of corn myths are examined in this thesis: one having an edible plant mytheme, and the other having an edible plant mytheme within a rite of passage mytheme. In regard to the first type of myth, the Cherokee corn myth is examined. In this myth a mother-goddess figure is murdered and buried by her two sons after receiving her permission. With passage of time and with their devotion, corn sprouts rose from her corpse, grew, and bore ears. The murder of the goddess-mother symbolizes the end of the age in which people relied on hunting or gathering wild plants or fruits. Nevertheless, the concept of corn as a divine gift is reflected in the fact that corn is the outcome of the sacrifice of the goddess-mother figure. In brief, the beginning of agriculture, the cycle of life, death and rebirth, and corn as the sacred body of divinity are implied in this type of myth. In regard to the second type of myth, the Odjbway myth is examined. In this myth, a mother-goddess figure is replaced by a divine male figure who is murdered by an initiate who is going through a period of fasting, a kind of rite of passage for North American Indians. During the fasting period, the initiate wrestles with a divine young man and defeats him. As in Cherokee myth, he is permitted to murder the young man and bury him on his own. And in due time he is able to harvest corn by following the young man’s aforementioned indication. Part V of Longfellow’s the Song of Hiawatha is based on the Odjbway corn myth. In his poem, he gives credit to Hiawatha for the origination of corn. Despite maintaining an edible plant mytheme within a rite of passage mytheme, he particularly highlights organic relations among creatures and a cycle of life, death, and rebirth.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Harmonized Synthesis of Spirituality and Reason and the Birth of Modern Individualism Manifested in Montaigne’s Essays","authors":"Hoonsung Hwang","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.289","url":null,"abstract":"This article attempts to shed light on Montaigne as a voyant who can see through the problematics in transition period between the Renaissance and the Modern or between Realism and Nominalism. Apparently he sticks to the Orthodoxy of Roman Catholics, however, a closer reading of his Essays will reveal the hidden agenda of the Enlightenment project based on reason in lieu of spirituality. The modernity of Montaigne thus rests on 1)Pyrrhonism based on critical reason; 2)an existentialist understanding of man as particular being based on Nominalism; 3)an attempt to draw human psychology topographically, and finally 4)an existentialist or rational approach to the phenomenon of death.BR For Enlightenment thinkers, reason is a blessing as well as a curse. Early Enlightenment thinkers imbued in Roman Catholicism tend to view reason, when coupled with hubris, as a curse doomed to damn humanity. The gist of Montaigne‘s project of harmonizing reason and spirituality lies in his wise division of realms of human concerns and activity. In other words, spirituality or soul concerns religious affairs, while reason is in charge of social ethos concerning human affairs.BR In a broader perspective, Montaigne is one of those intellectual giants who have endeavored to change the philosophical current flowing from Realism characterized by communal concept of human abstractness manifested in the Great Chain of Being to Nominalism characterized by Existentialism with emphasis on human Eigentlichkeit. In a nutshell, Montaigne‘s project of modernity is to synthesize Christian spirituality and Socratic or Stoic reason: the former for Divine Sanctification for the life to come and the latter for ataraxia during the Earthly sojourn by virtue of reason and temperance.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Korean War and Psychoanalysis: Temporary Reconciliation or Therapy?","authors":"Jungmin Lee","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.167","url":null,"abstract":"This study critically examines the reception of psychoanalysis during the Korean War, which has previously been explored primarily through contextual evidence. In 1949, the U.S. military institutionalized lessons from military psychiatry extracted from past wars. Psychoanalysis, as a dominant psychiatric approach at the time, wielded significant influence in the formulation of these lessons, and the impact of “therapy” within the U.S. military was remarkable. The probability of soldiers returning to the frontlines increased significantly compared to before the implementation of therapy, and frontline commanders could better manage combat readiness. With the outbreak of the Korean War, the U.S. military extended these methods to Korean military officers, marking the inception of psychoanalysis in Korean psychiatry.BR However, the situation in the Korean military was not smooth. Whether officers or soldiers, very few had access to mental treatment, and suffering was largely left to individual service members. While measures were taken on the frontlines to prevent mental breakdown among soldiers following the established protocols, many continued to suffer in the aftermath of the war. While efforts were made by Korean military psychiatrists and officers, their options were limited in the Korea of that era, which was essentially a barren land for psychiatry. It is clear that Korean military officers contributed significantly to the post-war development of psychiatry in Korea. However, it’s important to remember that many soldiers endured mental anguish without receiving any help.BR Therefore, psychoanalysis as a form of military psychiatry during that era could be evaluated as a temporary reconciliation strategy that aimed to sustain soldiers’ combat readiness on the frontlines rather than a complete therapeutic solution. Its effects were short-term, and thus, it couldn’t prevent veterans from suffering mental anguish until their deaths. The presence of individuals haunted by trauma lies beneath the broader progress of Korean society, and their contribution to shaping today’s Korea despite their suffering provides substantial insights for our reflections on Korea today.