Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal最新文献_第9页

Stuck in transition? Artisanal mining, livelihood diversification and rural change in Sierra Leone 被困在转型中？塞拉利昂的手工采矿、生计多样化和农村变化

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101604

Roy Maconachie , Felix Marco Conteh

{"title":"Stuck in transition? Artisanal mining, livelihood diversification and rural change in Sierra Leone","authors":"Roy Maconachie , Felix Marco Conteh","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In mineral-rich regions of Sierra Leone, the diversification of livelihood portfolios is widespread, and rural communities have long pursued complex and dynamic strategies that involve the intertwining of mining and farming activities. In recent years, however, alluvial diamond deposits in the Eastern District of Kono have increasingly become ‘worked out’, and artisanal mining communities have had to adapt and demonstrate resilience. Building on a rich body of field-based research that the authors have carried out over the past 20 years, this paper critically explores both the constraints and opportunities that are currently shaping youth resourcefulness and self-reliance, as well as the government's policy response to rapidly changing conditions in mining communities. It argues that although it remains the case that artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) operations continue to dovetail with a wide range of other livelihood activities, they are fast becoming the alternative, as miners shift to other forms of livelihoods, including agriculture. This shift, the paper argues, is however not a smooth process, as miners making the transition are faced with a myriad of challenges including lack of access to finance and agricultural inputs. As a result, communities are ‘stuck’ in transition despite a renewed interest in farming driven by a parallel resurgence of associational life in rural areas. While the problem of youth marginalisation and unemployment in Kono have long received considerable attention from both the government and civil society, whether or not the evolving policy response is able to keep up with the current rapid pace of change in artisanal mining communities remains open to question.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards clean energy technologies: Assessing the supply potential of critical rare earth elements in China 迈向清洁能源技术：评估中国关键稀土元素的供应潜力

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101603

Han Ding , Jianping Ge

{"title":"Towards clean energy technologies: Assessing the supply potential of critical rare earth elements in China","authors":"Han Ding , Jianping Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid development of clean energy technologies will significantly increase the demand for rare earth elements (REEs). REEs such as dysprosium, terbium, praseodymium, and neodymium play an irreplaceable role in clean energy technologies like wind power equipment and electric vehicles. China is an important country for the supply of rare earths. Consequently, assessing China's supply potential and future trends of critical REEs is imperative. Considering the resource reserves, historical supply and the production characteristics of rare earth elements, we incorporated the parameter optimization algorithms into the multicyclic Generalized Weng model to obtain the production of critical REEs in China and quantify the supply potential. Our findings indicate that the supply potential of dysprosium peaks in 2030 at 15,900 tons (rare earth oxide equivalent), while terbium peaks in 2041 at 7,641 tons. Additionally, praseodymium will reach 7,606 tons in 2060 and neodymium will reach 33,560 tons in 2060, with peaks occurring after 2060. Compared with actual demand, it is found that there will be a supply shortage of dysprosium, neodymium, and praseodymium elements, and terbium will also face insufficient supply under high-demand scenarios. Based on these findings, policy recommendations are proposed to enhance REEs’ supply capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Industrial workers’ perceptions on just transition and work in four Finnish regions: Three-level solutions 芬兰四个地区产业工人对转型和工作的看法：三个层次的解决方案

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101592

Teea Kortetmäki , Suvi Huttunen , Marja Järvelä , Anni Turunen

{"title":"Industrial workers’ perceptions on just transition and work in four Finnish regions: Three-level solutions","authors":"Teea Kortetmäki , Suvi Huttunen , Marja Järvelä , Anni Turunen","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Just low-carbon transition raises pressing questions about the fate of workers in different industries and regions. Industrial decarbonization will influence job availability, quality, and regional economic structures even where industries are not foreseen to phase out. Yet, labour-oriented just transition studies have so far focused on fossil fuel industries neglecting other energy-intensive industries. This qualitative research article focuses on energy-intensive industries in four industrially significant localities in Finland. These industries are expected to undergo significant changes in their energy-intensive production processes. The article examines industrial workers’ work and employment related perceptions concerning decarbonization, climate policies, and worker-level and regional capacities to transform vis-à-vis vulnerability under decarbonization. The findings reveal that just transition appears not only as a regional but also as an intra-factory and worker-level challenge, requiring comprehensive addressing by multiple actors. Differing regional characteristics and companies’ decarbonization strategies link to different perceptions about transition prospects and related justice concerns. While some solutions suggested by workers are shared across all studied contexts, others relate to region- or industry-specific factors or socially vulnerable worker groups needing more support. The results also call for reassessing the relationship between public and private sector regarding their responsibilities for just transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unpacking the dual impact of informal gold mining on educational attainment in resource constrained Communities 在资源有限的社区，非正式金矿开采对受教育程度的双重影响

