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An overview of malingering and deception in neuropsychiatric cases 神经精神病学病例的装病和欺骗概述。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2636
Richard Rogers, Scott D. Bender, Sara E. Hartigan
{"title":"An overview of malingering and deception in neuropsychiatric cases","authors":"Richard Rogers,&nbsp;Scott D. Bender,&nbsp;Sara E. Hartigan","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2636","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2636","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Forensic practitioners must shoulder special responsibilities when evaluating over-stated pathology (e.g., malingering) as well as simulated adjustment. Such determinations may modify or even override other clinical findings. As a result, practitioners must be alert to their own misassumptions that may unintentionally bias their conclusions about response styles. Detection strategies for malingering—based on unlikely or markedly amplified presentations—are highlighted in this article. Given page constraints, assessment methods for feigning are succinctly presented with their applications to administrative, civil, and criminal referrals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"42 1","pages":"28-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“It wasn't me, check the cameras!” Suspects' apparent verifiable responses might not indicate innocence “不是我，检查一下摄像机!”嫌疑犯表面上可证实的回答可能并不表明他是无辜的。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2639
Ana Isabel Jiménez-González, Jaume Masip, Iris Blandón-Gitlin, Carmen Herrero
{"title":"“It wasn't me, check the cameras!” Suspects' apparent verifiable responses might not indicate innocence","authors":"Ana Isabel Jiménez-González,&nbsp;Jaume Masip,&nbsp;Iris Blandón-Gitlin,&nbsp;Carmen Herrero","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2639","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2639","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The verifiability of a suspect's alibi is often interpreted as a sign of innocence. Because the police resources are limited, verifiability could be used to dismiss suspects of minor offenses. We examined whether alibi verifiability actually indicates innocence for minor crimes. In Experiment 1, participants imagined they were guilty or innocent suspects of minor crimes and selected a response to convince the police of their innocence. Compared to innocent suspects, guilty suspects were more likely to select pseudo-verifiable responses (which seemed verifiable but were not) rather than non-verifiable responses. Experiment 2 revealed that pseudo-verifiable responses increased observers' perceptions of innocence (rather than guilt). Experiment 3 suggested that people infer the police will not verify alibis of minor crimes, which may lead people to invent pseudo-verifiable responses. These results indicate that apparent verifiability does not necessarily indicate innocence. The police should systematically test alternative hypotheses whenever they encounter apparent verifiable responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 6","pages":"504-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The history of forensic neuropsychiatry 法医神经精神病学的历史。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2640
Manish A. Fozdar
{"title":"The history of forensic neuropsychiatry","authors":"Manish A. Fozdar","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2640","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2640","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Significant advances in various disciplines of neurosciences, such as neurology, neuropsychiatry, neuroimaging, and neurogenetics, have caused an exciting field to emerge in the field of forensic neuropsychiatry called neurolaw. The resurgence of interest in this field has paralleled the renaissance of neuropsychiatry in the last few decades. This historical review of the practice of forensic neuropsychiatry provides an insight into the past with the hope that it will guide the future development of this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"42 1","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring how attorneys address grooming in criminal trials of child sexual abuse 探讨律师如何在儿童性虐待的刑事审判中处理修饰问题。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2637
Emily Denne, Stacia N. Stolzenberg
{"title":"Exploring how attorneys address grooming in criminal trials of child sexual abuse","authors":"Emily Denne,&nbsp;Stacia N. Stolzenberg","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2637","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2637","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grooming is a common tactic among perpetrators of child sexual abuse (CSA). It is important that grooming is addressed in court to explain the unintuitive ways a child may act when they have been victims of abuse. The present study draws upon 134 transcripts of CSA criminal trials to establish how attorneys talk about grooming in court. Only 1.8% of attorney's questions addressed grooming behaviors. The majority of these focusing on exposure to pornography (27%) or boundary pushing (19%). Invitations elicited the most productive reports of grooming from children. There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion with which defense and prosecuting attorney's raised grooming issues, with prosecutors raising grooming issues more often than defense attorneys. We suggest that attorneys consider devoting proportionally more time to addressing grooming in court, to help jurors demystify common myths surrounding CSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 6","pages":"488-503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuroethics and neurolaw in forensic neuropsychiatry: A guide for clinicians 法医神经精神病学中的神经伦理学和神经法:临床医生指南。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2638
Neil Krishan Aggarwal, Abhishek Jain
{"title":"Neuroethics and neurolaw in forensic neuropsychiatry: A guide for clinicians","authors":"Neil Krishan Aggarwal,&nbsp;Abhishek Jain","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2638","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2638","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As neuroscience technologies develop, ethical and legal questions arise regarding their use and societal impact. Neuroethics and neurolaw are growing interdisciplinary fields that address these questions. This review article presents the research agenda of both areas, examines the use and admissibility of neuroscience in expert testimony and legal settings, and discusses ethical issues related to forensic neuropsychiatrists claiming expertise in neuroscience, formulating medical opinions based on neuroscience, and considering its relevance to criminal responsibility. Forensic neuropsychiatrists should be aware of emerging neuroscientific evidence, its utility and limits in rendering diagnoses and explaining behavior, and, before seeking such evidence for legal purposes, its availability and admissibility. When testifying in matters involving neuroscientific evidence, ensuring truthfulness and balance, having sufficient and validated knowledge (including openness with confirming and disconfirming evidence), understanding standards of practice, and drawing relevant and appropriate conclusions remain important.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"42 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental health criminal defenses in persons with neuropsychiatric disorders 神经精神障碍患者的心理健康刑事辩护。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2635
Richard L. Frierson, Kaustubh G. Joshi
