{"title":"Developing a verification framework for carbon sequestration through mineral carbonation of mine tailings: An Australian context","authors":"Michael Hitch , Jiajie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerated mineral carbonation enables the Australian mining industry to capitalize on Ca-, Mg-, and Fe-rich silicate wastes by chemically storing atmospheric carbon dioxide permanently and selling these emissions removals on the international carbon market. Carbon offset credits have maintained a ready market for over a decade. However, there is debate regarding the verification of carbon offset credits, particularly those derived from the mineral carbonation of mine waste and tailings. This paper introduces a novel approach to how mineral carbonation could function within an Emissions Trading Scheme. Similarities are drawn between existing approved methodologies in agroforestry to qualitatively establish key verification parameters for mineral carbonation projects under the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation. This paper also discusses the potential growth on both the supply and demand sides of the carbon market over the coming decade and beyond to assess the impact of introducing mineral carbonation globally. Examples of market movements in the European carbon market and NordPool provide evidence of reduced market volatility, with the continued expansion mirrored by the international carbon market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Who intersects with whom’: Competing rationalities in governing the contested interface between industrial mining and ASGM in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia","authors":"Bernadetta Devi , Robyn Mayes , Deanna Grant-Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interface between industrial mining and artisanal small-scale mining (ASM) operations has increased globally due to simultaneous localized intensifications of both types of mining operations. The ensuing multiple interactions of entities and systems of industrial mining and ASM often result in conflict with significant material ramifications, usually to the detriment of ASM miners and communities. This paper investigates the contested interface at the point of industrial mining’s transition from exploration to production at two mine sites in Indonesia: namely, Suwawa Timur, in Bone-Bolango Regency and Gunung Pani, in Pohuwato Regency in Gorontalo Province. Specifically, these mining operations were in the environmental impact assessment and community consultation phase. Our investigation draws on in-depth interviews with miners involved in local artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and ASM associations, representatives of gold/copper mining companies seeking to transition from exploration to production, associated government entities, and communities near these two mining locations. Our analysis demonstrates the contestation of the interface through focusing on the question of ‘who intersects with whom?’—as raised by both mining companies and ASGM actors. Using a combined lens of governmentality and interpretive governance, this paper argues that governing the interface involves the exercise of power/knowledge of multiple actors through the promotion of competing rationalities, making the interface relations dynamic and positional. In concluding, we advocate for the active and legitimate involvement of ASM actors in governing the interface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Governance at the margins of the state: contextualising the spatial and temporal realities of illegal mining in contemporary South Africa","authors":"Kennedy Manduna","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper profiles the everyday experiences of illegal miners (zama zamas) in South Africa, with special emphasis on their efforts to govern at the margins of the state. Through deploying forms of peasant resistance against the state, zama zamas have contested the state, community and large-scale mine operators over territorialisation, property, recognition, citizenship, and inclusivity. Valorisation, commodification, and monetisation of violence have, consequently, become the norm in the daily lives of these actors contesting for space within South African resource frontiers. The key research question that frames this paper is: <em>'How do illegal mining/miners experience and give meaning to the problems of state violence and community vigilantism, and what does this tell us about their agency, subjectivity, and marginality</em>?'</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antoinette van der Merwe , Désirée Ruppen , Fritz Brugger , Hermann Moussa Konkobo , Isabel Günther