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101601

Tobias Tseer , Frederick Ngmenkpieo , Agape Kanyiri Damwah

{"title":"Unpacking the dual impact of informal gold mining on educational attainment in resource constrained Communities","authors":"Tobias Tseer , Frederick Ngmenkpieo , Agape Kanyiri Damwah","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporary studies on informal mining have often referred to the economic positives without much focus on the social benefits of it particularly relating to educational financing for youths in mining areas. This study contributes to this discourse by connecting educational attainment and informal mining among youths in the Nabdam District of Northeastern Ghana. The study relied on insights from individual interviews and focus group discussions with 62 participants who were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling techniques to explore how informal mining affect educational activities in the Nabdam District. The analysis of the collected data revealed that informal mining help miners to finance the educational continuity of their relatives while student miners self-finance their education from mining proceeds. On the negatives, we found that miners who are students share their time between schooling and miming affecting school contact hours. Fatigue from mining sites also affects their attention span and reduce their class participation levels. The study calls for the demilitarisation and democratisation of informal mining regulatory policies while recommending a community-based approach to regulating informal mining activities so as to ensure that communities benefit from improved incomes to finance education while preventing child labour and student involvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An integrated geoethical approach to the conservation of speleological geoheritage in mining contexts in Brazil 综合地质伦理方法，以保护洞穴地质遗产在采矿背景下在巴西

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101600

Úrsula de Azevedo Ruchkys , Darcy José dos Santos , Luciano José Alvarenga

{"title":"An integrated geoethical approach to the conservation of speleological geoheritage in mining contexts in Brazil","authors":"Úrsula de Azevedo Ruchkys , Darcy José dos Santos , Luciano José Alvarenga","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caves, as ancient landscape features, provide valuable records of the planet's evolutionary history, including paleontological evidence and climatic conditions. They are culturally significant, offering rich biodiversity, including endemic species, and holding diverse heritage values that span geological, paleontological, biological, archaeological, and cultural dimensions. This study compares the National Mining Plan 2030 with the Research Plan in the Ferruginous Geosystems of Carajás, aiming to identify areas of convergence and divergence, with a focus on geoethics. The goal is to foster informed discussions on the ethical challenges of managing speleological heritage in the context of mining. Through an extensive review of literature on geoethics, mining, and speleological heritage, the study examines legal frameworks, public policies, and ethical guidelines relevant to cave conservation and mining. The research, centered on the Brazilian Ferruginous Geosystems, utilises data from official documents, academic studies, and case analyses. The findings reveal significant conflicts between conservation efforts and mining interests. The National Mining Plan prioritizes economic growth, often at the expense of environmental and cultural preservation, while the Research Plan emphasizes the need to protect speleological heritage but lacks integration with mining policies. The study highlights the need for an integrated approach that balances economic development with environmental conservation, rooted in geoethical principles. It advocates for interdisciplinary research and integrated public policies to address the complexities of conserving caves while supporting mining activities, ensuring the preservation of natural and cultural heritage for future generations through a geoethical framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On industrial pasts and futures: Imagining a large-scale battery industry in Norway 工业的过去和未来：想象挪威的大规模电池工业

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101591

Anna-Sophie Hobi

引用次数: 0

Towards granularity in climate diplomacy research: hypothetical of U.S.-Bolivia lithium cooperation 气候外交研究的粒度化：美国与玻利维亚锂离子合作的假设

