María Victoria Caballero , María Pilar Martínez-García , José R. Morales
{"title":"Pollution-induced migration and environmental policy in an economic geography model","authors":"María Victoria Caballero , María Pilar Martínez-García , José R. Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper develops a two-region New Economic Geography model with polluting firms subject to regional abatement policies. Pollution accumulates in the local environment and decreases the welfare of the population. We show that environmental policies have two opposing effects on welfare: they reduce nominal wages and increase environmental quality. If environmental regulations are equally strict in the two regions then population, pollution and wages tend to converge as trade becomes more open. If the two regions have different but unambitious environmental regulations, firms agglomerate in the laxer region, which becomes a pollution haven. However, a sufficiently far-reaching environmental policy in one of the regions raises its environmental quality, increasing its attractiveness for population and firms, and the emergence of a pollution haven is avoided. We also show that if the natural absorption rate of pollution is low, the environment recovers slowly, population and firms move between regions in a pollute-and-flee cycle and no static equilibrium is reached.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928765523000751/pdfft?md5=4874fd685524ef32e072da1e2b413cc5&pid=1-s2.0-S0928765523000751-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138569585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The energy transition: A balancing act","authors":"Natalia Fabra , Mar Reguant","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the need for drastic reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions becomes increasingly urgent, governments and policymakers are developing proposals for climate change policies that aim to achieve net-zero emissions. However, the challenge lies in determining the most effective way to operationalize this transformation. While cost efficiency is often emphasized as a desirable property, experience shows that it is neither necessary nor sufficient to achieve a desirable policy portfolio. Instead, we advocate for a broader definition of economic efficiency: policies must also be feasible, fair, effective, and credible. Trade-offs between these criteria are common, and must be balanced to create a successful policy portfolio. The European experience provides interesting case studies with which to illustrate these efficiency dimensions and their implications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global non-sustainable harvest of renewable resources reduces their present price but increases their net present value","authors":"Adam Lampert","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over-exploitation of natural resources is a major problem, and transitions to sustainable harvest are taking place worldwide. To determine the optimal harvesting strategy, including the optimal speed and approach to transition toward sustainable harvest, policymakers need to estimate the net present values of natural resources. Previous studies have shown that discounting reduces the future value of natural resources, but the long-term increase in their price may partially compensate for discounting. However, the price and future values of natural resources may also be affected by the transition from over-harvesting to sustainable harvest. Here we present a model that endogenizes the effect of non-sustainable harvest on the price of a renewable natural resource. We show that the transition to sustainable harvest is expected to increase the resource’s price significantly, at a rate that is greater than its long-term increase. Incorporating this effect increases the estimated net present value of ecosystems providing renewable natural resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928765523000647/pdfft?md5=659ec33fb0de8fdd30410d8d9a620755&pid=1-s2.0-S0928765523000647-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.P. de Vries , G. Garcia Alvarez , W.J.W. Botzen , M. Bockarjova
{"title":"Valuing urban nature through life satisfaction: The consistency of GIS and survey indicators of nature","authors":"S.P. de Vries , G. Garcia Alvarez , W.J.W. Botzen , M. Bockarjova","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study estimates the relationships between green and blue nature and the life satisfaction (LS) of residents in the six largest cities in the Netherlands to monetize the value of urban nature. The analysis uses both survey and geographic information system (GIS) data on the availability of nature to examine the influence of this methodological choice on the valuation outcomes. The main findings are that different indicators of the availability of nature consistently reveal positive relationships with reported LS, which implies substantial marginal willingness-to-pay (MWTP) values for urban nature. Valuation results based on the survey data indicate higher MWTPs compared to GIS data on nature availability, which may be explained by the more disaggregated data from surveys on the availability and use of nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928765523000611/pdfft?md5=a30d0999026fa3a7dcb8d7103848fb9f&pid=1-s2.0-S0928765523000611-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92043304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Fardella , Nano Barahona , Juan-Pablo Montero , Felipe Sepúlveda
{"title":"On the geography of vintage-specific restrictions","authors":"Carlos Fardella , Nano Barahona , Juan-Pablo Montero , Felipe Sepúlveda","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Persistent air-pollution problems have led authorities in many cities around the world to impose limits on car use by means of vintage-specific restrictions or low-emission zones. Any vintage restriction must establish not only the cars that face a restriction but also its geographic area of application. As a result of the restriction, a fraction of restricted cars are exported outside the restricted area. Because restricted cars become cheaper, emissions in the restricted area could increase if exported cars remain too close to it. The extent to which such emissions leakage can occur crucially depends on transaction costs in the car market. We study this possibility with a model of the car market that allows for transaction costs and data from Santiago’s 2017 vintage restriction. We fail to find emissions leakage, at least severe enough to undo the 2017 policy effects. Interestingly, transaction costs are shown to have a non-monotonic impact on emissions, and hence, on welfare.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50182161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peio Alcorta , Maria Paz Espinosa , Cristina Pizarro-Irizar
