发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Behavioral Sciences & the Law最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Perceived Security, Confidence in the Police and Subjective Well-Being in Hong Kong: Evidence from the World Values Survey. 香港人的安全感、对警察的信心与主观幸福感：来自世界价值观调查的证据。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70001
Melody W S Ip, Heng Choon Oliver Chan
{"title":"Perceived Security, Confidence in the Police and Subjective Well-Being in Hong Kong: Evidence from the World Values Survey.","authors":"Melody W S Ip, Heng Choon Oliver Chan","doi":"10.1002/bsl.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The legitimacy of the Hong Kong police has somewhat plummeted amid the Umbrella Movement in 2014 and the Pro-Democracy Movement in 2019. This study aims to explore the dynamics among Hong Kongers' perception of security, confidence in the police, and their subjective well-being using the Wave 7 (2017-2022) of the World Values Survey (WVS-7). Analysing the Hong Kong data that sampled 2075 participants (18 years and above; 952 males and 1123 females, Mage = 47.2 years), feelings of security and neighbourhood deviant behaviours (i.e., perceived security), and life satisfaction and happiness (i.e., subjective well-being) are used to explore their effects on the participants' confidence in the police. The findings indicate that the participants' feelings of security are positively correlated with their well-being and confidence in the police, respectively. Despite its nonsignificant moderation effect, this study found a significant mediation effect of the participants' confidence in the police in the relationship between their perception of security and well-being. Significant sociodemographic differences (i.e., gender, age, social class) in the participants' life satisfaction and happiness are also observed. These findings have important practical implications in areas such as public education and policy development/refinement, with the aim to foster Hong Kongers' confidence in the police and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Satire Versus Illicit: Policy Issues Regarding the Creation of Deepfakes Using AI Technology. 讽刺与非法：关于使用人工智能技术创建深度伪造的政策问题。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2726
Christopher S Peters, Abby J McGinnis, Sungjin Im, Hannah L Hennessey
{"title":"Satire Versus Illicit: Policy Issues Regarding the Creation of Deepfakes Using AI Technology.","authors":"Christopher S Peters, Abby J McGinnis, Sungjin Im, Hannah L Hennessey","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of deepfake technology, which uses artificial intelligence to create hyper-realistic videos or images by superimposing one person's face onto another's body, presents significant legal, ethical, and societal challenges. This study explores public perceptions of deepfakes, focusing on their legality and ethical implications. Participants evaluated various scenarios that differed in purpose (illicit or satirical) and the target's public profile (e.g., celebrity, politician, private citizen). Results revealed a generally negative view of deepfakes, with illicit deepfakes being less acceptable than satirical ones and those involving private citizens deemed the least permissible. Penalties for creators of illicit deepfakes were harsher, particularly when perceived harm and intent to harm were significant factors. The results highlight the importance of developing legal frameworks on deepfake creation, as well as possible practical implications within the realm of forensic psychology.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond the Evidence: How Race, Chronological Age, and Developmental Age Shape Juror Verdicts in Sexual Assault Cases. 超越证据：种族、实足年龄和发育年龄如何影响性侵犯案件中陪审员的判决。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2725
Bailey M Fraser, Emily Pica, Joanna D Pozzulo, Jenna Korn, Claire Scharfe
{"title":"Beyond the Evidence: How Race, Chronological Age, and Developmental Age Shape Juror Verdicts in Sexual Assault Cases.","authors":"Bailey M Fraser, Emily Pica, Joanna D Pozzulo, Jenna Korn, Claire Scharfe","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an overrepresentation of Indigenous people (both as accused and victims of crime) and those with developmental delays in the Canadian Criminal Justice System. The current research examined the influence of defendant and victim race (involving Indigenous people), as well as defendant developmental and chronological age, on mock-jurors' perceptions and decisions in sexual assault cases. Experiment 1 examined the influence of defendant and victim race (Indigenous or White), and defendant chronological age (16- or 36-year). Experiment 2 examined defendant race (Indigenous or White), defendant developmental age (14- or 24-year), and defendant chronological age (14- or 24-year). In both experiments, mock-jurors rendered more guilty verdicts when the defendant was White, compared to Indigenous. Mock-jurors also were more lenient to the chronologically younger defendant in Experiment 1 and the developmentally younger defendant in Experiment 2. Finally, mock-jurors' acceptance of rape myths was assessed; higher endorsement was associated with lower guilt ratings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond Legal Rights: Understanding Mental Health and Autonomy in Criminal Self-Representation. 超越法律权利：理解心理健康和刑事自我代理的自主性。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2724
Shai Farber
