Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal最新文献

{"title":"Always and forever: Materializing an environmental public in Bristol Bay, Alaska","authors":"Danielle Dinovelli-Lang ,&nbsp;Karen Hébert","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2023.101324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2023.101324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we examine how residents of the Bristol Bay region of southwest Alaska, an area known for its vibrant salmon fishery, have mobilized to oppose the longstanding threat of large-scale mining in the Bay's headwaters. Drawing on ethnographic research in the region, we show how organizers and activists working to defeat the proposed Pebble Mine respond to unceasing if often unpredictable pressures that arrive in a distinctively erratic, fast-yet-slow fashion. Our analysis explores the implications of this condition for everyday efforts to bring together and maintain what we conceptualize as an environmental public: a community whose composition speaks to certain spatial, temporal, and material features associated with natural resources as well as to the bureaucratic demands of the resource-regulating, extraction-oriented state. By joining scholarship on resource temporalities with that on material publics, we add to studies of action in the face of extractivism in highlighting the tremendous behind-the-scenes labor and dexterity required to sustain an environmental public through the vicissitudes of a drawn-out struggle, requirements that in this case give rise to an always-and-forever political subjectivity primed for perpetual vigilance. While we focus on the specificities of the Pebble fight, we argue that this subjectivity and its burdens are central to a growing number of environmental contests today, as conditions of vulnerability are broadened at the same time that responsibility for confronting them proves unevenly distributed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local content management in Tanzania's extractive sector: How effective is it?","authors":"Abel Kinyondo","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is an assumption that a country's natural resource wealth, when harnessed, yields socioeconomic gains. This, however, has rarely been the case in developing countries. This has led many to implement resource-nationalist legal frameworks: to maximize public rents, secure strategic public ownership and facilitate local value-addition. Implementation of Local Content (LC) policies has been the most prominent resource-nationalistic strategy pursued by developing countries to achieve these outcomes. But while important, LC policies themselves do not necessarily guarantee success. It is against this background that this study set out to explore experiences of LC strategy in Tanzania, a country with a lengthy history of development strategies linked to extractive industries, with a view to assessing its effectiveness in delivering socioeconomic gains. Assessment of the LC experience in Tanzania's extractive industries underscores the importance of continuously reviewing the (LC) legal framework to ensure that it continues to be facilitative, prioritize communities’ needs, provide a clearer demarcation of mandates for various government institutions that oversee its execution, enable meaningful participation of grassroots authorities in governing, and enhance enforcement of regulations. In Tanzania, there is a need to build a manufacturing base to catalyze local value-addition and establish a funding mechanism for local suppliers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140013996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting gains: Extractivism, social movements, and the politics of policy implementation","authors":"Eduardo Silva ,&nbsp;Zaraí Toledo Orozco","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scholarship on social movements around conflicts over extractive development has advanced in identifying when movements are likely to impact policy adoption. Yet, in Latin America policies are rarely implemented – a reality that commonly leads conflicts to reignite. This introduction sheds light over this often overlooked issue. We focus on the politics of policy implementation – when and how social movements around extractive development have higher chances to favorably impact policy enforcement. To this end, we switch the attention from the strategies of social movements and their outcomes over policy implementation at the local level, to their cumulative impact on national-level policy. We argue for a comparative political economy approach that enables us to identify the systemic, intermediate, and short-term factors that impact the effect of movements on conflicts over policy implementation. Building on this approach, we propose three potential implementation outcomes – positive, status quo and rollback – depending on the degree to which they align with a movement's position. We conclude highlighting the contributions of the articles in this issue to the politics of policy implementation and providing some insights for social movements’ course of action to protect their gains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the use of AI in the mining industry: Insights and ethical considerations for multi-objective optimization","authors":"Caitlin C. Corrigan ,&nbsp;Svetlana A. Ikonnikova","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the effort to rapidly transform the way we use energy, valuable minerals are coming increasingly into high demand. Various metals, such as copper and cobalt, are required to advance new technologies and accelerate the lowering of