Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1177/13634615221111025
Linda Liebenberg, Jenny Reich, Jeannine Faye Denny, Matthew R Gould, Daphne Hutt-MacLeod
{"title":"Two-eyed Seeing for youth wellness: Promoting positive outcomes with interwoven resilience resources.","authors":"Linda Liebenberg, Jenny Reich, Jeannine Faye Denny, Matthew R Gould, Daphne Hutt-MacLeod","doi":"10.1177/13634615221111025","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615221111025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the challenges facing Indigenous youth and their communities due to historical and contemporary institutionalised racism in Canada, communities are drawing on the richness of their own histories to reassert their cultural heritage. Doing so supports mental health outcomes of young people in particular, as highlighted in a compelling body of research. The question facing many communities, however, is how they can facilitate such child and youth engagement in order to support related positive mental health outcomes. This article reports on findings from a Participatory Action Research (PAR) study conducted in a First Nations community in Unama'ki (Cape Breton), Atlantic Canada. The study, <i>Spaces & Places</i>, was a partnership between the community-based mental health service provider (Eskasoni Mental Health Services, EMHS), eight community youth (14-18 years old), and a team of academics. Situated within a resilience framework, the team explored the ways in which the community facilitated, or restricted, youth civic and cultural engagement. Foregrounded against a strong legacy of cultural reassertion within the community, findings highlight the core resilience-promoting resources that support positive youth development. Additionally, findings demonstrate how these resources provide meaningful support for youth because of the way in which they are intertwined with one another. Furthermore, cultural engagement is underpinned by the Two-eyed Seeing model, supporting youth to integrate their own culture with settler culture in ways that work best for them. Findings support community-based service structures, and underscore the importance of community resilience in the effective support of Indigenous children and youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10265984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2022-12-07DOI: 10.1177/13634615221128679
Jared R Lindahl, Roman Palitsky, David J Cooper, Willoughby B Britton
{"title":"The roles and impacts of worldviews in the context of meditation-related challenges.","authors":"Jared R Lindahl, Roman Palitsky, David J Cooper, Willoughby B Britton","doi":"10.1177/13634615221128679","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615221128679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has shown that worldviews can serve as a coping response to periods of difficulty or struggle, and worldviews can also change on account of difficulty. This paper investigates the impacts worldviews have on the nature and trajectory of meditation-related challenges, as well as how worldviews change or are impacted by such challenges. The context of meditation-related challenges provided by data from the Varieties of Contemplative Experience research project offers a unique insight into the dynamics between worldviews and meditation. Buddhist meditation practitioners and meditation experts interviewed for the study report how, for some, worldviews can serve as a risk factor impacting the onset and trajectory of meditation-related challenges, while, for others, worldviews (e.g., being given a worldview, applying a worldview, or changing a worldview) were reported as a remedy for mitigating challenging experiences and/or their associated distress. Buddhist meditation practitioners and teachers in the contemporary West are also situated in a cultural context in which religious and scientific worldviews and explanatory frameworks are dually available. Furthermore, the context of \"Buddhist modernism\" has also promoted a unique configuration in which the theory and practice of Buddhism is presented as being closely compatible with science. We identify and discuss the various impacts that religious and scientific worldviews have on meditation practitioners and meditation teachers who navigate periods of challenge associated with the practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10328513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1177/13634615221149352
Christina Hennig, Emmanuel Delille, Thomas Müller
{"title":"Cross-cultural, transnational or interdisciplinary? Eric Wittkower's psychosomatic medicine and transcultural psychiatry in historical context.","authors":"Christina Hennig, Emmanuel Delille, Thomas Müller","doi":"10.1177/13634615221149352","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615221149352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article traces the career, scientific achievements, and emigration of the Berlin-born physician, psychoanalyst, and psychosomatic researcher Eric Wittkower. Trained in Berlin and practicing internal medicine, he became persecuted by the Nazi regime and, after fleeing Germany via Switzerland, continued his professional career in the United Kingdom, where he turned to psychosomatic medicine and worked in the service of the British Army during World War II. After two decades of service in the UK, Wittkower joined McGill University in Canada. His increasingly interdisciplinary work contributed to the establishment of the new research field of transcultural psychiatry. Finally the paper provides a detailed history of the beginning of the section of transcultural psychiatry at the Allan Memorial Institute.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6f/6b/10.1177_13634615221149352.PMC10504809.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10643831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2022-07-07DOI: 10.1177/13634615221105116
Ido Hartogsohn, Amir Vudka