{"title":"Protective behaviour on artisanal gold mines: the relevance of knowledge, risk perception and access to equipment","authors":"Antoinette van der Merwe , Désirée Ruppen , Fritz Brugger , Hermann Moussa Konkobo , Isabel Günther","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many artisanal miners use mercury, a toxic metal, to extract gold from ore, without protecting themselves. In this study, we analyse the role of knowledge, risk perception, and improved access to protective equipment on artisanal miners’ protective behaviour. We combine survey results with a field experiment involving about 250 miners. While more than half of the miners perceive mercury as dangerous to their health, their knowledge about mercury is low despite ongoing educational programmes on the mines. Few had heard about mercury poisoning, could mention any of the critical symptoms of mercury contamination, or knew how to properly protect themselves from mercury. Risk perception was not significantly correlated to knowledge of mercury, previous training or protective behaviour. However, improving access to protective equipment by providing it for free had a large positive impact on protective behaviour one year later. Our results suggest that international policy efforts to address the mercury problem through the Minamata Convention should include access to personal protective equipment as a priority. This will have significant health benefits for miners in the short term while countries work to transition to mercury-free mining in the long term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raphael Deberdt , Philippe Le Billon , Oludolapo Makinde , Peter Dauvergne , Taraneh Solwati , Shayan Razmi , Gaurav Kumar , Dyhia Belhabib
{"title":"Artificial intelligence and ESG in resources-intensive industries: Reviewing the use of AI in fisheries, mining, plastics, and forestry","authors":"Raphael Deberdt , Philippe Le Billon , Oludolapo Makinde , Peter Dauvergne , Taraneh Solwati , Shayan Razmi , Gaurav Kumar , Dyhia Belhabib","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An important application of artificial intelligence (AI) is to facilitate the implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) across complex and multi-tiered value chains. Solving the challenges faced by (un)sustainable practices in global industries has become a priority for corporate actors, states, and civil society, legitimized by both ethical and legal arguments. In fisheries, mining, plastics, and forestry, despite its potential to improve ESG practices, AI technologies also risk furthering consumption practices, thus negatively affecting socio-economic and environmental sustainability. We highlight the potential for direct positive impacts of AI on each of the environmental, social, and governance mechanisms throughout the four industries. However, we also point to the risks that indirect impacts of AI-powered tools entail on ESG practices and the potential for industries to disconnect themselves from these indirect impacts. Finally, we suggest that the widespread use of AI to optimize consumption processes, without questioning overconsumption patterns, risks creating unsustainable practices at the global level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Masculinities without men: The work experiences of local female employees in a Chinese mine in Papua New Guinea","authors":"I-Chang Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article engages with research on the escalating global presence of Chinese multinational corporations (CMCs) and their influence on Indigenous female employees through mining operations. This article explores the relationship between local women’s work experiences and their perceptions and interpretations of masculinities, in contrast to the dichotomy caused by the previous concentration on women in mining and the current advocacy in deconstructing the masculine mining industry. To accomplish so, this article first demonstrates the corporate women in mining programs and emphasizes the contradictions between the corporate endorsement of gender equality and the actual predominance of males in physical-demanding jobs. The work experiences of three local women employed in a Chinese mine in Papua New Guinea (PNG) are then illustrated. This article argues that female local employees’ performance and comprehension of masculinities (a woman of all trades, a strong woman, and a determined woman) do not necessarily represent a relationship to men’s bodies or consent to the understanding of men’s suitability for doing laborious and dangerous jobs. This article suggests that the work experiences of these local female employees resonate with and contribute to Halberstam’s (1998) theory about female masculinities and provide an alternative framework for deconstructing the hypermasculine mining sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101688"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Mavroudi , Michael Tost , Magdalena Eckl , Gloria Ammerer , George Barakos
{"title":"The role of earth observation technologies in enhancing social acceptance of mining operations","authors":"Maria Mavroudi , Michael Tost , Magdalena Eckl , Gloria Ammerer , George Barakos","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low level of social acceptance of the extractive industry in Europe remains a significant challenge, despite the growing use of emerging technologies that improve operational efficiency and promote responsible mining practices. This study investigates public perceptions of mining and examines the potential role of Earth Observation (EO) technologies in enhancing social acceptance, using selected regions in Austria, a country with a long mining tradition, as case studies. A combination of quantitative and qualitative social research methods was used to collect perspectives from residents and stakeholders both near and distant from mining areas. Results indicate that mining regions generally show higher acceptance due to economic dependency and cultural ties, though concerns persist. Urban respondents, while recognizing mining's economic value, emphasized ethical and environmental issues. EO technologies were met with skepticism, reflecting broader distrust of new technologies and media. Many respondents