Michael Asiedu Gyensare , Priyanka Jain , Eric Adom Asante , Samuel Adomako , Kwame Simpe Ofori , Yocabel Hayford
{"title":"Fostering assigned expatriates' thriving at work through cultural intelligence and local embeddedness: The role of relational attachment","authors":"Michael Asiedu Gyensare , Priyanka Jain , Eric Adom Asante , Samuel Adomako , Kwame Simpe Ofori , Yocabel Hayford","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Past research has noted that assigned expatriates (AEs) face challenges that often lead to premature termination when dispatched by the parent organisation to live and work abroad. However, recent statistics show that most AEs have no knowledge on how to overcome these cultural challenges prior to sending them abroad. Guided by the socially embedded model of thriving at work, we explain how cultural intelligence leads to local embeddedness and the latter's effect on AEs thriving at work. Further, the relationship between local embeddedness and AEs' thriving at work differs across varying levels of relational attachment. Our unique three-month time-lagged data from 234 AEs in eight multinational corporations (MNCs) with subsidiaries in Ghana offered support to our hypotheses. Cultural intelligence promotes local embeddedness, which, in turn, stimulates AEs thriving at work. Additionally, higher levels of relational attachment prompt AEs to leverage their local embeddedness to learn novel things that make them feel alive, energized, and awake at work. Implications for theory and practice, limitations and future research directions are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 2","pages":"Article 101222"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Do you understand me correctly?” The role of accents in communication in global virtual teams","authors":"Mike Szymanski , Carlo Brighi","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of accent-based status differences on communication within global virtual teams. Through a quasi-experimental study including 117 individuals and 357 voicemails and written messages, we examine recipients' perceptions of the sender's intentions. We show how accent status – distinguished between native and non-native – match in verbal communication plays a role in how listeners interpret feedback. Applying social identity theory and suggesting an extension to media synchronicity theory, our study advances language-sensitive international management research by demonstrating that accent – in addition to language proficiency – constitutes another aspect of language that plays a role in interaction among linguistically diverse global virtual team members. We discuss implications for practice and future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 2","pages":"Article 101221"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Between rock and a hard place: The impact of home country demand on exclusive international strategic alliances forged by new technology ventures","authors":"Deepak Sardana , Narain Gupta , Huda Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study seeks to progress the relatively thin body of scholarly research on the exclusive characteristics of strategic international alliances forged globally, particularly by new technology ventures. Due to the liability of smallness and newness, these new ventures need to strategically adopt exclusivity in licensing to secure partners across the globe to help them overcome the lack of resources and market access capability. Adopting resource dependence theory, the present study suggests that market size is a key consideration for the determinants of exclusive licensing for new technology ventures. The study investigates if the home demand of a country will influence the propensity to form exclusive international partnerships for new technology ventures. Based on the dataset of 545 international partnerships across the globe, findings of the study provide strong support to the idea that new ventures based in developed countries with limited market size (i.e., small-developed countries) are disproportionately more inclined to offer exclusive partnerships. Significant and positive moderation to the above findings were found due to the effect of sub-sectors, but not due to the size of the partner firms in the international market. The post-hoc analysis considering international and domestic alliances combined sample indicated consistent findings. The findings have theoretical, practical, and policy related implications for international strategic partnerships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 2","pages":"Article 101233"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"It is not only what you say, but how you say it: A language attitude perspective of skilled migrants' culture-related linguistic skills and workplace integration in multinational corporations","authors":"Jinju Xie , Vesa Peltokorpi","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study adopts an abductive approach, drawing on the language attitude perspective and interviews with 168 skilled migrants (SMs) to examine how and why culture-related language differences influence the workplace integration of SMs in Japan-based multinational corporations (MNCs). Our analysis shows that three culture-related language differences — (1) honorifics, (2) indirect expressions, and (3) empathic expressions — lead local employees to categorize SMs as outgroup members and to negatively evaluate their professional and managerial abilities. Despite having high general language proficiency, SMs continue to occupy disadvantaged positions in local MNCs, primarily due to local employees' negative assessments of actual or perceived differences in culture-related linguistic skills.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 2","pages":"Article 101235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do global dynamic managerial capabilities affect MNEs' divestments of their overseas subsidiaries?","authors":"Ha Nguyen, Roger Strange","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2025.101236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Divestment of foreign subsidiaries by multinational enterprises (MNEs) is a common, yet under-researched phenomenon. The main contribution of this paper is to examine the effects of the global dynamic managerial capabilities (GDMCs) embedded in the top management teams (TMTs) of the MNEs on the likelihood that they will divest their foreign subsidiaries. Following Tasheva and Nielsen (2022), we consider three GDMCs, viz.: international human capital; international social capital, and international managerial cognition. Our empirical analysis confirms that all three GDMCs have significant negative impacts on the likelihood of divestment of foreign subsidiaries (or, equivalently, significant positive impacts on the likelihood of retention of foreign subsidiaries). We also explore the impacts of subsidiary age on the likelihood of retention, and find that longstanding subsidiaries are more likely to be retained than newly-established subsidiaries, and that age enhances the impacts of the three GDMCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 2","pages":"Article 101236"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Stability of international joint ventures: When experience and age overshadow host country risk” [J. Int. Manag. 