{"title":"Before modern growth. Italy’s GDP 1660-1913","authors":"Paolo Malanima","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this work is to present annual series of GDP in Italy from 1660 to the Unification of the country in 1861. Given the lack of primary information on the product in the period we are dealing with, the elaboration follows an indirect method. Price and wage series are used to quantify agriculture in GDP. The non-agricultural GDP is reconstructed through urbanisation. The result is that per capita product declined from the 1730s to the 1880s. From the 1880s onwards, the Italian economy recovered rapidly and began its modern growth. The new GDP series 1660–1860, linked to the recently revised national accounts series from 1861 to 1913, makes it possible to place the beginning of modern Italian growth in a long-term perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 147-162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduction of CO2 emissions, climate damage and the persistence of business cycles: A model of (de)coupling","authors":"Ettore Gallo","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper develops a theoretical model to examine the effects of transitioning to green investment on business cycle dynamics and CO2 emissions reduction. Building on Goodwin’s (‘The Nonlinear Accelerator and the Persistence of Business Cycles’, Econometrica, pp. 1–17, 1951) endogenous business cycle theory, the paper models the shift from brown to green investment as a logistic diffusion process. This framework captures the short-run procyclicality of emissions while allowing for both coupling and decoupling scenarios between output and emissions over the business cycles. The model demonstrates that the investment channel’s impact on emissions varies depending on the transition’s timing, magnitude, and sensitivity to green–brown investment dynamics. Furthermore, the paper shows that the integration of climate damage can result in milder expansion phases and sharper downturns, potentially offsetting the positive effects of the green transition. The analysis contributes to the understanding of short-run economy-ecology feedback mechanisms, with the model’s flexibility capturing varying degrees of decoupling between emissions and output, thus accommodating scenarios in both advanced economies and emerging markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 725-737"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Marcos Arcanjo , Juliano da Costa da Silva , Fernando Salgueiro Perobelli
{"title":"Systemic, sectoral, and spatial propagation of CO₂ emissions: an inter-regional analysis for the Brazilian economy","authors":"Gabriel Marcos Arcanjo , Juliano da Costa da Silva , Fernando Salgueiro Perobelli","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes the propagation of CO₂ emissions in Brazil through sectoral, spatial, and systemic lenses, using interregional input-output data for 2011 and 2019. A regional typology is constructed based on trade flows and emission intensity relative to gross output. The results show that states in the South and Southeast, with more diversified economies, emit less CO₂ per unit of output. In contrast, emissions in the Central-North are mainly associated with the primary sector. Regions characterized by high emissions and low productive integration are concentrated in ecologically sensitive biomes such as the Amazon, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest. Although the primary sector has declined in recent years, it remains central to their economic structure, while intermediate areas depend on emission-intensive activities. The growing integration of Brazil’s primary sector into global markets has reinforced these patterns. These findings highlight the sustainability challenges posed by a growth model reliant on land-use change in fragile ecosystems and enduring infrastructure constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 750-760"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabella M. Weber , Evan Wasner , Markus Lang , Benjamin Braun , Jens van ’t Klooster
{"title":"Implicit coordination in sellers’ inflation: How cost shocks facilitate price hikes","authors":"Isabella M. Weber , Evan Wasner , Markus Lang , Benjamin Braun , Jens van ’t Klooster","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supply shocks are now widely recognized as a driver of the recent inflation bout, but the role of firms’ pricing strategies in propagating input cost shocks remains contested. In this paper, we review the state of the academic debate over sellers’ inflation and assess whether, in line with this theory, economy-wide cost shocks have functioned as an implicit coordination mechanism for firms to hike prices. We use a dataset containing 138,962 corporate earnings call transcripts of 4,823 stock-market listed U.S. corporations from the period 2007-Q1 to 2022-Q2 to conduct sentiment analysis via both dictionary-based natural language processing and a large language model approach. We find that large input price shocks (as well as their co-occurrence with supply constraints) correlate with positive sentiments expressed in executives’ statements about cost increases. Qualitative analysis provides further insights into the reasoning behind executives’ optimism regarding their ability to turn an economy-wide cost shock into an opportunity to raise prices and protect or even increase profits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 690-712"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo Orfao , Enrique Fernández-Macías , Miguel Ángel Malo
{"title":"Occupational dynamics and wage inequality in Europe","authors":"Guillermo Orfao , Enrique Fernández-Macías , Miguel Ángel Malo","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a comparative analysis of the role played by occupational changes in recent wage inequality trends in six European countries. This work contributes to a better understanding of how within- and between-occupation differences have influenced wage inequality trends in Europe. The database used is the European Union Structure of Earnings Survey for the period 2002–2018. The analysis shows two patterns in the share of wage inequality explained by between-occupation differentials: while the relative importance of between-occupation trends has grown in Finland and the UK, it has diminished in Spain, France, Poland and Romania. And although between-occupation differentials still account for a great share of total wages’ variance, changes in the occupational structure (in particular, the patterns of job polarisation and upgrading widely discussed in the literature) have not driven recent wage inequality trends in Europe. Wage inequality, instead, has been mostly driven by changes in wage differentials within occupations. Finally, we found that the explanatory significance of occupations markedly declines at the highest