{"title":"Mental health criminal defenses in persons with neuropsychiatric disorders","authors":"Richard L. Frierson,&nbsp;Kaustubh G. Joshi","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2635","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2635","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Persons with neuropsychiatric disorders present specific and unique challenges for forensic experts and defense attorneys in the criminal justice system. This article reviews two potential criminal defenses: legal insanity and the various legal standards or tests of criminal responsibility that are used in jurisdictions throughout the United States (i.e., the M’Naghten standard and the American Law Institute's Model Penal Code), and the partial legal defense of diminished capacity (lacking the mental state necessary to be found guilty of a specific intent crime). The process of evaluating criminal responsibility or diminished capacity is also presented with a specific emphasis on common issues that arise in evaluating defendants with Intellectual Developmental Disorder (Intellectual Disability), Parasomnias, Seizure Disorders, and Neurocognitive Disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Life or death: A qualitative examination of mitigating and aggravating evidence presented in capital trials 生死攸关：对死刑审判中提出的减轻和加重处罚的证据进行定性审查。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2633
Lisa Bell Holleran
{"title":"Life or death: A qualitative examination of mitigating and aggravating evidence presented in capital trials","authors":"Lisa Bell Holleran","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2633","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2633","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The US Supreme Court has required that death penalty procedures narrow the class of persons eligible for a death sentence. Through the selection requirement, juries must use mitigating and aggravating evidence jointly to determine if a defendant is one of the worst of the worst, resulting in a sentence of life without parole or death. This study analyzed capital trial transcripts from the punishment phase to assess the type and amount of mitigating and aggravating evidence presented to jurors in cases resulting in life without parole and death. The main assumption of the research was that cases resulting in life without the possibility of parole (LWOP) would reveal patterns in the types of evidence presented and differing patterns in cases where the jury handed down a sentence of death. The study qualitatively examined the trial transcripts from the punishment phase of 18 capital murders (nine resulting in LWOP and nine in death). The extra-legal factors from each LWOP case were matched to a death case to eliminate sentencing discrepancies based on jurisdiction, race of defendant or victim, aggravator, age etc. The results found no consistent patterns of evidence presented in cases resulting life without parole and some relevant patterns in sentences resulting in death.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 6","pages":"463-487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41216157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction to special issue on advances in forensic mental health assessment 法医心理健康评估进展特刊简介。
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2624
Wade C. Myers, Alan R. Felthous
{"title":"Introduction to special issue on advances in forensic mental health assessment","authors":"Wade C. Myers,&nbsp;Alan R. Felthous","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2624","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 5","pages":"225-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9424650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the nature and prevalence of targeted violence perpetrated by persons found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder 探讨因精神失常而被认定无刑事责任的人实施有针对性暴力的性质和普遍程度
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2626
Madison F. E. Almond, Tonia L. Nicholls, Karen L. Petersen, Michael C. Seto, Anne G. Crocker
{"title":"Exploring the nature and prevalence of targeted violence perpetrated by persons found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder","authors":"Madison F. E. Almond,&nbsp;Tonia L. Nicholls,&nbsp;Karen L. Petersen,&nbsp;Michael C. Seto,&nbsp;Anne G. Crocker","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2626","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2626","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although mental illness has a demonstrated link with violence, the prevalence of targeted (planned and goal-directed) violence perpetrated by individuals with mental illness and its association with psychiatric symptoms is relatively unexplored. File information was compared for all 293 individuals found not criminally responsible due to mental illness in British Columbia between 2001 and 2005, of whom 19% had committed targeted violence. Most individuals with targeted offenses displayed at least one warning behavior before their offense (93%); all displayed delusions and approximately one third exhibited hallucinations. Compared to individuals who perpetrated non-targeted offenses, the individuals with targeted offenses displayed greater proportions of threats/criminal harassment, had female victims, displayed a psychotic disorder and/or personality disorder, and displayed delusions during the offense. This implies that severe psychiatric disorders do not preclude the perpetration of planned violence and suggests that exploring symptoms of mental illness that may be proximally indicative of targeted violence is important in preventing future acts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 2-3","pages":"124-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9625302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Relations between peer influence, perceived costs versus benefits, and sexual offending among adolescents aware of sex offender registration risk 意识到性犯罪者登记风险的青少年中的同伴影响、感知成本与收益与性犯罪之间的关系
IF 1.4 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2625
Cynthia J. Najdowski, Hayley M. D. Cleary, Paige M. Oja
{"title":"Relations between peer influence, perceived costs versus benefits, and sexual offending among adolescents aware of sex offender registration risk","authors":"Cynthia J. Najdowski,&nbsp;Hayley M. D. Cleary,&nbsp;Paige M. Oja","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2625","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2625","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A policy's general deterrent effect requires would-be offenders to be aware of the policy, yet many adolescents do not know they could be registered as sex offenders, and even adolescents who do know may still commit registerable sexual offenses. We tested whether peer influences shape the perceived costs/benefits of certain sexual offenses and, subsequently, registration policy's general deterrent potential in a sample of policy-aware adolescents. The more adolescents believed their peers approve of sexting of nude images, the more likely they were to have sexted. For forcible touching, having more positive peer expectations about sex and perceiving forcible touching as more prevalent among peers related to adolescents' likelihood of engaging in that behavior. Perceiving registration as a possible consequence was unrelated to sexual offending. Findings highlight the nuanced roles peers play in adolescent sexual decision-making and support emerging evidence that juvenile registration policy has limited general deterrent efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 2-3","pages":"109-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9624825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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