were unaware of EO technologies and their potential mining applications. Although transparency was valued, EO was not seen as vital for public engagement. Overall, EO technologies could enhance transparency and trust, yet unawareness and skepticism remain barriers to their adoption in the mining sector. The research underscores the potential for EO technologies to improve social acceptance, under certain conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the motivations of small-scale miners in Yukon, Canada through a human-nature connection (HNC) framework and meaningful rural work","authors":"C.L. Johnson , K.R Moore , D Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human–nature connections (HNCs) experienced by a community of miners are explored as drivers of small-scale mining in Yukon, Canada. Through 20 placer mine visits and 32 semi-structured interviews with miners, government, and suppliers, the study finds that a connection to nature—not profit—is the primary motivation. Using a HNC framework, the data reveal that miners perceive their livelihoods as meaningful rural work tied to their engagement with the land and natural environment. These connections go beyond material needs, encompassing experiential, cognitive, emotional, and philosophical realms. Yukon miners' ability to make localized decisions and participate in the full mine life cycle highlights the importance of autonomy and proximity to nature. The concept of mining as an ecosystem service emerges when Earth materials are included within the definition of nature. This study challenges dualistic paradigms that separate humans from nature and Earth material needs, and contributes to broader efforts to embed strong sustainability in the mining sector—an approach that recognizes nature as the non-substitutable foundation of all other forms of capital. It also identifies the fragility of HNCs in contexts where excessive stress on ecosystems, remote decision-making, or livelihood insecurity undermines sustainability. Yukon provides a case study for exploring alternative mining models, such as slow mining, which emphasizes responsible practices and local empowerment. These insights contribute to human–nature debates and point toward more sustainable, place-based mining frameworks grounded in strong sustainability principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extracting insights: A systematic review of mining impacts on indigenous peoples","authors":"Karen Bouchard","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mining’s impacts on Indigenous communities are complex and context-specific, shaped by diverse political, legal, and socio-environmental conditions. This article presents a systematic review of 164 peer-reviewed empirical studies published between 2014 and 2024, examining how these impacts have been conceptualized and analyzed within the social sciences and humanities. It maps research trends by discipline, geography, methods, and case configuration, and identifies key thematic areas—such as resource governance, environmental change, economic disruption, health, and impacts on culture and gender. The review also examines research design patterns, highlighting recurring tendencies and opportunities to expand empirical and thematic scope. Findings show that mining outcomes are mediated by structural forces—such as legal and institutional arrangements, historical inequities, and power asymmetries—that shape how Indigenous communities experience, negotiate, and contest extractive development. While responses vary—including legal action, political participation, and the assertion of rights—systemic inequities persist. By synthesizing a decade of research, this review advances understanding of Indigenous–extractive relations and provides a foundation for advancing more inclusive, critical, and policy-relevant research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The complex economics of a complete ban on child labor in the cobalt supply chain: The case of the DR Congo","authors":"John M. Ulimwengu , Blandine Sanginga","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Child labor in the cobalt mining sector of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) remains entrenched due to widespread poverty, high educational costs, and limited adult employment opportunities. Legal prohibitions, while important, have proven insufficient and may inadvertently drive child labor further underground. This study evaluates alternative, welfare-oriented strategies—including conditional cash transfers (CCTs), educational subsidies, and labor market reforms—to provide sustainable solutions. The analysis finds that even modest annual CCTs per child can significantly reduce child labor, especially when combined with the elimination of indirect schooling costs. Enhancing adult wages further diminishes household reliance on child labor, although this requires broader structural reforms. Corporate social responsibility remains essential; however, voluntary ethical sourcing initiatives have largely failed to address the issue. Effective change will require a comprehensive, phased transition that integrates economic support mechanisms, robust legal enforcement, and binding corporate accountability. Collaboration among governments, businesses, and international stakeholders is critical to developing ethical and sustainable supply chains that eliminate child labor without exacerbating household vulnerability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}