{"title":"Who bears the risk? Incentives for renewable electricity under strategic interaction between regulator and investors","authors":"Peio Alcorta , Maria Paz Espinosa , Cristina Pizarro-Irizar","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Energy policies for promoting investment in renewable energy sources have become crucial for deploying green energy technologies worldwide. Conventional incentive systems assign risk to either policymakers or investors. In this paper, we combine option theory and game theory to obtain optimal parameters for incentive schemes with different degrees of risk-sharing. We present an empirical application to the Spanish electricity market for 2013, when the Feed-in Tariff scheme was still in force, and for 2019, when Feed-in Tariffs had been completely phased out but before the demand shock caused by COVID-19, the restructuring of market price limits, and the recent energy price crisis in Europe. Our results indicate that there are more flexible systems based on Fixed Tariffs and Premiums that can outperform conventional designs, since they may enable the same investment level to be reached at a lower regulatory cost. In addition, these hybrid schemes permit risk-sharing between both parties. Our results may also be useful for designing incentives awarded through competitive auctions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50182160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olivier Deschenes , Christopher Malloy , Gavin McDonald
{"title":"Causal effects of Renewable Portfolio Standards on renewable investments and generation: The role of heterogeneity and dynamics","authors":"Olivier Deschenes , Christopher Malloy , Gavin McDonald","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite a 30-year long history, Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) remain controversial and debates continue to surround their efficacy in leading the low-carbon transition in the electricity sector. Contributing to the ongoing debates is the lack of definitive causal evidence on their impact on investments in renewable capacity and generation. This paper provides the most detailed analysis to date of the impact of RPSs on renewable electricity capacity investments and on generation. We use state-level data from 1990–2019 and recent econometric methods designed to address dynamic and heterogeneous treatment effects in a staggered adoption panel data design. We find that, on average, RPS policies increase wind generation capacity by 600–1200 MW, a 44% increase, but have no significant effect on investments in solar capacity. Additionally, we demonstrate that RPSs have slow dynamic effects: most of the capacity additions occur 5 years after RPS implementation. Estimates for wind and solar electricity generation mimic those for capacity investments. We also find similar results using an alternate treatment definition that allows states to meet their RPS requirements with pre-existing renewable generation and renewable generation from nearby states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50182159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gasoline prices, traffic congestion, and carbon emissions","authors":"Jindong Pang , Lan An , Shulin Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the effect of gasoline prices on traffic congestion and carbon emissions. The international crude oil price is used as an instrumental variable for the gasoline price in Chinese cities. Empirical results show that a ten percent increase in gasoline prices significantly decreases traffic congestion in rush hours by 0.87%. In addition to reducing vehicle kilometers traveled, higher gasoline prices also decrease carbon emissions by increasing travel speed and fuel efficiency. A ten percent increase in gasoline prices is found to decrease CO<sub>2</sub> emissions by 40.6 million metric tons, accounting for 2.3% of the total CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the transport sector of China in 2016. This paper's estimates offer guidance for gasoline pricing policies, fuel taxes, traffic congestion, and the Dual-Carbon Target.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92043305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accounting for unintended ecological effects of our electric future: Optimizing lithium mining and biodiversity preservation in the Chilean High-Andean wetlands","authors":"Diana Roa , Ståle Navrud , Knut Einar Rosendahl","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The intersection of mining activities and the preservation of fragile ecosystems presents a challenge, exemplified by the coexistence of lithium resources and the pristine High-Andean wetlands. In this study, we demonstrate the transformative potential of accounting for the intrinsic non-use values associated with these vital wetlands. By incorporating these values, we not only reshape optimal mining patterns but also forge a path towards enhanced environmental conservation. To quantify the value of affected biodiversity and ecosystems, we employ a meta-analytic benefit transfer function. Subsequently, we integrate these values into a competitive land use model that treats ecosystem services as valuable assets and incorporates the opportunity costs associated with mining activities. The results of our study reveal a compelling narrative: when the value of wetland ecosystems is considered, the pace of lithium extraction is markedly affected. The extent of this impact varies depending on factors such as wetland size, ecosystem service value, damage levels, and resource rents. By quantifying the ecological impacts of mining in economic terms, our findings present an avenue for policymakers to design a mineral extraction tax that complements a mitigation hierarchy to conserve these precious ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46713425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Féidhlim P. McGowan , Eleanor Denny , Peter D. Lunn
{"title":"Looking beyond time preference: Testing potential causes of low willingness to pay for fuel economy improvements","authors":"Féidhlim P. McGowan , Eleanor Denny , Peter D. Lunn","doi":"10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2023.101404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Time preferences are considered a leading cause of the energy efficiency gap. We test two cognition-based mechanisms (concentration bias and underestimation bias) which are distinct from time preferences but can produce identical behaviour when costs are paid upfront and benefits are spread over time. We use an experiment that measures willingness-to-pay for an improvement in fuel economy to test the explanatory power of these mechanisms. The sample is large, nationally representative and comprised only of car buyers (n = 2368). The experiment varies between-subjects (i) the payment schedule for the fuel economy improvement, and (ii) the temporal framing of its monetary benefit. We combine the payment schedules and the benefit frames so that the pattern of results predicted by time preferences differs from the pattern predicted by cognitive mechanisms. Results support the preregistered hypotheses: willingness-to-pay increases as the payment schedule becomes more dispersed across time and decreases when the benefit is presented as more disaggregated (i.e. a monthly saving instead of annual or multi-year saving). The findings are consistent with the predictions of the two cognitive mechanisms, which may explain part of the energy-efficiency gap currently attributed to pure time preference.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47952,"journal":{"name":"Resource and Energy Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50182162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}