carbon emissions. However, their extraction often comes with high societal and environmental costs. Therefore, developing ways to extract valuable minerals in a way that benefits global as well as an individual country's sustainability goals and mitigates direct and indirect negative impacts of extraction, is a worthwhile endeavor. Artificial intelligence (AI) enabled applications provide one avenue by which to potentially speed up this process. The question remains, how do we ensure AI is used in an ethical way that benefits communities, societal development, and environmental sustainability in the mining industry? In this article we give an overview of current and potential uses of AI in the mining sector and present some ethical considerations for the use of AI in the industry. We then outline a way forward to a more ethical and sustainable approach to using AI in the mining sector through multi-objective optimization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24000388/pdfft?md5=73dbf53adab320021e6cf3ca320506a8&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24000388-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140123310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successfully negotiating artisanal-industrial mining coexistence: A case study from Colombia","authors":"Leonardo Güiza-Suárez,&nbsp;Christoph Josef Kaufmann","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of informal mining within concessions frequently leads to clashes and conflict. Title holders typically insist on their legally sanctioned exclusive access to the subsoil, whereas artisanal miners often face persecution and criminalization because they operate without the necessary state licenses. In such contexts, schemes that legally sanction artisanal and industrial mineral coexistence within a concession are often presented as a pragmatic policy move to conflict resolution. However, critical accounts have questioned the promises of a more inclusive mining governance through such partnerships because they often reify uneven power relations and create new forms of artisanal mining exclusion. In some cases, however, these schemes are the only available avenue for non-industrial miners to access legality and escape state persecution. Through the case-study of a successful mining coexistence negotiation in Colombia, this contribution shows that mutually beneficial mining coexistence requires considering the specificities of the extractive practices; a constant and trustful dialogue between the artisanal and industrial mining actors that is mediated through third parties; and an appropriate technical and legal accompaniment that enables subcontracted miners to meet state requirements and maintain access to legal gold production networks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desalination investment for copper mining: Barriers and opportunities in Chile","authors":"Eoghan Fitzsimons ,&nbsp;Peter Warren","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global decarbonisation goals will not be met without a significant increase in the supply of critical minerals. However, there are numerous economic, environmental, social and regulatory barriers which may hinder potential future supplies. This study therefore examines the interlinkages of mineral extraction in the world's largest copper producing nation, Chile. Framed within the context of the mining industry's plans to significantly expand its use of desalination to alleviate water scarcity issues, as well as demands for the sector to leverage its investment in water infrastructure for sustainable development goals, this study identifies the primary barriers and opportunities associated with increased investment and expansion of desalination infrastructure within the Chilean copper mining sector. It applies an inductive, mixed-methods approach to gain cross-sectoral insights from 18 relevant stakeholders over two rounds of surveys, quantitatively determining the relative importance of the issues identified. The analysis finds that desalination's capacity to allow the mining industry to operate independently of freshwater availability, as well its potential role in alleviating broader water scarcity issues were the primary opportunities. The study further finds widespread support for initiatives to integrate renewables into desalination plants, incorporate public acceptance into the planning procedure, and ensure that mining continues to reduce its freshwater consumption, presenting a clear opportunity for sustainable expansion. The results also showed that regulatory and political uncertainty, followed by the lack of public acceptance of desalination are considerable barriers to its expansion. Further, quantitative analysis of perceived risks also highlighted significant disagreement between mining and non-mining stakeholder groups regarding the environmental impacts associated with desalination, indicating an overall lack of consensus. This study therefore invites further research into consensus-building around the issues identified. A further investigation of why particular perspectives are more prevalent among certain stakeholder groups is also suggested.