Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal最新文献

{"title":"Conceptualizing collective action and informal women cooperatives in Africa's artisanal and small-scale mining sector: The case of Northern Ghana","authors":"Francis Arthur-Holmes ,&nbsp;Jennifer Dokbila Mengba","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the dynamics of informal women cooperatives in the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) sector in Africa, focusing on a qualitative case study of the Talensi mining area in Northern Ghana. Our findings demonstrate that women, through collective agency and action, establish informal women cooperatives in ASM spaces to address the socio-economic and geopolitical challenges they encounter. Two main categories of informal cooperatives formed are <em>shanking</em> cooperatives (for women involved in sieving crushed extracted ore) and <em>sambalga</em> cooperatives (for women digging at the bank of rivers and streams, or uplands in search of gold). Women in licensed and unlicensed ASM zones form groups or associations to promote their welfare, challenge gender norms, advocate for representation and inclusion of voices in mining activities, resist male diggers involved in surface mining, and seek social recognition and economic security. Despite women miners' collective action and agency in pursuing these goals, they still encounter some challenges, particularly related to discrimination and favoritism, social class division among women, strict socio-cultural norms, and conflict with male diggers. In this paper, we highlight that formalization reforms should include gender-sensitive licensing support programs, and transformative gender and inclusive reforms to promote women empowerment in the sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Displaced by the transition: The political ecology of climate change mitigation, displacements and Lithium extraction in Zimbabwe","authors":"Joshua Matanzima","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decarbonization initiatives depend heavily on the sustainable supply of critical raw materials. Such a high dependency on critical minerals drives their urgent sourcing. However, this urgent extraction of critical minerals for the low-carbon energy transition induces severe social impacts including different types of displacements: i.e physical, cultural and economic. Demand for critical minerals is expected to surge in the coming decades, and so are these displacement trends. Communities located on or nearer to critical minerals deposits are increasingly becoming exposed to these displacements, but there is limited problematization of such forced relocation trends that negatively impact communities, socio-economically and culturally. Detailed case studies of displacements induced by the haste to extract critical minerals are scant. The displacement problem is categorized under the “S” of the ESG risks, and it has not been adequately conceptualized- within the energy transitions field- to understand its full-scale. The “speed” to extract these minerals drives us to rethink mining induced displacement and resettlement (MIDR) by considering how this urgency may protract displacement impacts. Using the political ecology of climate change mitigation framework, this article analyses multidimensional displacements resulting from the accelerated extraction of critical minerals with special reference to the lithium case in Zimbabwe. In Zimbabwe, lithium extraction is inducing multidimensional displacements in some regions where it has been discovered. Evidence indicates that these displacements are implemented with no due diligence and in the absence of adequate processes of consultation and consent leaving communities impoverished. The paper provides recommendations for improving the resettlement practices and achieving <em>resettlement with development</em> that improves the lives of affected communities within the energy transition agenda.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Code of Ethics for the social performance profession","authors":"Ana Maria Esteves","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I advocate for the establishment of a Code of Ethics for social performance professionals, particularly in the extractive and energy industries where faster and more production is essential for the energy transition. Demand for social performance practitioners is increasing. As the profession evolves, it faces significant challenges due to a lack of standardised qualifications and frameworks. In this opinion piece, I underscore the critical role social performance professionals play in advising corporate decision-making and the necessity for professionalisation of the field. A Code of Ethics recognises three unique aspects of social performance practice that demand specific ethical guidance: multi-stakeholder accountability, complex power dynamics, and consideration of long-term impacts. The concept of ethical maturity in practitioners’ decision-making processes is discussed, and a set of ethical principles proposed, illustrated with practical scenarios. I conclude by emphasising that a well-defined Code of Ethics is essential for building a profession that is valued for its accountability, integrity and culture of ethics. Dialogue among practitioners and stakeholders is crucial to ensure that the code reflects the complexities of social performance practice and contributes to responsible business practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards sustainable resource management: Graph modelling insights from Ghana's oil and gas local content ecosystem","authors":"Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A critical aspect of the management of oil and gas resources in Ghana is the effective promotion and development of local content to maximise the