{"title":"Technology and addiction: What drugs can teach us about digital media.","authors":"Ido Hartogsohn, Amir Vudka","doi":"10.1177/13634615221105116","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615221105116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comparisons between digital media and narcotic drugs have become increasingly common in the vigorous discussion on <i>smartphone addiction</i> and <i>technology addiction.</i> Commentators have used evocative terms such as \"digital heroin,\" \"electronic cocaine,\" and \"virtual drugs\" when discussing users' growing dependence on their devices. This article looks at the spreading discourse comparing digital media with drugs from a set of interdisciplinary perspectives including media studies, political economy, critical theory, science and technology studies, and addiction studies. It engages several key questions: To what extent can heavy smartphone use be considered an addiction, and how is it similar or different from drug addiction? How do the analogies between media and drugs fit within prevalent imaginaries of information technologies, and within the greater cultural themes and preoccupations of late capitalism? And finally, what can drugs teach us about the possible escape routes from our society's current predicament?</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/78/10.1177_13634615221105116.PMC10504808.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10296562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is it pathological to believe conspiracy theories?","authors":"Lisa Bortolotti","doi":"10.1177/13634615231187243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13634615231187243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to a naturalist conception of what counts as a disorder, conspiracy beliefs are pathological beliefs if they are the outcome of a cognitive dysfunction. In this article, I take issue with the view that it is pathological to believe a conspiracy theory. After reviewing several approaches to the aetiology of conspiracy beliefs, I find that no approach compels us to view conspiracy beliefs as the outcome of a dysfunction: a speaker's conspiracy beliefs can appear as implausible and unshakeable to an interpreter, but in a naturalist framework it is not pathological for the speaker to adopt and maintain such beliefs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9902526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1177/13634615231164524
Dany Fanfan, Carmen Rodríguez, Jeanne-Marie R Stacciarini
{"title":"Strès ak Pwoblèm Pap Janm Fini: Deciphering migration-related stress from the perspectives of Haitian immigrants in Florida.","authors":"Dany Fanfan, Carmen Rodríguez, Jeanne-Marie R Stacciarini","doi":"10.1177/13634615231164524","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615231164524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Relocating and starting a new life in a foreign country may entail a constellation of new stressors for Haitian immigrants; thus, research that enhances our understanding of how this vulnerable population contextualizes migration-related stress is necessary. The objectives of this study were to: (a) identify what factors are associated with migration-related stress, and (b) describe which and why specific migration-related stressors were most significant from the perspective of those suffering from high migration-related stress post migration via the stress proliferation lens of the stress process model. In this mixed-methods, sequential, explanatory pilot study, first-generation Haitian immigrants (<i>N</i> = 76) were recruited to operationalize migration-related stress, using the Demands of Immigration Scale (DIS). Participants (<i>n</i> = 8), who scored 25 or higher on the DIS, completed an in-depth audio-recorded follow-up interview that consisted of open-ended questions and a stressor-ranking questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, multiple linear regression (quantitative), and thematic analysis with a double-coded approach (qualitative) were employed to analyze the data. Female gender, older age, English fluency, and migration after the age of 18 years were associated with higher migration-related stress. However, only gender and English fluency predicted migration-related stress. In interviews, participants ranked five migration-related stressors as most stressful: language barriers, financial strains, loss of social networks, family conflicts, and exposure to discrimination/stigma. A nuanced depiction of migration-related stressors and proliferation mechanisms of migration-related stress may help identify areas where support and preventive efforts should be directed to improve social integration, stress levels, and mental well-being among immigrants.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10279370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/13634615231167720
Sara Daass-Iraqi, Paula Garber-Epstein, David Roe
{"title":"Facilitators and barriers in the implementation of a culturally adapted Arabic version of Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) among Palestinian Arabs in Israel.","authors":"Sara Daass-Iraqi, Paula Garber-Epstein, David Roe","doi":"10.1177/13634615231167720","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615231167720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) program has been implemented in several countries including Israel. This study examines, from the perspective of Arab practitioners, facilitators and barriers in the implementation of a culturally-adapted version of the IMR intervention among Arabs with serious mental illness in Israel. Fourteen Arab practitioners who had delivered the culturally adapted IMR were interviewed. The analysis of the interviews identified facilitators and barriers, divided into universal factors found when implementing the intervention elsewhere in the world, and culture-specific ones. Facilitators included the manual on which the intervention was based, bypassing verbal communication, ongoing supervision during implementation, the group process, co-facilitation and the cultural adaptations. The barriers included three universal ones: Meeting needs beyond IMR due to service shortage, Reputation is everything: Self- and social stigma and Pulling the others back: Difficulties in reading and writing-and one that was culture-specific: family over-involvement. Identifying facilitators and barriers in the implementation of the adapted IMR can contribute to the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in the mental health area. Notably, multiple culture-specific facilitators have been identified, as opposed to only one culture-specific barrier, suggesting that cultural differences may be overcome in implementing EBPs developed in the West.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10278443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1177/13634615231163993
