{"title":"\"I had no idea there were psychiatric clinics for children\": A qualitative study of how migrant parents reach Swedish mental health services for their children.","authors":"Ester Gubi, Anna-Clara Hollander, Sofie Bäärnhielm","doi":"10.1177/13634615241250203","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241250203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migrant children have repeatedly been shown to underutilize psychiatric services and to face barriers to care, yet few studies have examined the experience of migrant parents who are successful in their help-seeking efforts for their children's mental health. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of facilitators and obstacles to reaching care among migrant parents in contact with child psychiatric services. We explored how migrant parents in Stockholm, Sweden, experienced the process of reaching child mental health services. Participants were recruited from out-patient mental health clinics. Ten in-depth interviews were conducted; qualitative analysis of transcripts was undertaken using thematic content analysis. Parents described a desire to reach services but difficulties doing so on their own. We identified a strong dependence on referring agents, such as schools and child health centers, for parents to gain contact. Informants expressed a high degree of trust toward these agents. Contrary to previous studies, stigma was not described as an obstacle to help-seeking but was recognized by informants as a potential barrier to care had they not emigrated. Although participants in our study had differing educational backgrounds and residency times in Sweden, a common experience of reliance on others for reaching services was evident in the data. Our findings highlight the role of referring agents as bridging contacts between different welfare services. Understanding the specific local resources and services that are available to migrant parents, and strengthening these across different sectors, could potentially help reduce barriers to care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"842-857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness, barriers, and facilitators of interventions delivered by traditional healers for the treatment of common mental disorders: A systematic review.","authors":"Mujeeb Masud Bhatti, Najma Siddiqi, Hannah Jennings, Saima Afaq, Aatik Arsh, Bilal Ahmed Khan","doi":"10.1177/13634615241273001","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241273001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the effectiveness of interventions provided by traditional healers for common mental disorders (CMDs) together with associated barriers and facilitators. Electronic databases including MEDLINE, APA Psych Info, Allied and Complementary Medicine, Embase, CINAHL, Social Science Citation Index, and Scopus were searched from inception until October 2021. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing interventions by traditional healers for CMDs and qualitative and mixed-methods studies examining traditional healers and their attendees' views about the treatment of CMDs by traditional healers were included. Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment tool (RoB-1) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) were used for the quality assessment of studies. A meta-analysis and thematic synthesis were conducted. Sixteen RCTs (1,132 participants) and 17 qualitative or mixed-methods studies (380 participants) were included. Improvement in symptoms was greater for interventions by traditional healers compared to control groups for both depression and anxiety. Subgroup analyses indicated that only \"spiritual passe\" interventions showed improvement in depression and anxiety, and participants with co-morbid anxiety and physical conditions showed improvement in anxiety. Facilitators to engaging with interventions by traditional healers were shared faith-based worldview exhibited by traditional healers and their attendees and perceived effectiveness of traditional healing. Stigma and concealing mental illness were found to be barriers not only to formal healthcare but also to traditional healers' services. Interventions by traditional healers such as \"spiritual passe\" are effective in improving CMDs. However, evidence is still limited due to the low quality of studies and lack of long-term evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"885-904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1177/13634615241245872
Noah Ramos, Richard J McNally
{"title":"What variables predict stigmatizing attitudes toward people with mental disorders and their treatment in Filipinos and Americans?","authors":"Noah Ramos, Richard J McNally","doi":"10.1177/13634615241245872","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241245872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the United States, Asian Americans express greater stigma toward those with mental disorders and report lower rates of seeking mental health treatment than do White Americans. However, research on these topics in Filipino cultural groups, especially Filipinos living in the Philippines (i.e., Filipino nationals), is sparse. To support the design of interventions to decrease stigma and improve rates of seeking treatment, we assessed attitudes toward mental disorders and help-seeking in Filipinos. U.S. national (i.e., American) and Filipino national participants completed an online survey containing the Mental Illness Stigma Scale, a Theory of Planned Behavior questionnaire measuring attitudes toward seeking treatment, and queries regarding demographic and psychosocial factors. Filipinos expressed significantly more stigma regarding relationship disruption, interpersonal anxiety, and poor hygiene, alongside increased perceived subjective norms opposing seeking treatment and decreased perceived behavioral control over getting treatment if necessary. We ran a linear mixed effects regression on each nationality separately to identify relationships between stigma and psychosocial factors. For Filipinos, increased parental education predicted decreased perceived relationship disruption and interpersonal anxiety; urbanization was associated with greater trust in mental health professionals, and having a close relative with a disorder led to decreased belief in patient recoverability. For Americans, increased participant education predicted decreased interpersonal anxiety, increased perceived recoverability, and improved perceived behavioral control over getting treatment if necessary, and having a close relative with a disorder predicted improved perceived treatability. The results guide programs for decreasing stigma and increasing treatment-seeking behavior. Limitations, future research directions, and possible interventions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"811-822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1177/13634615241250205