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135083931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patriarchy, Gender Inequality, and Religion in Navoi’s Layli and Majnun and Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet","authors":"Rustam Ziyodulloevich Asrorov, Heebon Park","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.7","url":null,"abstract":"Alisher Navoi’s version of Layli and Majnun (1484) is a significant Old Turkic epic poem that treats themes similar to those in William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet (1597). As Navoi’s work has rarely been investigated in relation to Shakespeare’s play, this paper compares the socio-cultural and religious elements presented in these classic star-crossed love stories. Although the two authors lived in different times and regions and were influenced by different religions and cultures, they both showed interest in writing about the challenges facing tragic loves of their young protagonists. This study discusses the connection between the two poets’ lives and explores the ways in which their cultural and religious backgrounds, along with the written methods and forms of Islamic and European poetry, affected their treatment of this adolescent love story. It is argued that, despite the cultural, linguistic, and religious distances existing between the two worlds, the precarious position of women in both societies is nearly identical. Within the families of both societies, male and female children were treated differently, revealing a dominant gender inequality. Women had little freedom of choice or voice; the attitude of the male-dominated, patriarchal world towards women, whose lives were dictated by the men that ran the society, was similar in both traditions. The study also reveals the practice of the time, such as the upper-class families using forced marriage to retain their power. Furthermore, it demonstrates how profoundly religion influenced the progression of events in the works, as well as the words and deeds of the protagonists.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135083933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confronting Violence and Fantasies in the Works of Jane Jeong Trenka","authors":"Yeonjeong Yun","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.67","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the works of Jane Jeong Trenka, a transnational adoptee writer who critically examines Korean adoption narrative and the representation of transnational adoptees within national ideology and multiculturalism. Trenka argues that the discussion of transnational adoption should be approached from the perspective of religion, national ideology, and capitalism. Specifically, she identifies how Christian, nationalistic, and capitalistic fantasies are projected onto the bodies of transnational adoptees, resulting in violence toward them. In response to these fantasies and violence, Trenka reconstructs several experimental narratives, negating the enforced fantasies onto adoptees and proposes alternative forms of narratives through various experimental literary devices. Through these attempts, Trenka tries not only to revive the voice of her silenced Korean birth mother, but also to combine musical and olfactory literary methods to her narrative, in order to overcome the enforced objectification toward Korean adoptee and its narrative. Furthermore, valuing the importance of co-existence and solidarity with other transnational adoptees, Trenka built an international network, TRACK (Truth and Reconciliation for the Adoptee Community of Korea), in order to support other adoptees’ isolation and anxiety. As a result, this article claims that Trenka criticizes enforced narratives and fantasies by national power and capitalism onto transnational adoptees, and actively debunks the fantasies perpetuated by religious, ideological systems. Trenka’s strategic attempts in her music and olfactory narratives are evaluated as her personal struggle and resistance that urges a new perspective and understanding of the adoption narrative. As a result, her way of confronting forced violence of transnational adoption contributes to publicizing the reality of the adoption issue and the sufferings of adoptees in Korea.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alien’s Looking into the American Family: Kim Yong Ik’s Focused on “They Won’t Crack It Open” and “Sheep, Jimmy and I”","authors":"Byungyong Son","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.121","url":null,"abstract":"Kim Yong Ik is widely recognized as a prominent, early-generation, Korean-American novelist whose literary body of work predominantly mirrors his longing for the cherished memories from his formative years in Korea. However, two notable exceptions within his work, namely “They Won’t Crack It Open” and “The Sheep, Jimmy and I” deviate from this theme by unraveling narratives set in America, with a focus on Korean students pursuing education in the United States. This paper undertakes an in-depth analysis of “They Won’t Crack It Open” by examining the experiences of a Romanian immigrant family who grapple with destitution and subsequently develop an inferiority complex. This exploration is juxtaposed to the objectification of Romanian culture, which serves as a catalyst for familial strife. Similarly, in “The Sheep, Jimmy and I,” Kim portrays the alienation experienced by his protagonist and Jimmy within both the broader Caucasian society and the confines of the family unit. In the narrative, affluent white family members ostracize Jimmy, who appears to be contending with mental health issues, choosing exclusion over inclusion within the familial circle. Jimmy is abject in his family. This study delves into these themes as instances that dismantle the idealized image of America and its family, concurrently shedding light on the cultural marginalization experienced by Koreans as outsiders within mainstream American society. Furthermore, the research navigates the potential remedies and alternatives that Kim presents in response to these intricate challenges, providing valuable insights into the complexities of identity, belonging, and cultural assimilation in the context of Korean-American literature.