Krystel Arpin-Gemme, Eden Noah Gelgoot, Alessandra Miklavcic, G Eric Jarvis
{"title":"Documenting language barriers in a general hospital psychiatry setting.","authors":"Krystel Arpin-Gemme, Eden Noah Gelgoot, Alessandra Miklavcic, G Eric Jarvis","doi":"10.1177/13634615231163993","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615231163993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has demonstrated that without the use of professional interpreters, language barriers interfere with patient care. The literature recommends documenting the presence of language barriers in medical charts. To our knowledge, this mixed methods study is the first to examine language documentation practices in a Canadian inpatient psychiatry setting. The research team interviewed 122 patients admitted to a tertiary care psychiatry ward in Montreal, Canada between 2016-2017 to assess their ability to communicate in the healthcare establishment's languages (English/French). Nineteen participants identified as having a language barrier were selected for a qualitative analysis of the retrospective audit of their medical charts. The presence of a language barrier was reflected in 68% of these charts. When a language barrier was documented, professional interpreters were never used. Our qualitative analysis, informed by literature on medical discourse, aimed to provide clinical, administrative, and organizational recommendations to optimize the utilization of interpreting services in psychiatric wards. Documentation of language data was inconsistently collected, often vague, and shed light on the clinical challenges involved in differentiating language barriers from psychopathology. Normalization of limited care for language diverse patients was reflected in the clinical notes. Findings show that a change of organizational culture is imperative to provide optimal care to language diverse patients. We recommend clinician education and standardization of documentation practices, along with institutional policies supporting the systematic use of professional interpreters in mental healthcare settings, to maximize human rights and patient safety, and to bring medical practices to an acceptable standard of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10279373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcultural PsychiatryPub Date : 2023-08-01Epub Date: 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1177/13634615231167661
Alec Terrana, Wael Al-Delaimy
{"title":"A systematic review of cross-cultural measures of resilience and its promotive and protective factors.","authors":"Alec Terrana, Wael Al-Delaimy","doi":"10.1177/13634615231167661","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615231167661","url":null,"abstract":"As psychological resilience has been increasingly recognized as contextually constructed, mixed methods studies that map out local ecologies of resilience have become increasingly common. However, the direct adaptation of quantitative tools for cross-cultural use based on qualitative findings has been relatively lacking. The current review aims to provide an overview of existing measures of resilience used cross-culturally and to synthesize the protective and promotive factors and processes (PPFP) of resilience identified within these measures into a single resource. A January 2021 search of PubMed for studies of the development of psychological resilience measures that excluded studies of non-psychological resilience yielded 58 unique measures. These measures contain 54 unique PPFP of resilience, ranging from individual to communal-level characteristics. This review is intended to serve as a complementary tool for adapting standardized measures for stakeholders requiring an assessment tool that is attuned to their context for mental health risk assessment and intervention evaluation.","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d8/87/10.1177_13634615231167661.PMC10504813.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10289141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpreter-mediated psychiatric assessments: Metacommunication as key.","authors":"Orest Weber, Jonathan Klemp, Florian Chmetz, Argyro Daliani, Esther-Amélie Diserens, Florence Faucherre","doi":"10.1177/13634615221119383","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13634615221119383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychiatric assessments of non-native migrant patients facilitated by an interpreter pose specific communication challenges to all participants. In this study, we developed an original interdisciplinary approach to the verbal and non-verbal practices in this triadic activity. The aim was a data-based description of challenges for clinicians and interpreters, and the identification of relevant strategies. We filmed, transcribed and translated 10 interpreter-mediated consultations focused on the psychiatric assessment of the patient. Subsequently, we submitted the consultations to clinical, interactional sociolinguistic, and interdisciplinary analyses. We identified six challenges for interpreters and clinicians engaged in psychiatric assessments: barely comprehensible and confusing speech, speech about emotions and subjective perceptions, sensitive remarks in relational terms, conclusive clinician interventions, interruptions during interpreter renditions, and non-verbal communication. Attempts by the interpreter to avoid relational offenses (protection of positive face) and to defend the participants' autonomy (protection of negative face) play a major role in these challenges. So does an insufficient awareness of mutual needs by the clinician and the interpreter. We identified specific strategies of inter-professional metacommunication for each challenge. Clinicians and interpreters should be aware of the challenges they may face in triadic psychiatric assessments. They should take a reflexive stance towards their common practices and may consider using metacommunication tools to reach better communicational and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47864,"journal":{"name":"Transcultural Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/b3/10.1177_13634615221119383.PMC10504803.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10287019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}