Annual Review of Economics最新文献_第4页

The Great Divide: Education, Despair, and Death. 巨大的鸿沟：教育、绝望和死亡。

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051520-015607

Anne Case, Angus Deaton

引用次数: 0

Early Childhood Development, Human Capital, and Poverty 幼儿发展、人力资本与贫困

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-092821-053234

O. Attanasio, S. Cattan, C. Meghir

{"title":"Early Childhood Development, Human Capital, and Poverty","authors":"O. Attanasio, S. Cattan, C. Meghir","doi":"10.1146/annurev-economics-092821-053234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-092821-053234","url":null,"abstract":"Children's experiences during early childhood are critical for their cognitive and socioemotional development, two key dimensions of human capital. However, children from low-income backgrounds often grow up lacking stimulation and basic investments, which leads to developmental deficits that are difficult, if not impossible, to reverse later in life without intervention. The existence of these deficits is a key driver of inequality and contributes to the intergenerational transmission of poverty. In this article, we discuss the framework used in economics to model parental investments and early childhood development and use it as an organizing tool to review some of the empirical evidence on early childhood research. We then present results from various important early childhoods interventions, with an emphasis on developing countries. Bringing these elements together, we draw conclusions on what we have learned and provide some directions for future research. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Economics, Volume 14 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":47891,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43265013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Spatial Sorting and Inequality 空间排序与不等式

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-110839

Rebecca Diamond, C. Gaubert

引用次数: 6

The Use of Scanner Data for Economics Research 扫描仪数据在经济学研究中的应用

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051520-024949

P. Dubois, R. Griffith, M. O'Connell

引用次数: 4

Enough Potential Repudiation: Economic and Legal Aspects of Sovereign Debt in the Pandemic Era 足够的潜在否认：大流行病时代主权债务的经济和法律方面

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-05-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-015731

Anna Gelpern, U. Panizza

{"title":"Enough Potential Repudiation: Economic and Legal Aspects of Sovereign Debt in the Pandemic Era","authors":"Anna Gelpern, U. Panizza","doi":"10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-015731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-015731","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews recent economic and legal literature on sovereign debt in light of the COVID-19 shock. Most of the core theoretical contributions across the two disciplines hinge on immunity, and the sovereign borrower's consequent inability to commit to repay foreign creditors, as the distinguishing attribute of sovereignty. We highlight a persistent gap between sovereign debt theories grounded in immunity and empirical evidence that the governments of low- and middle-income countries borrow far more than theory would predict. On the other hand, the governments of advanced economies, generally viewed as outside the scope of this literature before the euro area debt crisis, have shown themselves to be far more commitment challenged than previously supposed. We conclude that the traditional split between a literature concerned with developing economy sovereigns that repudiate debt and one concerned with advanced economies that do not is no longer appropriate (if ever it was). We argue that shifting some attention away from immunity to a different attribute of sovereignty—authority—could help bridge the gap between the two literatures. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Economics, Volume 14 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":47891,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49364945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Economics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poor Countries 贫穷国家COVID-19大流行的经济学

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051520-025412

Edward Miguel,Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak

{"title":"The Economics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poor Countries","authors":"Edward Miguel,Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak","doi":"10.1146/annurev-economics-051520-025412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-051520-025412","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has upended health and living standards around the world. This article provides an interim overview of these effects, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Economists have explained how the pandemic is likely to have different consequences for LMICs and demands distinct policy responses compared to those of rich countries. We survey the rapidly expanding body of empirical research that documents the pandemic's many adverse economic and noneconomic effects in terms of living standards, education, health, and gender equality, which appear to be unprecedented in scope and scale. We also review research on successful and failed policy responses, including the failure to ensure widespread vaccine coverage in many LMICs, which is needed to end the pandemic. We close with a discussion of implications for public policy in LMICs and for the institutions of international governance, given the likelihood of future pandemics and other major shocks (e.g., climate). Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Economics, Volume 14 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":47891,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Economics","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Helicopter Money: What Is It and What Does It Do? 直升机撒钱:它是什么?它有什么用?

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-020618

Ricardo Reis,Silvana Tenreyro

引用次数: 0

The Affordable Care Act After a Decade: Industrial Organization of the Insurance Exchanges 十年后的平价医疗法案:保险交易所的工业组织

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-114714

Benjamin Handel,Jonathan Kolstad

{"title":"The Affordable Care Act After a Decade: Industrial Organization of the Insurance Exchanges","authors":"Benjamin Handel,Jonathan Kolstad","doi":"10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-114714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-114714","url":null,"abstract":"The regulated insurance exchanges set up in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) were designed to deliver affordable, efficient health coverage through private insurers. It is crucial to study the complex industrial organization (IO) of these exchanges in order to assess their impacts during the first decade of the ACA and to project their effects going forward. We revisit the inherent market failures in health care markets that necessitate key ACA exchange regulations and investigate whether they have succeeded in their goals of expanding coverage, creating robust marketplaces, providing product variety, and generating innovation in health care delivery. We discuss empirical IO research to date and also highlight shortcomings in the existing research that can be addressed moving forward. We conclude with a discussion of IO research-based policy lessons for the ACA exchanges and, more generally, for managed competition of private insurance in health care. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Economics, Volume 14 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":47891,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Economics","volume":"30 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Economic Development Influences the Environment 经济发展如何影响环境

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-082321-123803

Seema Jayachandran

引用次数: 0

Risks and Global Supply Chains: What We Know and What We Need to Know 风险和全球供应链:我们知道什么和我们需要知道什么

IF 5.6 2区经济学

Annual Review of Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-113737

Richard Baldwin,Rebecca Freeman

{"title":"Risks and Global Supply Chains: What We Know and What We Need to Know","authors":"Richard Baldwin,Rebecca Freeman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-113737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-113737","url":null,"abstract":"Recent supply disruptions catapulted the issue of risk in global supply chains (GSCs) to the top of policy agendas and created the impression that shortages would have been less severe if GSCs had been either shorter and more domestic or more diversified. But is this right? We start our answer by reviewing studies that look at risks to and from GSCs and at how GSCs have recovered from past shocks. We then look at whether GSCs are too risky, starting with business research on how firms approach the cost-resilience trade-off. We propose the risk-versus-reward framework from portfolio theory as a good way to evaluate whether anti-risk policy is justified. We then discuss how exposures to foreign shocks are measured and argue that exposure is higher than direct indicators imply. Finally, we consider the future of GSCs in light of current policy proposals and advancing technology before pointing to the rich menu of topics for future research on the risk-GSC nexus. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Economics, Volume 14 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":47891,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Economics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0