Behavioral Sciences & the Law最新文献

Judges at Risk: A Review of Homicides of U.S. Judges. 危险中的法官：对美国法官谋杀案的回顾。

IF 1.3 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70012

William N Robiner, Eugene Borgida

引用次数: 0

Consent Myths and Norm Violation Responses: Reconceptualizing Rape Myth Theory in Sexual Assault Sentencing in China. 同意神话与违反规范的反应：中国性侵判决中强奸神话理论的再认识。

IF 1.3 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70016

Yali Peng, Xiaohong Yu

{"title":"Consent Myths and Norm Violation Responses: Reconceptualizing Rape Myth Theory in Sexual Assault Sentencing in China.","authors":"Yali Peng, Xiaohong Yu","doi":"10.1002/bsl.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.70016","url":null,"abstract":"Criminal sentencing in sexual assault cases exhibits systematic disparities based on victim-offender relationships, yet existing theoretical explanations remain inadequate for understanding the underlying cognitive mechanisms. This study reconceptualizes rape myth theory by distinguishing between two distinct cognitive structures: consent myths that operate through everyday cultural reinforcement, and norm violation responses that activate through moral boundary violations. Analyzing 7701 Chinese rape case judgments (2012-2020), we demonstrate that these mechanisms produce opposing sentencing effects. Consent myths lead to sentencing discounts of 5%-9% for acquaintance and intimate partner cases, while norm violation responses trigger 25% longer sentences for familial cases. This dual-structure framework explains previously puzzling cross-cultural patterns, including why Chinese courts impose harsher punishment on family members than strangers. We identify two critical moderating factors that interact differently with these myth types. Lay assessor participation produces \"accidental equity\" through generalized punitiveness, compressing relationship-based disparities via universal severity rather than bias correction. Provincial modernization demonstrates contradictory effects: reducing consent myth influence through changing gender norms while simultaneously amplifying norm violation responses through heightened moral sensitivity. Crucially, female educational advancement proves more effective than general economic growth in reducing rape myth influence.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two Views of Invalid Response Set and Malingering Attributions in Forensic Assessment: Credibility and Non-Credibility. 司法鉴定中无效反应集与诈欺归因的两种观点：可信与不可信。

IF 1.3 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70013

Gerald Young, Laszlo A Erdodi, Luciano Giromini

{"title":"Two Views of Invalid Response Set and Malingering Attributions in Forensic Assessment: Credibility and Non-Credibility.","authors":"Gerald Young, Laszlo A Erdodi, Luciano Giromini","doi":"10.1002/bsl.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.70013","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews two major sets of six articles on malingering and invalid response set, which have diametrically opposite conclusions on the value of performance and symptom validity tests (PVTs and SVTs) in forensic and related disability assessments (FDRA). First, we review the six-article series by the Leonhards, which takes the stance that PVTs and SVTs lack sufficient conceptual and empirical support to be utilized in FDRA. More specifically, the Leonhards criticize the circularity in using PVTs both as predictors and outcome criterion variables. Also, they argue that PVTs are highly correlated and collinear. However, we note that the Leonhards refer to PVTs as \"malingering\" tests, which they are not. Next, our article summarizes Young six-article series on invalid response sets, which (a) provides revised definitions of key terms; (b) proposes a new multivariate cutoff for invalid performance tied to the number of PVTs administered (\"the 30% rule\"); and (c) reviews research on the base rate of invalid response sets (generally below 30%). Finally, the present article reviews additional papers criticizing the Leonhards' approach, and introduces new data that support the standard approach. We recommend continued conceptual and empirical refinement, while re-affirming the utility of PVTs and SVTs in FDRA.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generative Artificial Intelligence in Violence Risk Assessment: Emerging Technology and the Ethics of the Inevitable. 暴力风险评估中的生成式人工智能：新兴技术与不可避免的伦理。

IF 1.3 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70014

Neil R Hogan, Gabriela Corăbian

引用次数: 0

The Transformation of Mohamed Atta: The Relevance of Personality in Radicalization. 穆罕默德·阿塔的转变：个性与激进化的关联。

IF 1.3 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70011

Peter Langman

引用次数: 0

False Confessions: A Study Space Analysis. 虚假自白：一个研究空间分析。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70008

Laura Farrugia

引用次数: 0

Public Estimations and Attitudes Towards the Insanity Plea in the United States: A Replication of Seminal Studies From the 1980's. 美国公众对精神错乱辩护的评价和态度：1980年代开创性研究的再现。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70009

Charis Blake, Christopher A Modica

{"title":"Public Estimations and Attitudes Towards the Insanity Plea in the United States: A Replication of Seminal Studies From the 1980's.","authors":"Charis Blake, Christopher A Modica","doi":"10.1002/bsl.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.70009","url":null,"abstract":"A series of pioneering studies from the late 1970s and early 1980s evidenced that the general public held grossly inaccurate estimations of the frequency and success of the insanity plea, as well as significantly negative attitudes towards the plea. Since the 1980s replications of these findings are nonexistent and, perhaps consequently, contemporary scholars continue to rely on the findings of these studies when discussing the general population's understanding of the insanity defence. We replicated several major research findings from this body of literature by conducting a cross-sectional, online-administered, self-report study of 257 adults aged 18-65 within the general US population by administering the same questions as found in previous studies, and additional questions. Results support each of our hypotheses; compared to the two past representative studies, participants in this study believed that the insanity plea was used less frequently, was less successful when employed, was not as abused or overused, and was more acceptable as a defence. Throughout the paper we conjecture why attitudes and estimations may have shifted over the past 40 years. We also explicate how our results can be useful to lawyers or psychologists; primarily by elucidating attitudes and knowledge of the plea among prospective jurors.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing Detection Strategies for Feigned Mental Disorders Across the Decades. 在过去的几十年里，推进佯装精神障碍的检测策略。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70007

Richard Rogers, Samantha R Strickland

引用次数: 0

Under-Interpretation of Neuroimaging Data in Insanity Assessment: A Hidden Risk. 精神错乱评估中神经影像学数据的解读不足：一个隐藏的风险。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70006

Camilla Frangi, Alexa Schincariol, Pietro Pietrini, Giuseppe Sartori, Stefano Ferracuti, Cristina Scarpazza

{"title":"Under-Interpretation of Neuroimaging Data in Insanity Assessment: A Hidden Risk.","authors":"Camilla Frangi, Alexa Schincariol, Pietro Pietrini, Giuseppe Sartori, Stefano Ferracuti, Cristina Scarpazza","doi":"10.1002/bsl.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.70006","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroimaging data can provide valuable insights into insanity evaluations, but the debate over its use for legal purposes is far from resolved. While much attention has been given to the risks of over-interpretation, potential errors stemming from under-interpretation received less scrutiny. In this paper, we aim to showcase how this error may influence the results of an insanity evaluation by presenting an Italian forensic case. The defendant presented with intellectual disability and psychotic symptoms coupled with multiple brain abnormalities that were interpreted as variant of normal neuroanatomy. The case is discussed in detail. This article offers an insight into a neglected issue in forensic neuroscience, destined to gain prominence as this discipline becomes increasingly important in criminal justice systems worldwide. We recommend the use of a multidisciplinary approach to insanity to reduce the likelihood of error. In this context, neuroimaging can play an important role, and its interpretation should strictly adhere to guidelines to minimize the possibility of both over-interpretation and under-interpretation.","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transgender Individuals and the Law: Part I Introductory Essay. 跨性别者与法律：第一部分导论。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70005

Margarita Abi Zeid Daou, Alan R Felthous

引用次数: 0