贫穷国家COVID-19大流行的经济学

IF 6.8 2区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Edward Miguel,Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

COVID-19大流行颠覆了世界各地的健康和生活水平。本文对这些影响进行了初步概述,特别关注低收入和中等收入国家。经济学家解释了疫情对中低收入国家可能产生的不同后果,以及与富裕国家相比,需要采取不同的政策应对措施。我们调查了迅速扩大的实证研究机构,这些研究记录了疫情在生活水平、教育、健康和性别平等方面的许多不利的经济和非经济影响,其范围和规模似乎是前所未有的。我们还审查了关于成功和失败的政策应对措施的研究,包括未能确保在许多中低收入国家广泛接种疫苗,这是结束大流行所必需的。最后,我们讨论了鉴于未来可能发生大流行病和其他重大冲击(如气候),疫情对中低收入国家公共政策和国际治理机构的影响。《经济学年度评论》第14卷的最终在线出版日期预计为2022年8月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Economics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poor Countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has upended health and living standards around the world. This article provides an interim overview of these effects, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Economists have explained how the pandemic is likely to have different consequences for LMICs and demands distinct policy responses compared to those of rich countries. We survey the rapidly expanding body of empirical research that documents the pandemic's many adverse economic and noneconomic effects in terms of living standards, education, health, and gender equality, which appear to be unprecedented in scope and scale. We also review research on successful and failed policy responses, including the failure to ensure widespread vaccine coverage in many LMICs, which is needed to end the pandemic. We close with a discussion of implications for public policy in LMICs and for the institutions of international governance, given the likelihood of future pandemics and other major shocks (e.g., climate). Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Economics, Volume 14 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
3.60%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Economics covers significant developments in the field of economics, including macroeconomics and money; microeconomics, including economic psychology; international economics; public finance; health economics; education; economic growth and technological change; economic development; social economics, including culture, institutions, social interaction, and networks; game theory, political economy, and social choice; and more.
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