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Melville’s Cosmopolitanism and Kantian Cosmopolitanism","authors":"Kwangtaek Han","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.257","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this essay is to examine Herman Melville’s exploration of the Kantian concept of cosmopolitanism, deeply embedded within his seminal work Moby-Dick. In particular, it seeks to unravel the multifaceted ways in which Melville not only engages with but also disrupts and questions the Kantian philosophical notion of cosmopolitanism by immersing Ishmael in a series of situations that revolve around the intricate interplay of multiculturalism and cosmopolitanism. At the heart of this analysis lies the investigation into how Melville skillfully crafts Ishmael’s evolving understanding of diverse ethnic and cultural identities. These identities, in turn, exert a reciprocal influence, molding and being molded by Ishmael’s deeply ingrained racial and cultural ideologies. By peeling back the layers of Ishmael’s perceptual journey, Melville lays bare the latent intricacies that underpin the contemporary interpretation of cosmopolitanism, which finds its roots in the philosophical tenets of Kant. This essay delves into Melville’s deliberate thematic and narrative treatment of Ishmael’s transformations across the realms of epistemology, ontology, and ethics. Moreover, it endeavors to elucidate the inherent limitations that accompany these transformative processes, advancing the argument that Melville strategically employs Ishmael’s character as a narrative device to establish a critical distance, compelling readers to recognize the chasm that separates Ishmael’s cosmopolitanism from Melville’s cosmopolitan perspective. I argue that Melville’s cosmopolitanism deviates markedly from the Kantian paradigm, and this divergence challenges and contests the idealistic and theoretical foundations upon which Kantian formulation of cosmopolitanism is erected, rooted in the principles of the nineteenth-century humanism and liberalism. Melville’s critical insights, I claim, shed light on his profound engagement with the Kantian cosmopolitan ideal and the significant implications this engagement holds for the contemporary understanding of cosmopolitanism.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Narrative Style of Hadji Murat: Contrast through Contrapuntal Juxtaposition","authors":"Inson Choi","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.211","url":null,"abstract":"Tolstoy’s last novel, Hadji Murat, is quite different from his most famous literary works. Tolstoy, who valued the process of approaching the truth over the reality of truth, sought to densely describe the changes in the inner world experienced by an entity through a long flow of time. Characteristic of this change is that the narrative proceeds not by a trajectory of linear progression, but by a spiral trajectory of ascent and descent. However, in Hadji Murat, Tolstoy departs from this traditional narrative style to follow a new narrative strategy. That is, rather than focusing on the inner changes experienced by the protagonists in the horizontal flow of time, it is intended to embody the nature of human beings in multiple layers from a vertical perspective. In particular, this author-specific composition is concretized through the composition of the plot. Most prior research has evaluated Hadji Murat as possessing a collage structure in which independent motifs are intricately arranged, thus lacking intrinsic rules and unity. However, in Haji Murat, which consists of a total of 25 chapters, the individual chapters are organically connected through contrast and contrapuntal juxtaposition, and through this composition, it presents the multiple layers of overlapping human nature. Therefore, this thesis examines the characteristics of the narrative style and plot structure of Hadji Murat.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rise of the Novel and Dis-/Example in Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe","authors":"Yoojin Choi","doi":"10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29324/jewcl.2023.9.65.191","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719) through the lens of Lennard J. Davis’s double discourse of a criminal—as a dis-example to be avoided and, simultaneously, as an example to be imitated. Briefly but effectively, this study also examines and compares the popularity of the novel in eighteenth-century Britain with that of the web novel in twenty-first-century South Korea: The former can be deciphered as a literary and cultural response to socio-cultural changes in the era, characterized by the decline in patronage, changes in the location of reading, the rise of literacy, the growth of the print market, and the extension of readership; the latter can be depicted as a new form of literary response and a cultural phenomenon that mirrors the technological shift triggered/accelerated by the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The phenomenon of the emergence of the novel embodies changes/revolutions in eighteenth-century British society/culture. Despite the novel’s popularity as entertainment, and/or because of its immense popularity among the young, novel-reading was regarded as morally dangerous, exerting harmful effects on readers. As a new form of media culture and print entertainment, the novel in early eighteenth-century Britain engendered the anti-novel discourse. Structured on the Christian pattern of disobedience, punishment, repentance, and deliverance, Robinson Crusoe, the novel itself, and the protagonist, Robinson Crusoe, are regenerated from a dis-example to an example, by which it not only subverts the condemnation of the effects of the novel on readers, but also recognizes and supports Christian values and the divine order. Crusoe’s transformation from dis-example to example overthrows the concerns imposed by the anti-novel discourse and bolsters power to religious authority.","PeriodicalId":479618,"journal":{"name":"Dongseo bi'gyo munhag jeo'neol","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}