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214790X24000479/pdfft?md5=13f864292f393de44571538ae792d5b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2214790X24000479-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers and drags of speculative land developments in a prospective mining landscape, Ghana","authors":"Samuel Kumi ,&nbsp;Joseph Kwaku Kidido ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kwaku Sackey","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the drivers and trends of land developments in Newmont Ahafo North Project area. We analysed Landsat imagery to determine land use and cover changes from 1990 to 2021, utilizing a supervised classification method and data from a sample of 200 stakeholders through structured interviews in five project communities. The interrelation of factors influencing land developments in the area was examined using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) model. The results demonstrated a substantial decline in cropland and bareland from 45 % and 38 % to 17 % and 21 %, respectively, with corresponding increases in the built-up and vegetation covers over the period. The pending mining project induced significant speculative developments affecting agriculture and native vegetation. Long mineral exploration, unemployment and poverty, non-compliance and enforcement of mining laws, inadequate compensation, and the compensation experience of farmers drove speculative developments in the mining landscape. The mines declared a mining area without prompt compensation and economically constrained poor locals. This generated contention between the mine and the affected community, culminating in costly expenditure and frustration of the project's timelines. The study underscores the need to rigorously enforce the mining land access legislation and review provisions and application of mining laws on speculative development to curb contestations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has Kyrgyzstan suffered from a resource curse?","authors":"Rafael Aguirre-Unceta","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article makes the case that Kyrgyzstan’s economic dependency on mining has given rise to a resource curse. Although mining rents in Kyrgyzstan have not reached the levels of some other developing countries, some of their effects in this country lead us to consider the occurrence of such a curse. One common thesis is that in a weak institutional context, elites in power will try to capture resource rents, including through corrupt channels. This rent appropriation by the ruler is often accompanied by autocratic tendencies, further deteriorating institutions. In addition to economic damage, these governance failures provoke civil frustration and severe political conflicts with excluded elites. Such outcomes, frequently defined as a ꞌpolitical resource curseꞌ, have been observed in Kyrgyzstan. The article concludes that mining has contributed little to Kyrgyzstan's socio-economic development and has disrupted the country's political life and governance while posing significant environmental risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic impacts of the coal extraction sector on the South Korean national economy: An input-output analysis","authors":"Jae-Ho Lee ,&nbsp;Min-Ki Hyun ,&nbsp;Seung-Hoon Yoo","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article applies input-output (IO) techniques to appraising the role and economic impacts of the coal extraction sector (CES) in South Korea. IO tables for five years, namely 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2019, are used. Three IO models are utilized to deal with various economic impacts by treating the CES included in the endogenous sectors as an exogenous one. The impacts of a production or investment in the CES on inducing production, value-added, and wages in the national economy have been gradually increasing, which is interpreted as the result of the restructuring of the CES that the South Korean government has promoted over the past 20 years. However, the value-added coefficient, employment coefficient, and employment creation impact have gradually decreased, which seems to be due to the worsening profitability due to the gradual phasing out of the CES. Both the impact of production disruptions in the CES on other sectors’ production and the impact of a change in the output price of the CES on that of other sectors have been gradually decreasing. Thus, the government can continue to phase out the CES without creating the burden of production disruptions and inflationary pressure in the national economy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139985233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy security and the shift to renewable resources: The case of Russia-Ukraine war","authors":"Huan Huu Nguyen,&nbsp;Phuc Van Nguyen,&nbsp;Vu Minh Ngo","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2024.101442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The performance of energy firms plays a crucial role in ensuring energy security, as it determines the availability and affordability of energy resources for a country, especially in the face of geopolitical crisis. This study explores the impact of economic sanctions imposed on Russia in early 2022 on energy stock returns in 57 countries, providing causal evidence on the relationship between major geopolitical events and energy security. Using advanced DiD methodology, the research found that nations heavily reliant on oil imports saw a significant increase in energy stock returns, suggesting no major issue of energy security in sanction-sender nations. Moreover, renewable energy companies experienced a greater rise in returns than non-renewable counterparts, indicating a potential shift towards renewables during times of geopolitical tension. These findings shed light on the intricate relationship between geopolitical events, market trends, and energy security policy, offering valuable insights for policymakers to navigate this complex landscape.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139985195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}