{"title":"Beyond Legal Rights: Understanding Mental Health and Autonomy in Criminal Self-Representation.","authors":"Shai Farber","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This qualitative study examines criminal defendants who waived legal representation to self-represent in court. Through interviews with 16 participants and courtroom observations, findings reveal intersecting factors driving this decision: mental health challenges, desire for autonomy, attorney mistrust, dissatisfaction with past legal experiences, and underestimation of legal complexities. The research highlights defendants' vulnerability when exercising this right and connects negative prior legal encounters with self-representation choices. These insights into Israeli pro se defense suggest policy reforms balancing autonomy with support mechanisms. By prioritizing defendants' narratives, this research illuminates self-representation's social and psychological dimensions, advancing discourse on this understudied phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bias in Sentencing Men for Sexual Offenses Against Minors: Male Victims Bring More Punitive Sentences Than Female Victims. 对男性性侵未成年人的判决偏见：男性受害者比女性受害者受到更严厉的判决。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2720
Shawn M Rolfe, Bruce Rind, Thomas K Hubbard
{"title":"Bias in Sentencing Men for Sexual Offenses Against Minors: Male Victims Bring More Punitive Sentences Than Female Victims.","authors":"Shawn M Rolfe, Bruce Rind, Thomas K Hubbard","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior theoretical and empirical research examining the influence of sex on sentencing has been primarily concerned with the sex of the offender, as opposed to the victim. The present study drew on a convenience sample of males (n = 1190) in state and federal correctional facilities across the country, examining minimum sentences in relation to crime type. The analysis focused on individuals convicted of contact or enticement sexual offenses against minors (n = 380), finding that adult male offenders were sentenced to longer sentences when involved with male versus female victims. When victims were aged 14-17, male victims yielded a median minimum sentence of 30 years, twice that for female victims (15 years). For younger age groups, the difference narrowed. These findings suggest that prejudicial sentencing is not limited to race/ethnicity but also includes sexual orientation. Future research should continue to examine victim sex in sex offense punishment. Policy implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Sorting Things out": A Scoping Review of Sexual Homicide Typologies. “整理事情”：性杀人类型学的范围审查。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2722
Eric Beauregard, Julien Chopin
{"title":"\"Sorting Things out\": A Scoping Review of Sexual Homicide Typologies.","authors":"Eric Beauregard, Julien Chopin","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual homicides are complex crimes that have been the focus of numerous classification systems aimed at aiding investigations, understanding offender behavior, and informing treatment plans. Over the past 25 years, a variety of typologies have been developed to categorize these offenses. This scoping review examines these typologies, exploring their evolution and the key offender, victim, and crime characteristics used to define them. The review identifies 19 empirical typologies from Canada, France, the UK, South Africa, and other regions, most of which are based on police and offender data. Typologies typically include categories such as \"sadistic\" and \"anger-driven\" homicides, though the number of types varies across studies. Moreover, the review highlights gaps in current research, such as limited sample sizes and the need for more diverse cultural perspectives. Recommendations are made for developing a more comprehensive and validated typology that incorporates broader data sources and modern methodologies, such as machine learning techniques, to enhance profiling, investigation, and prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using the Moral-Situational-Action Model of Extremist Violence (MSA-EV) to Assess Fluctuating Levels of Risk in Women: The Relevance of Risk, Promotive, and Protective Factors. 利用极端主义暴力的道德-情境-行动模型（MSA-EV）评估妇女波动的风险水平：风险、促进因素和保护因素的相关性
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2721
Janet I Warren, Anita A Grabowska, April Celeste Gould, Terri Patterson, Gregory B Saathoff, Andrea Fancher, Donald E Brown
{"title":"Using the Moral-Situational-Action Model of Extremist Violence (MSA-EV) to Assess Fluctuating Levels of Risk in Women: The Relevance of Risk, Promotive, and Protective Factors.","authors":"Janet I Warren, Anita A Grabowska, April Celeste Gould, Terri Patterson, Gregory B Saathoff, Andrea Fancher, Donald E Brown","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our research examines the Moral Situational Action Model of Extremist Violence (MSA-EV) in differentiating radicalized women who are likely to proceed to acts of lethal violence from those who are not using an additional risk, protective, and promotive paradigm that has not been applied to this data previously Using the same unique dataset of 300 female terrorists, we found that risk factors were more common than promotive and protective factors but that all three elements were identified across all three domains of the MSA-EV. The propensity domain included 14 risk factors, seven protective factors, and five promotive factors; the mobilization domain 25 risk factors, one protective factor, and three promotive factors; and the action-capacity-building domain nine risk factors, three protective factors, and three promotive factors. As suggested by Wikström, these three categories of predictive variables were not cumulative in nature. Rather, they captured distinctive types of information that could be used differentially to inform investigations, interventions, and issues of primary prevention. These findings offer support to Farrington's (2016) description of the RPP paradigm as one that allowed researchers to \"[l]ink explanation and prevention, link fundamental and applied research, and link scholars, policymakers, and practitioners.