Behavioral Sciences & the Law最新文献_第4页

The Development of Legal Rights for Intersex Persons: Part I: The Diversity of Intersex Conditions 阴阳人法律权利的发展：第一部分：阴阳人状况的多样性。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2705

Alan R. Felthous, Chanchal Kahlon

{"title":"The Development of Legal Rights for Intersex Persons: Part I: The Diversity of Intersex Conditions","authors":"Alan R. Felthous, Chanchal Kahlon","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2705","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2705","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As the nature of transgender condition becomes better understood and the legal rights of transgender individuals are defined through court decisions and legislation, intersexuality ought not be overlooked. Potential commonalities as well as differences between intersexual and transgender individuals, clinically and psychosexually, may be mutually informing and relevant to their legal rights in ways that could implicate mental health services. In this review, the concepts of intersexuality and Disorders of Sexual Development are defined followed by a brief synopsis of the evolution of ancient conception of hermaphroditism into the vastly heterogenous biological conditions of today referred to as DSDs. A growing corpus of scholarly literature today argues that intersex persons should be regarded as having diverse sexual characteristics and as not disordered. Nonetheless, various conditions require understanding if the intersex person is to make informed decisions and if health providers are to recognize those conditions that constitute medical emergencies. This review and analysis compares intersex with transgender persons and provides current clinical and scientific knowledge as essential background for Part II, our following article on the advancement of legal rights of intersex persons.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 2","pages":"248-260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Sexual Behavior and Health in German Prisons and Forensic Psychiatric Hospitals 德国监狱和法医精神病院的性行为和健康管理。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2711

Hanna H. Hanss, Susanne Bründl, Maria Krasnova, Johannes Fuss

{"title":"Regulation of Sexual Behavior and Health in German Prisons and Forensic Psychiatric Hospitals","authors":"Hanna H. Hanss, Susanne Bründl, Maria Krasnova, Johannes Fuss","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2711","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2711","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Individuals housed in prisons or forensic hospitals experience significant restrictions on their sexual rights. There is a lack of data on how sexual behavior and sexual health of institutionalized persons are managed and to what extent they are based on shared guidelines or decisions of the individual staff. Using a standardized online questionnaire, the heads of 35 prisons and 32 forensic psychiatric hospitals across 14 German federal states were surveyed, reflecting the situation of 16,902 inmates and patients. The findings reveal an absence of shared guidelines as well as an institution-specific approach to sexual behavior and sexual health. Exploratory multiple linear regression identified four variables that predict differences in the regulation of individual's sexual behavior and sexual health: type of institution (prison or forensic hospital), percentage of institutionalized sex offenders, number of housed individuals, and an item concerning the sexuality-related attitudes of the respondent. Respondents, particularly in the field of forensic psychiatry, expressed a general desire for guidelines. Our study shows that possibilities for sexual expression and sexual health vary strongly, depending on the institution. Therefore, it appears useful and desirable to develop guidelines on how to regulate sexual behavior and sexual health of institutionalized individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 3","pages":"275-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2711","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk of What and Why? Disaggregating Pathways to Extremist Behaviours in Individuals Susceptible to Violent Extremism 风险是什么？为什么？易受暴力极端主义影响的个体走向极端主义行为的途径。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2710

Caitlin Clemmow, Nicola Fowler, Amber Seaward, Paul Gill

{"title":"Risk of What and Why? Disaggregating Pathways to Extremist Behaviours in Individuals Susceptible to Violent Extremism","authors":"Caitlin Clemmow, Nicola Fowler, Amber Seaward, Paul Gill","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2710","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2710","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Best practice in violent extremist risk assessment and management recommends adopting a Structured Professional Judgement (SPJ) approach. The SPJ approach identifies relevant, evidence-based risk and protective factors and requires experts to articulate hypotheses about a) what the person might do (risk of what), and b) how they've come to engage in the concerning behaviour (and why) (Logan 2021) to inform who, needs to do what, and when. Whilst the field continues to move towards adopting an SPJ approach, there remains a gap between what is known empirically and what is needed in practice. We apply psychometric network modelling to a sample of 485 individuals entered into Channel, the UK's preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) program. We model the system of interactions from which susceptibility to violent extremism emerges, providing data driven evidence which speaks to risk of what and why. Our research highlights a way to generate evidence which captures the multifactorial nature of susceptibility to violent extremism, to support professional decision making in the context of an SPJ approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 2","pages":"228-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bsl.2710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Classifying Female Sexual Homicide Offenders: A Latent Class Analysis of Murder Arrestees in the U.S. 分类女性性杀人罪犯：美国谋杀被捕者的潜在阶级分析

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2709

Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan, Matt DeLisi, Timothy G. Edgemon

引用次数: 0

Stranger Danger: Analyzing Offender Behaviors Based on Victim Approach Tactics in Sexual Homicide 陌生人危险：基于被害人接近策略的性杀人犯罪行为分析。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2708

Zena Rossouw, Eric Beauregard, Julien Chopin

引用次数: 0

False Confessions: An Integrative Review of the Phenomenon 虚假供述：对该现象的综合评价。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2707

Michael Welner, Matt DeLisi, Theresa Janusewski

引用次数: 0

An Exploration of Risk Factors for Further Police Contact Among Females Known for Online Child Sexual Exploitation Offenses 网络儿童性剥削犯罪女性进一步与警方联系的风险因素探讨。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2703

