Behavioral Sciences & the Law最新文献_第10页

Life or death: A qualitative examination of mitigating and aggravating evidence presented in capital trials 生死攸关：对死刑审判中提出的减轻和加重处罚的证据进行定性审查。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2633

Lisa Bell Holleran

{"title":"Life or death: A qualitative examination of mitigating and aggravating evidence presented in capital trials","authors":"Lisa Bell Holleran","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2633","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2633","url":null,"abstract":"The US Supreme Court has required that death penalty procedures narrow the class of persons eligible for a death sentence. Through the selection requirement, juries must use mitigating and aggravating evidence jointly to determine if a defendant is one of the worst of the worst, resulting in a sentence of life without parole or death. This study analyzed capital trial transcripts from the punishment phase to assess the type and amount of mitigating and aggravating evidence presented to jurors in cases resulting in life without parole and death. The main assumption of the research was that cases resulting in life without the possibility of parole (LWOP) would reveal patterns in the types of evidence presented and differing patterns in cases where the jury handed down a sentence of death. The study qualitatively examined the trial transcripts from the punishment phase of 18 capital murders (nine resulting in LWOP and nine in death). The extra-legal factors from each LWOP case were matched to a death case to eliminate sentencing discrepancies based on jurisdiction, race of defendant or victim, aggravator, age etc. The results found no consistent patterns of evidence presented in cases resulting life without parole and some relevant patterns in sentences resulting in death.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 6","pages":"463-487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41216157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction to special issue on advances in forensic mental health assessment 法医心理健康评估进展特刊简介。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2624

Wade C. Myers, Alan R. Felthous

引用次数: 0

Exploring the nature and prevalence of targeted violence perpetrated by persons found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder 探讨因精神失常而被认定无刑事责任的人实施有针对性暴力的性质和普遍程度

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2626

Madison F. E. Almond, Tonia L. Nicholls, Karen L. Petersen, Michael C. Seto, Anne G. Crocker

{"title":"Exploring the nature and prevalence of targeted violence perpetrated by persons found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder","authors":"Madison F. E. Almond, Tonia L. Nicholls, Karen L. Petersen, Michael C. Seto, Anne G. Crocker","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2626","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2626","url":null,"abstract":"Although mental illness has a demonstrated link with violence, the prevalence of targeted (planned and goal-directed) violence perpetrated by individuals with mental illness and its association with psychiatric symptoms is relatively unexplored. File information was compared for all 293 individuals found not criminally responsible due to mental illness in British Columbia between 2001 and 2005, of whom 19% had committed targeted violence. Most individuals with targeted offenses displayed at least one warning behavior before their offense (93%); all displayed delusions and approximately one third exhibited hallucinations. Compared to individuals who perpetrated non-targeted offenses, the individuals with targeted offenses displayed greater proportions of threats/criminal harassment, had female victims, displayed a psychotic disorder and/or personality disorder, and displayed delusions during the offense. This implies that severe psychiatric disorders do not preclude the perpetration of planned violence and suggests that exploring symptoms of mental illness that may be proximally indicative of targeted violence is important in preventing future acts.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 2-3","pages":"124-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9625302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Relations between peer influence, perceived costs versus benefits, and sexual offending among adolescents aware of sex offender registration risk 意识到性犯罪者登记风险的青少年中的同伴影响、感知成本与收益与性犯罪之间的关系

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2625

Cynthia J. Najdowski, Hayley M. D. Cleary, Paige M. Oja

引用次数: 0

DSM-5-TR diagnosis as a guide to suicide risk assessment DSM-5-TR诊断作为自杀风险评估指南。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2617