participation of local businesses and workforce in the oil and gas industry. This study examined local content drive in Ghana's oil and gas sector, analyzing its functional relations with institutional characteristics, participation, technology transfer, and economic growth via graph modelling framework. A total of 250 key stakeholders were involved in this cross-sectional study. A network analysis revealed the centrality of institutional characteristics in driving local content development, while economic growth was the least integrated domain. Diverse strengths and directionality of connections between domains were observed, which highlight the complexity of areas of influence and potential challenges. Process modelling analysis showed a significant positive direct effect of institutional characteristics on local content drive, emphasizing the critical role of robust and supportive institutions in driving local content initiatives. Conversely, economic growth exhibited a smaller yet significant negative direct effect, indicating a trade-off between economic expansion and local content focus. The broader implications of these findings are discussed, and recommendations are proposed to enhance the effectiveness of local content drive in Ghana's oil and gas sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valuation and conflicts in the Peruvian extractive frontier: Towards a politics of value analytical framework","authors":"Peter Leys","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article contributes to the on-going debate about how to understand extractive conflicts. What drives conflicts in areas of extraction? Do local people mobilize to reject extraction outright, or do they mobilize to secure rents and compensation from extractive projects? Political ecologists and ecological economists argue that different incommensurable languages of valuation challenge monetary value in a contest of values. Political economists disagree and argue that the majority of conflicts are about compensation, not alternative valuations. In this article, I suggest that value does indeed play a key role in extractive conflicts, but I also recognize the criticisms presented by political economy. To explore an alternative usage of value for understanding extractive conflicts, I draw on David Graebers anthropological notion of value, through which I elaborate an analytical framework of a politics of value, illustrated by three case studies of extractive conflicts in the Peruvian Andes. By analyzing conflicts in the extractive frontier as a ‘politics of value’, this article re-thinks how we understand the complicated dynamics of value and valuation in the extractive frontier and develops an analytical framework of a politics of value, to understand how conflict dynamics shape valuation, and how valuation, in turn, shapes conflict dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the land dispossession and criminalisation of the Basarwa peoples' livelihoods in Botswana: A narrative through the lens of the Basarwa peoples","authors":"Lesedi Mashumba","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Central Kalahari Game Reserve(CKGR) and the Basarwa(the San or Bushmen) have been a locus of protracted struggles over land, resource rights, and citizenship. Despite the long history of the Basarwa peoples as the inhabitants of the CKGR, the government of Botswana reinforced their relocations to new resettlement areas. This study aimed to explore the Basarwa peoples’ experiences and perceptions of the land dispossessions and resettlements. In-depth face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questions with thirty-six(36) participants from three resettlement communities were administered and through data explication themes emerged. Key findings reveal that despite the opening of a diamond mine in the game reserve and a booming tourism industry, the development/modernisation promises which were offered by the government to enforce relocations were far from being realised. The study argues that such fosters the diminishing of the Basarwa selfhood in ways that (re)dismember<span><span>¹</span></span> them from the human family through engaging with concepts of belonging, autochthony, othering, enclosures and cultural genocide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral price instability and its effects on conflict in industrial and small-scale mining in eastern congo","authors":"Peijing Wang ,&nbsp;Sidra Bibi","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing research emphasizes a strong correlation between mining activity and local disputes but does not distinguish between small-scale and large-scale mining operations. This research utilizes the volatility of mineral prices and the issue of industrial mining licenses to investigate their influence on conflict levels in Eastern Congo from 2004 – 2022. Our research indicates that as mineral prices rise, conflicts related to small-scale mining areas intensify, which suggests competition between militant factions.Nevertheless, the influence of such an effect is significantly diminished within the framework of industrial mining. In addition, the expansion of industrial mining activities often leads to decreased confrontations, indicating that firms have implemented adequate security procedures. Conversely, its growth causes community dissatisfaction, and when it replaces small-scale mining, it also leads to increased citizen aggression and theft. Based on thorough case evaluations, these negative outcomes only occur when industrial mining moves from the initial exploration phase to full-scale production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reclamation satisfaction and post-mining land use potential in Central Appalachia, US","authors":"Neelam C. Poudyal ,&nbsp;Buddhi R. Gyawali ,&nbsp;Sikha