Gilad Gal, Joseph Lourie, David Roe, Marc Gelkopf, Anwar Khatib, Efrat Shadmi
{"title":"Comparing outcomes of psychiatric rehabilitation between ethnic-religious groups in Israel.","authors":"Gilad Gal, Joseph Lourie, David Roe, Marc Gelkopf, Anwar Khatib, Efrat Shadmi","doi":"10.1177/13634615241250205","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241250205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychiatric rehabilitation for people with severe mental illness (SMI) has many documented benefits, but less is known about cultural related aspects. To date, no comparison of psychiatric rehabilitation outcomes between Israeli Jews and Israeli Arabs has been carried out. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to compare the outcome measures of Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews consuming psychiatric rehabilitation services. As part of the Israeli Psychiatric Rehabilitation Reported Outcome Measurement project (PR-ROM), a cross-sectional study comparing different ethnic-religious groups was performed. Data is based on 6,751 pairs of psychiatric rehabilitation consumers and their service providers. The consumers filled questionnaires on quality of life (QoL) and functioning, and their providers completed mirroring instruments. The findings revealed that QoL and functioning ratings were lower among Muslim Arabs compared to Jews on both consumers' and providers' ratings. Among Muslim Arabs, differences in outcomes according to the service's location were indicated. The observed differences between Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews with SMI in the PR-ROM point to the need for culturally adapted rehabilitation services that take into account how cultural differences may affect the benefits of such services.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"833-841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1177/13634615241253167
Benita A Bamgbade, Jamie C Barner, Carolyn M Brown, Kentya H Ford, William B Lawson, Kimberly Burdine
{"title":"Impact of a psychoeducational intervention on willingness to seek help for depression among African American young adults.","authors":"Benita A Bamgbade, Jamie C Barner, Carolyn M Brown, Kentya H Ford, William B Lawson, Kimberly Burdine","doi":"10.1177/13634615241253167","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241253167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the success of psychoeducational interventions at improving willingness to seek professional help for mental illness, limited research explores the effect of culturally tailored psychoeducational interventions on African American (AA) college students. The objective of this study was to determine if exposure to a culturally relevant psychoeducational intervention impacted AA young adult attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, depression stigma, disclosure and willingness to seek help for depression. We conducted a one-group pre- and post-test intervention study of AA college students (N = 75). The 2.5-h intervention featured presentations, large-group discussions, videos, and active learning exercises and was guided by applying a cultural adaptation framework to an existing psychoeducational intervention. The self-administered surveys were created using the Theory of Planned Behavior as a guide. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests. A total of 70 participants completed both pre- and post-test surveys. Overall, willingness, attitude, and disclosure significantly increased after the intervention (<i>p</i> < .001). Additionally, depression stigma significantly decreased after the intervention, indicating fewer stigmatizing beliefs about depression (<i>p</i> < .001). Willingness to seek help for depression among AA college students can be improved through culturally relevant and interactive psychoeducational interventions. These interventions can also improve negative attitudes and perceived behavioral control toward seeking help and decrease stigmatizing beliefs. More research is needed to explore the longitudinal impact of culturally relevant psychoeducational interventions and how they may affect actual help-seeking behavior among AA college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"858-871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1177/13634615241250220
Supalak Khemthong, Justin Newton Scanlan, Nicola Hancock
{"title":"Measurement properties of the Thai translation of the Recovery Assessment Scale - Domains and Stages (RAS-DS) and comparison of recovery experiences between Thai and Australian consumers living with serious mental illness.","authors":"Supalak Khemthong, Justin Newton Scanlan, Nicola Hancock","doi":"10.1177/13634615241250220","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241250220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personal recovery, a western conceptualisation that focuses on hope and living meaningful lives of choice rather than focusing on symptom reduction, is a more recent concept in many Asian countries including Thailand. One way to promote recovery-oriented service delivery is to use outcome measures that capture self-reported personal recovery. This study aimed to evaluate a Thai translation of a self-report measure of mental health recovery, the Recovery Assessment Scale - Domains and Stages (RAS-DS). The study also explored the cultural similarities and differences between Thai (<i>n</i> = 190) and Australian (<i>n</i> = 301) recovery experiences by comparing Thai and Australian participant responses to RAS-DS items. Data were analysed using Rasch analysis. Analyses revealed that the Thai version of the RAS-DS had adequate measurement properties. Cultural comparisons suggested that most aspects contained within the RAS-DS appear to be applicable across both Thai and Australian contexts. Three findings suggest linguistic or cultural differences in Thai and Australian recovery experiences: (i) a ceiling effect for Thai participants, (ii) some items were \"harder\" or \"easier\" for one cultural group to endorse than the other, and (iii) a few items were \"misfitting\" for Thai participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"823-832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-11-18DOI: 10.1177/13634615241296293
Diana Miconi, Anna Levinsson, Mohammed Abdullah Heel Kafi, Cindy Ngov, Tara Santavicca, Cécile Rousseau