Alan R. Felthous, Neha Kulkarni, Catalina Belean

{"title":"DSM-5-TR diagnosis as a guide to suicide risk assessment","authors":"Alan R. Felthous, Neha Kulkarni, Catalina Belean","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2617","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2617","url":null,"abstract":"A specific mental disorder can itself constitute a risk factor for a completed suicide. Even more important, the disorder is typically a modifiable risk factor which informs its own treatment. Recent editions of the DSM have included “suicide subsections” for specific mental disorders and conditions in which the risks of suicidal thoughts and behaviors for the disorder are noted in the literature. The DSM-5-TR can therefore serve as a compendium to be referred to for initial guidance as to whether a specific disorder could contribute to the risk. Adding completed suicides and suicide attempts, also addressed in these subsections, the sections were examined individually for the four parameters of suicidality. Accordingly, the four parameters of suicidality examined here are: suicide, suicidal thoughts, suicidal behavior, and suicide attempts. After providing interpretive comments for each, the parameters for all disorders with a suicide subsection were tabulated for ease of reference. Because specific medical disorders are also associated with elevated rates of suicide, these disorders and the supporting research are tabulated and briefly acknowledged. Allowing for the limitations of the suicide subsections and their analysis, this exegesis is proposed to contribute to training in risk assessment for forensic psychiatry and psychology fellows and to highlight the potential referential value of the DSM-5-TR's suicide subsections for clinical practitioners and those who pursue research on suicide.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 5","pages":"373-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9413997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ruling out feigned crime-related amnesia? A response to Acklin (2022) 排除与犯罪有关的假装失忆?对阿克林的回应(2022)

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2623

Steven James Rubenzer

{"title":"Ruling out feigned crime-related amnesia? A response to Acklin (2022)","authors":"Steven James Rubenzer","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2623","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2623","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent paper, Acklin discussed a case of possible amnesia for a murder in terms of neurobiology, psychoanalysis, and personality assessment. Acklin accepted the defendant's claim of amnesia for the crime as genuine. The considerable literature that takes a skeptical view of crime-related amnesia was not cited, and the possibility of feigning or malingering was “ruled out” with a single sentence that does not withstand scrutiny. A review of the literature on feigned amnesia suggests that it may not be possible to rule out malingering even if the best available tools are used: There has been minimal investigation of most validity tests and estimates of base rates of feigned amnesia for a crime vary widely and make estimates of Negative Predictor Power highly unreliable. Although one cannot know from the information presented if Acklin's defendant legitimately experienced amnesia, feigning could not be ruled out using an interview and the test data cited by Acklin. I call for a moratorium on publication of further articles on crime specific amnesia that do not conscientiously examine other potential explanations and do not use current best practices for assessing negative response bias.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 4","pages":"207-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9916767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluations of competence to stand trial are evolving amid a national “competency crisis” 在国家“能力危机”中，对受审能力的评估正在演变。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2620

Daniel C. Murrie, W. Neil Gowensmith, Lauren E. Kois, Ira K. Packer

引用次数: 0

The forensic assessment of dissociation: Distinguishing real from the unreal 分离的法医学评估：区分真实与虚幻。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2622

Charles L. Scott, Amanie M. Salem, William W. Tindell, Hunter K. Neely, Austin W. Blum

引用次数: 1

Examiners' perceptions of forensic mental health assessments conducted via videoconferencing 审查员对通过视频会议进行的法医心理健康评估的看法。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2621

Josie Skala, Jacob X. Chavez, Katelin Anderson, Chinmoy Gulrajani

{"title":"Examiners' perceptions of forensic mental health assessments conducted via videoconferencing","authors":"Josie Skala, Jacob X. Chavez, Katelin Anderson, Chinmoy Gulrajani","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2621","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2621","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic led to an acceleration in the adoption of videoconferencing (VC) for conducting forensic mental health evaluations (forensic mental health assessments [FMHA]). Two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, we administered a survey to 71 Minnesota-licensed forensic evaluators. Approximately two-thirds (65.7%) had started using VC for FMHA only after the pandemic, though a combined 84.5% reported performing FMHA via VC frequently at present. A striking 43.7% of respondents preferred VC for FMHA over in-person evaluation, and another 22.5% expressed no preference between modalities. Further, nearly 70% of respondents denied there were any populations for which they would never use VC to complete an FMHA. We conclude that the widespread adoption of VC for FMHA with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has induced a lasting change in the practice of FMHA. We postulate that with further advancements in technology and the development of testing instruments that can be administered online, the use of VC for FMHA will become standard practice.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"41 5","pages":"292-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2621","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9165960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Serial sexual murder by juveniles and the role of sexual sadism: An international study 青少年连环性谋杀与性虐待狂的作用：一项国际研究。

IF 1.4 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2023-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2616

Wade C. Myers, Mark Safarik, Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan, Enzo Yaksic

引用次数: 0