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Similarities and Differences in Trauma Bonding Among Young Adults in the U.S. and Kenya: Implications for Forensic Assessment. 美国和肯尼亚青少年创伤结合的异同：法医评估的意义》。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2723
Tiffany Chenneville, Klejdis Bilali, Serena Wasilewski, Joan Reid
{"title":"Similarities and Differences in Trauma Bonding Among Young Adults in the U.S. and Kenya: Implications for Forensic Assessment.","authors":"Tiffany Chenneville, Klejdis Bilali, Serena Wasilewski, Joan Reid","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma bonding-a phenomenon wherein victims become attached to their abusers-remains critical in forensic criminology, particularly within the sex trafficking context. Despite extensive trauma bonding research, few validated measures exist and studies addressing its manifestation in different cultures is limited. This study addressed these gaps by comparing findings from validation studies of the Trauma Bonding Scale for Adults (TBSA) among young adults aged 18-29 in the U.S. (N = 619) and Kenya (N = 538). Participants completed an anonymous Qualtrics XM survey containing demographic items, the TBSA, and a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) measure. Findings revealed that PTSD correlated with and predicted trauma bonding in both U.S. and Kenyan samples despite differences in PTSD and trauma bonding symptoms between samples. Implications for forensic assessment, classification, and intervention are discussed, highlighting the need for valid trauma bonding assessment across settings to identify and address culturally diverse victims' needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk Perception and Risk Communication: Multi-Actor Perspectives on Pretrial Decision-Making. 风险认知与风险沟通：审前决策的多行为者视角。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2717
Ashley E Rodriguez, Evan M Lowder, Peyton Frye
{"title":"Risk Perception and Risk Communication: Multi-Actor Perspectives on Pretrial Decision-Making.","authors":"Ashley E Rodriguez, Evan M Lowder, Peyton Frye","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As jurisdictions across the United States implement pretrial risk assessments to advance pretrial reform, there has been a limited research focus on factors affecting risk assessment-guided decision-making. To advance this work, this study examined: (1) differences in perceptions of risk and utility of risk assessment information by criminal-legal role; (2) whether static or variable risk assessment presentation affected pretrial release decisions, including the moderating role of offense violence; and (3) factors affecting risk assessment-guided decision-making more broadly. Vignettes were issued to 298 judges, pretrial officers, prosecutors, and defense attorneys across the United States with random assignment to a one-value probability (30%, 40%, or 50%) or a range of probabilities (30%-50%) risk estimate. Findings showed that risk assessment presentation did not affect decision-making, and decision-makers either subjectively interpreted the risk assessment value or created their own risk criteria. Results necessitate more training for pretrial decision-makers on interpreting risk assessment information.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transgender History, Part II: A Brief History of Medical and Surgical Gender-Affirming Care. 跨性别史，第二部分：医学和外科性别确认护理简史。
IF 1 3区 社会学
Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2719
Norah Oles, Rodrigo Fontenele, Margarita Abi Zeid Daou
{"title":"Transgender History, Part II: A Brief History of Medical and Surgical Gender-Affirming Care.","authors":"Norah Oles, Rodrigo Fontenele, Margarita Abi Zeid Daou","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The history of gender-affirming care (GAC) dates back millennia. Ancient records acknowledged gender variance and early attempts at medical/surgical treatment. The twentieth century saw significant advancements in GAC, particularly in the success of gender-affirming surgeries. The emergence of centers like the Johns Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic in the 1970s marked a turning point in GAC's recognition and acceptance. However, their sudden closure after just a few years hampered progress in GAC for the next several decades. In 2014, the Department of Health and Human Services overturned its prohibition on Medicare coverage for gender-affirming surgery, leading to greater access. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) guidelines have played a significant role in shaping contemporary GAC. The Standards of Care 8 (2022) emphasises patient-centered care and guideline flexibility. While challenges have marked the historical trajectory of GAC, it has also witnessed significant evolution which we review in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：481959085
Book学术官方微信