Erika Fortunato, Reneta Slikboer, Marie Henshaw, Denny Meyer, James R. P. Ogloff

{"title":"An Exploration of Risk Factors for Further Police Contact Among Females Known for Online Child Sexual Exploitation Offenses","authors":"Erika Fortunato, Reneta Slikboer, Marie Henshaw, Denny Meyer, James R. P. Ogloff","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2703","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2703","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite increases in online child sexual exploitation (OCSE) internationally, no study has examined risk factors for re-offending among females who perpetrate OCSE, resulting in limited knowledge regarding the idiosyncratic needs of this cohort. This study explored factors predictive of further police contact among 116 females known to police for OCSE offenses in Victoria, Australia. Four binary regressions were run for each of Any, Violent, and Non-Violent re-offending, with one regression each focusing on characteristics related to offending history, index offending, co-offending, and victimization. Predicted probabilities from each model were then input as predictors into a final binary regression for each recidivism type. Offending history emerged as the most robust predictor across re-offending types, even when controlling for other domains. Victimization and index offending also predicted Non-Violent re-offending, while co-offending was not predictive across any analysis. These preliminary findings have implications for the unique management needs of females who perpetrate OCSE.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 2","pages":"173-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International and Interdisciplinary Perspectives on School Violence and Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Cyber Deviance: An Introductory Essay 国际和跨学科的观点对学校暴力和欺凌，网络欺凌，和网络越轨：介绍性论文。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2704

Ji-Kang Chen, Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan

{"title":"International and Interdisciplinary Perspectives on School Violence and Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Cyber Deviance: An Introductory Essay","authors":"Ji-Kang Chen, Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2704","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2704","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>School violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber-deviance have become subject matters of great concern for various disciplines, such as social work, criminology, psychology, education, medicine, public health, and nursing. In the past years, scholars in different countries have adopted the theoretical perspectives developed in their respective disciplines to separately examine issues of school violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber deviance. For example, researchers in the field of social sciences tend to adopt psychosocial theories and perspectives, while public health scholars tend to adopt medical- or health-related theories. There is a call for the international and interdisciplinary perspectives to examine these topics and their potential interconnectedness. There is also an urgent need to systematic strategies, policies, and intervention to tackle school violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber deviance. The purpose of this special issue is to deepen our understanding of issues related to school violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber-deviance, to expand our cross-disciplinary and integrated perspectives on these topics, and to provide potential legal strategies, policy, and intervention to tackle these social problems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 2","pages":"169-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Forced-To-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS): A New Attitudinal Tool for Assessing Myths That Surround Female Perpetrated Sexual Violence Against Men 强迫穿透神话接受量表（FTP-MAS）：一种评估女性对男性实施性暴力神话的新态度工具。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2706

Siobhan Weare, Dominic Willmott

{"title":"The Forced-To-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS): A New Attitudinal Tool for Assessing Myths That Surround Female Perpetrated Sexual Violence Against Men","authors":"Siobhan Weare, Dominic Willmott","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2706","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2706","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new measurement tool designed to capture endorsement of myths surrounding female perpetrated sexual violence against men, specifically in ‘forced-to-penetrate’ cases. Data were collected among a sample of 4152 UK adults aged 18–55+ (52% female). Dimensionality and construct validity of the Forced-to-Penetrate Myth Acceptance Scale (FTP-MAS) was investigated using traditional Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) techniques separately for the complete sample, males only, and females only. CFA results indicated that FTP-MAS scores are best captured by a three-factor model (1. Distorted Sex and Gender Roles; 2. Harm Minimisation; 3. Offence Denial) across all samples tested. Excellent composite reliability and differential predictive validity were observed for all three subscales. The validated 22-item FTP-MAS constitutes the first measurement tool which allows for the assessment and evaluation of public attitudes towards female perpetrators who force men to penetrate them without consent. As such, this tool enables researchers to better understand the multi-faceted nature of these myths, assess prevalence in different contexts, and can also be used as an outcome measure in research seeking to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that aim to debunk endorsement of such myths and stereotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 1","pages":"158-168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One Person, Two Identities: The Problem of Legal Gender Recognition of a Transgender Person in Europe 一个人，两种身份：欧洲跨性别者的法律性别承认问题。

IF 1 3区社会学

Behavioral Sciences & the Law Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2702

Maciej Rzewuski

{"title":"One Person, Two Identities: The Problem of Legal Gender Recognition of a Transgender Person in Europe","authors":"Maciej Rzewuski","doi":"10.1002/bsl.2702","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bsl.2702","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The legal recognition of the gender status of transgender people in Europe (and indeed worldwide) is undoubtedly a complex and multifaceted issue, which has prompted academics and legal practitioners to raise numerous scientific questions and seek answers thereto. The gravity of this issue is heightened by the fact that the daily functioning of a transgender person in society as a person of registered (assigned at birth) sex that is incongruent with their self-perception exposes them to constant and conspicuous distress (the so-called gender dysphoria), often manifested in various forms of discrimination. The role of every European state should be to eliminate, or at least minimize, such distress and the risk of discrimination. One of the ways to attain these specified objectives may very well be the eponymous procedure of legal gender recognition for transgender people. This article was conceived with the perspective of human rights in mind. Consequently, its primary assertion is that the aim of every proceeding (be it judicial or administrative) concerning gender recognition is the realization of comprehensive protection of rights and freedoms for a transgender person. An additional aim of the present article is to attempt to facilitate the task of judges who adjudicate cases involving gender recognition, officials who process applications for changes in civil status records, and attorneys who represent transgender people in matters pertaining to changing a person's name and gender marker on identity documents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47926,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences & the Law","volume":"43 1","pages":"149-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0