Acharya","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community support for the mining industry depends upon satisfactory reclamation that preserves the land's potential to benefit the landowners and communities after the mining period. Abandoned mines that have been reclaimed poorly can often lead to a decline in local support for mining. Using the case of surface mining in Kentucky, this study assessed and compared landowners’ and their neighboring residents’ perceptions of environmental change, satisfaction with reclamation, and perceived barriers and opportunities to use reclaimed land to benefit the landowners and the broader community. We found poor satisfaction with reclamation efforts and only modest success in effectively managing reclaimed land for the intended use, largely because of inadequate reclamation. Financial incentives, legal assurance, and better reinforcement of reclamation rules were perceived to be potentially useful policy interventions to help landowners use the reclaimed lands effectively. Although they were acceptable to residents, landowners were quite unlikely to adopt educational projects, public parks, and biofuel crops. However, they were relatively more likely to adopt farmland, timber, and nature conservation and these uses were highly acceptable to the neighboring residents as well. Although this study focused on mining, the findings shed light on the social dynamics of mining's effects, reclamation, and the feasibility of land use alternatives in regions influenced by extractive industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iman Peoples Water Sovereignty: Extractive Industries in Central Queensland","authors":"Clint J. Hansen ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Currell ,&nbsp;Eugenia Flynn","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coal seam gas (CSG) industry has rapidly expanded in the Great Artesian Basin (GAB) over the past two decades, significantly impacting groundwater ecosystems and Indigenous communities that rely on these water sources for cultural, spiritual, and practical purposes. This article examines the intersection of Water Sovereignty, extractive industries, and key issues such as Social License to Operate (SLO), Indigenous Peoples' rights, informed consent, and the legal doctrine of Aqua Nullius. Through an Indigenous perspective, this research illuminates the multifaceted dimensions of water governance and the complexities that arise from the interactions between Indigenous stakeholders, industries, and regulatory frameworks. Through interviews with Elders of the Iman Peoples in central Queensland, the research highlights how current SLO frameworks neglect Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) and fail to uphold ethical standards necessary for protecting Indigenous cultural continuity. Water security is a primary concern, with Traditional Owners emphasizing the need to safeguard surface and groundwater for future generations. This research informs policy at local and national levels while contributing to global discussions on Indigenous sovereignty, environmental justice, and cultural heritage protection. It calls for integrating Indigenous knowledge and rights into water governance, promoting respect, equity, and sustainability in managing natural resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical minerals mining and Native American sovereignty: Comparing case studies of lithium, copper, antimony, nickel and graphite mining in the United States","authors":"Macdonald Amoah ,&nbsp;Benjamin K. Sovacool ,&nbsp;Dustin Mulvaney ,&nbsp;Morgan D. Bazilian ,&nbsp;Richard Luarkie ,&nbsp;Daniel Cardenas","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2024.101557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to the historical patterns of colonialism and settlement, many of the remaining undeveloped mineral resources needed for a low-carbon energy transition are located on lands that have historic, ancestral, or cultural significance to Native American Tribes and Indigenous communities, as well as are near environmental-sensitive areas. While some mining projects occur on private land, the majority of mining projects are proposed for lands owned by the United States Federal Government and managed by multiple agencies (United States Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management etc.) with goals across the spectra from natural resource development to cultural resource conservation. Through a comparative case study approach, this study analyzes mining projects seeking to develop these resources. The cases represent a mix of project types from greenfield development to historic mines sites. Mineral resource projects have faced varying degrees of social resistance, continue to face challenges with securing permitting approvals or face litigation, and this can be a source of development uncertainty. These frictions are also important moments for Native American Tribes and environmental conservation groups to lessen impacts on natural resources. Resolving the uncertainties on both sides is crucial for nation building. One of the primary reasons for frequent and sustained litigation among all these projects is establishing a common ground from various competing interests, which is still possible. While current legislations on mining have provisions concerning Tribal engagement, recent legislative proposals contain further action which is needed as part of a more inclusive approach that emphasizes early negotiation, pathways to consent and even various forms of partnerships. This will help resolve some of the nation's critical minerals challenges domestically in a way that protects the environment and preserve Tribal societal values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 101557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}