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101589

Nihar Chhatiawala

{"title":"Towards granularity in climate diplomacy research: hypothetical of U.S.-Bolivia lithium cooperation","authors":"Nihar Chhatiawala","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the Paris Agreement, an emergent body of scholarship has leveraged the data in Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to analyze climate diplomacy systems, illuminating policy failures wherein the false assumption of consensus as to the purpose of a global climate regime culminates in efforts that are deemed illegitimate or unactionable on a global scale. This research explores the utility of the nation-scale lens for designing and analyzing novel climate governance systems responsive to the nuances of official climate ambitions through the construction and analysis of a conceptual systems model that depicts, as a hypothetical, the U.S. and Bolivia as they mutually explore a non-market approach to cooperation, centered on the industrialization of Bolivia's lithium resources, towards the furtherment of their respective climate ambitions. Analysis of this system reveals meaningful insights concerning the role of non-market cooperation toward global climate ambitions, identification of strengths and weaknesses in governance systems amid uncertainty, risks of maladaptation in the climate-aligned industrialization of resources, and the dynamics between industrialized and developing nations amid the climate crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Models of lithium exploitation in Latin America: Is history repeating itself? 拉丁美洲的锂开采模式：历史会重演吗？

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101581

Rafael F. Jovine, María J. Paz

{"title":"Models of lithium exploitation in Latin America: Is history repeating itself?","authors":"Rafael F. Jovine, María J. Paz","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium is among the minerals most demanded for use in driving the energy transition of the global north. However, 61.5 % of world reserves are located in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. Based on an Institutional Political Economy approach, the first objective of this paper is to characterize the lithium exploitation models of each country based on analysis of the actors and regimes that configure them. Second, this paper evaluates whether the three countries are applying exploitation models distinct from the (neo)extractivist model, identifying the most decisive regimes and configurations of actors.</div><div>The analysis identifies measures that partially diverge from the (neo)extractivist model in Chile and Bolivia. In these cases, the State has played a crucial role in transforming the rules of the game and gradually paving the way for an industrialization agenda based on lithium. In contrast, Argentina shows a greater degree of subordination to transnational capital. Nevertheless, due to the reliance on demand from the Global North, mineral exploitation appears to perpetuate the primary-export model, thereby maintaining center-periphery development patterns. Despite the implementation of supply-side strategies, the absence of a domestic market for electric vehicles represents a structural limitation for these three countries in effectively advancing their own transition processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101581"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Myanmar borderlands as a green energy transition ‘sacrifice zone’: A case study of rare earth mining in Kachin state 缅甸边境作为绿色能源转型的“牺牲区”：克钦邦稀土开采的案例研究

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101579

Patrick Meehan , Mandy Sadan , Dan Seng Lawn

{"title":"The Myanmar borderlands as a green energy transition ‘sacrifice zone’: A case study of rare earth mining in Kachin state","authors":"Patrick Meehan , Mandy Sadan , Dan Seng Lawn","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the challenges of achieving a ‘just transition’ to a sustainable and low-carbon economy and the spatially uneven distribution of costs that such a transition entails. It does so from the vantage point of Myanmar's war-torn borderlands with China, which have emerged as a major source of heavy rare earth elements, crucial to technologies including electric vehicles and wind turbines. Through a fine-grained analysis of rare earth mining in northern Myanmar, this paper explores how critical mineral frontiers drive new forms of geographically uneven development and reveal the spatial effects of the green energy transition. Our research reveals how marginalised communities currently bear disproportionate social and environmental burdens for the green energy transition and emphasises that greater focus must be placed on <em>who</em> and <em>where</em> bears the costs of this transition by centring the needs and experiences of those living in green energy ‘sacrifice zones’. We argue that if the notion of a just transition is to be meaningful in any serious and pro-poor way, it must confront how such sacrifice zones are produced and what can be done to promote social and environmental justice in these places.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy transformation and industrial closures: Lessons for just transitions from the nationalized British coal industry 能源转型与工业关闭：英国国有化煤炭工业转型的经验教训

IF 3.6 2区社会学

Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.exis.2024.101576

Andrew Perchard , Keith Gildart

引用次数: 0