30 (2024)/101205]","authors":"Hamza Aib","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 101220"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When do firms overspend on CSR? The impacts of foreignness and institutional distance","authors":"Vikrant Shirodkar , Rishika Nayyar , Paresha Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research has shown that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is no longer purely voluntary; it is increasingly subject to government mandates or institutional pressures requiring firms to spend a prescribed amount on CSR. This raises an important question for subsidiaries of multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating within a host country: should they spend more than these prescribed amounts (i.e., overspend) on CSR? Drawing from institutional theory and legitimacy perspectives, we argue that subsidiaries of foreign MNEs are less likely to overspend on CSR when compared to local firms. Additionally, we contend that among foreign subsidiaries, the institutional distance—both in absolute and directional terms—between the MNE's home country and the host country impacts CSR overspending. We examine these effects using a panel dataset of 3732 firms (12,093 firm-year observations) over the period 2015–2021 in India, where CSR spending has been made mandatory for large and medium enterprises. Our findings contribute to the literature on MNEs' CSR activities in host countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 101216"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How does outward FDI in developed economies affect the R&D of emerging economy firms? An attention-based view","authors":"En Xie , Jiaxin Lin , Honghui Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Internal R&D and outward foreign direct investment in developed economies (OFDI-in-DE) are recognized as two important elements for emerging economy firms (EEFs) attempting to innovate. However, it is less clear whether these elements act as complements or substitutes to each other. Building on the attention-based view, we explore how OFDI-in-DE affects internal R&D in terms of input scale and output efficiency. Using a longitudinal sample of Chinese listed firms from 2006 to 2018, we find that OFDI-in-DE not only leads to a reduction in EEFs' R&D investment, but also weakens the positive effect of the investment on firms' innovation performance, measured by the number of patent applications filed during a specific period. This suggests that EEFs' OFDI-in-DE substitutes for internal R&D investments in both scale and efficiency aspects. Our results also show that these effects vary depending on market competition and organizational slack. Specifically, the substitution effects become stronger in EEFs operating in highly competitive industries, but weaker in those with ample organizational slack. Our study sheds light on the interrelation between internal R&D and OFDI-in-DE activities for EEFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 101217"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jase R. Ramsey , Melanie P. Lorenz , Steven M. Farmer , Jintong Tang
{"title":"The experience dilemma: A nonlinear exploration of antecedents to entrepreneurial alertness","authors":"Jase R. Ramsey , Melanie P. Lorenz , Steven M. Farmer , Jintong Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although it seems instinctual for individuals to leverage their international experience and time in assignment to enhance their entrepreneurial alertness (EA), we present an admonition of such strategies. Data from 210 expatriates reveal the nonlinear effects of these predictors on EA. Although some international experience and time in assignment heighten EA, too much of it has a diminished marginal effect (negative squared term). Based on the antecedents-benefits-costs (ABC) framework, these findings refute a simple linear view of the effects of international experience and time in assignment while providing pivotal theoretical and practical implications. Finally, these relationships are impacted by the perceived institutional distance between the home and host countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 101218"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William H.A. Johnson , Longzhu Dong , Ming Li (Lily) , Vas Taras
{"title":"Transcending conflict in global virtual teams: Multi-level effects of cultural intelligence and perceptions of conflict on subjective and objective outcomes","authors":"William H.A. Johnson , Longzhu Dong , Ming Li (Lily) , Vas Taras","doi":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intman.2024.101219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We employ a multilevel Input-Mediator-Output (I-M-O) analytical approach to study cultural intelligence (CQ) as an input variable that reduces team conflict frequency and asymmetry in individual conflict perception, acting as mediators and, consequently, influences global virtual team (GVT) outcomes. The GVT outcomes were measured as objective performance at the team level and subjective outcomes at the individual level. Utilizing 1592 GVTs (consisting of 7029 individuals), we test the effects of CQ on three types of conflict (task, relationship, and process conflicts) and GVT outcomes at both the team and individual levels <em>simultaneously</em>. Results demonstrate that CQ affects team performance outcomes (viz., the team report's quality and creativity as objectively evaluated by outsider reviewers) and subjective outcomes (viz., enjoyment and satisfaction) indirectly via team conflict reduction. At the individual level, CQ affected subjective outcomes indirectly via reducing members' conflict perceptions. The three conflict types influenced GVT outcomes differently, with task conflict exerting a positive effect on team performance and the other two a negative effect. Overall, the study highlights the nuances of the CQ-Conflict-GVT performance relationships and contributes towards better managing GVT's performance-related outcomes simultaneously at the individual and team CQ levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47937,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"Article 101219"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}