{"title":"The protective power of dissent? A longitudinal study on cognitive and socio-emotional determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among young people in Canada.","authors":"Diana Miconi, Anna Levinsson, Mohammed Abdullah Heel Kafi, Cindy Ngov, Tara Santavicca, Cécile Rousseau","doi":"10.1177/13634615241296293","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241296293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 has elicited polarized reactions to public health measures, fueling anti-vaccination movements worldwide which indicate that vaccine hesitancy represents a common expression of dissent. We investigate changes in cognitive (i.e., trust in government, conspiracy beliefs, vaccine attitudes, and other COVID-19-related factors) and socio-emotional factors (i.e., psychological distress and social support) over time, and examine if these factors are associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A sample of Canadian young adults (<i>N</i> = 2,695; 18 to 40 years old) responded to an online survey in May/June 2021 (after the first vaccination campaign) and then in November 2021 (after vaccine mandates were introduced). Based on survey answers, participants were categorized as \"not hesitant\", \"hesitant\", and \"do not intend to get vaccinated\" at each time point. Results from generalized estimating equation models indicate that vaccination hesitancy decreased over time. The importance attributed to specific COVID-19-related factors (e.g., research and science about COVID-19 vaccines, opinions of friends and family) decreased whereas psychological distress increased over time. Cognitive and socio-emotional factors were associated with vaccine hesitancy, with participants who did not intend to get vaccinated reporting the lowest psychological distress scores. We argue that dissent may be an empowering way for young people to restore a sense of personal agency via the opposition to a system perceived as illegitimate and/or unfair. These results raise important questions about potential collateral effects of top-down government and public health interventions in times of crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"734-748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-06-11DOI: 10.1177/13634615241260726
Harry Collins
{"title":"Establishing veritocracy: Society, truth and science.","authors":"Harry Collins","doi":"10.1177/13634615241260726","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241260726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the west, truth is being eroded by post-modernist ideas such as alternative facts. Once truth is no longer valued it is a short route through nationalistic populism to fascism. To combat this we need to establish the idea of 'veritocracy' as a form of government. A veritocracy is a democracy in which truth is so highly valued that promising to tell the truth will become a central feature of politicians' election manifestos feeding back the idea of veritocracy deeper into national culture. A proper understanding of the nature of science can support the idea of veritocracy. This proper understanding will not repeat the mythology of post-World War II philosophy and history of science, but will begin with the much more socially cognisant revolution in our understanding of science that began in the 1960s and 1970s. Nevertheless, a 'wave three' of science studies will justify science, not as a certainty-maker for policy, but as the way to bet in developing the best understanding of the observable world. The key is that science depends on moral truth in its attempts to develop correspondence truth. Science, like the law, should be a 'check and balance' in pluralist democracies and an object lesson in how to pursue truth in decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"783-794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1177/13634615241296301
Laurence J Kirmayer
{"title":"<i>Science and sanity</i>: A social epistemology of misinformation, disinformation, and the limits of knowledge.","authors":"Laurence J Kirmayer","doi":"10.1177/13634615241296301","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241296301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent challenges to scientific authority in relation to the COVID pandemic, climate change, and the proliferation of conspiracy theories raise questions about the nature of knowledge and conviction. This article considers problems of social epistemology that are central to current predicaments about popular or public knowledge and the status of science. From the perspective of social epistemology, knowing and believing are not simply individual cognitive processes but based on participation in social systems, networks, and niches. As such, knowledge and conviction can be understood in terms of the dynamics of epistemic communities, which create specific forms of authority, norms, and practices that include styles of reasoning, habits of thought and modes of legitimation. Efforts to understand the dynamics of delusion and pathological conviction have something useful to teach us about our vulnerability as knowers and believers. However, this individual psychological account needs to be supplemented with a broader social view of the politics of knowledge that can inform efforts to create a healthy information ecology and strengthen the civil institutions that allow us to ground our action in well-informed picture of the world oriented toward mutual recognition, respect, diversity, and coexistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"795-808"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1177/13634615241296308
Fernando Garlin Politis, Mélissa Roy, Jeremy K Ward, Laëtitia Atlani-Duault
{"title":"Distort, post, repeat: Laundering antisemitism on \"cliquey networks\" during COVID-19.","authors":"Fernando Garlin Politis, Mélissa Roy, Jeremy K Ward, Laëtitia Atlani-Duault","doi":"10.1177/13634615241296308","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615241296308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today, in the age of the internet, during recent epidemics such as H1N1, Ebola and Covid-19, it is striking to see how old accusatory scripts are circulated and perpetuated via social media, which serve as new channels for discrimination and blame directed at traditional figures who have been scapegoated at different moments in the history of European epidemics. The article shows how the laundering of information into a cliquey network takes empirical shape during a health crisis. We do so by focusing on VKontakte, a Russian social network similar to Facebook and the 15th largest website in the world in terms of traffic. Using an ethnographic approach to social media, we show how borderline information from an open and easily accessible website is reappropriated, made explicit, and transformed into legally prohibited hate content. It also documents the ability of conspiracy theorists to use the full range of discourse production channels in a country-in this case France-that has very strict laws on hate speech, including that published on social networks. These laws are circumvented by anti-Semitic communities that spread false information in marginal, open and legal networks, thus avoiding legal proceedings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"756-766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}