wage tiers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 645-659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inflation in India: Dynamics, distributional impact and policy implication","authors":"Pulapre Balakrishnan, Mavannoor Parameswaran","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflation has been a concern for policy makers globally in the past few years, following the onset of COVID-19 and, subsequently, the war in Ukraine. India too has had high inflation during this period, but with a difference. Inflation in India accelerated before the pandemic had set in and has remained elevated since, even as it has declined dramatically in the major OECD economies. This paper investigates the dynamics of inflation in India, provides evidence on its distributional impact and points to what needs to be addressed by policy for it to be controlled<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 556-566"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can industrial–financial integration boost corporate TFP? Evidence from listed corporations holding financial institutions’ shares","authors":"Lifang Hu, Xiangyu Li, Yang Su","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing total factor productivity (TFP) is critical for driving high-quality economic development in China. This study examines whether industrial–financial integration—a key strategy for advancing large corporate conglomerates—contributes to boosting corporate TFP. Drawing on analysis of panel data from non-financial corporations listed on China’s A-share market (2008–2023), this study demonstrates three main empirical findings. First, industrial–financial integration positively influences corporate TFP, particularly benefiting corporations in the maturity stage, as opposed to those in the growth or decline stages. Second, industrial–financial integration enhances corporate TFP through three primary channels: compensation incentive, innovation input, and operational capacity. Third, the positive effects are more pronounced for corporations with low financing constraints, those in highly competitive or non-high-tech industries, and those located in provinces with advanced financial development. This study’s findings provide a theoretical framework guiding policy development and corporate strategies aiming to leverage financial mechanisms in advancing the real economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 131-146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera , Germana Giombini , Giorgio Calcagnini
{"title":"Bank lending policies and green transition","authors":"Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera , Germana Giombini , Giorgio Calcagnini","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Firms and banks decide whether or not to apply a green (environmentally friendly) or brown (conventional) investment and policy, respectively. We develop an evolutionary game to show the conditions such that the economy dynamically evolves towards one state or another, i.e., green vs brown or fluctuates around them. We show that the green state is asymptotically stable if the green firms’ revenues minus their bank loans and transition costs are greater than the brown firms’ revenues and pollution costs, together with green interest rates, such that the default risk is lower for green firms. Otherwise, the economy converges to the conventional brown situation. Banking policies and productive activities characterized by indifference towards green make the economy fluctuate around these states, i.e., green and brown, and multiple equilibria can emerge. We show how equilibrium can change their stability/instability, and the economy converges to one state or another.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 619-629"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Peng , Huanqin Ying , Xuerui Wang , Yaobin Lu , Shouyang Wang
{"title":"Gains or losses: Can grassland ecological compensation policy alleviate the decoupling of welfare from wealth?","authors":"Hui Peng , Huanqin Ying , Xuerui Wang , Yaobin Lu , Shouyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Implementing the Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy (GECP) to address the decoupling of welfare from wealth is a crucial strategy for achieving sustainable development goals. However, how the GECP alleviates the decoupling trend remains underexplored. Using panel data from prefecture-level cities in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2021, this study assesses the decoupling trend between welfare and wealth. Employing a Difference-in-Differences model, we delve into the GECP’s impact on the decoupling trend for the first time and analyze the underlying mechanisms. Our findings indicate that the GECP significantly alleviates the decoupling trend, with effects varying by natural, social, economic, and environmental characteristics. Furthermore, while the GECP alleviates the decoupling trend by promoting industrial structure optimization and reducing ecological footprint, it exacerbates this trend by increasing income inequality. This study provides policy insights to enhance the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature in China’s modernization and global sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 538-555"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing the environmental and economic impact of carbon pricing policy based on an improved dynamic CGE model: Incorporating demographic characteristics of resident","authors":"Xiaoyu Li , Ye Yao , Zhenni Chen , Huibin Du","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Narrowing income inequality while ensuring emission reduction efficiency is essential for achieving social equity and enhancing feasibility of carbon reduction policies. Using China's carbon pricing policy as a case study, this paper evaluates the environmental and economic impacts of various carbon pricing strategies under different carbon market coverage scopes and revenue recycling schemes. To conduct this analysis, we employ an improved dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model that classifies residents based on five distinct categories, i.e. gender, age, education level, registration status, and income level. The findings reveal that while carbon pricing reduces emissions, it negatively impacts social welfare and energy-intensive industries. Moreover, it exacerbates income inequality across different age groups, education levels, and registration status, despite contributing to a reduction in gender income inequality. From an efficiency perspective, prioritizing the inclusion of the building materials industry in the carbon market maximizes emission reduction effectiveness. In contrast, to mitigate income inequality, the petrochemical industry should be the first to be integrated into the carbon market. Additionally, the study finds that expanding industry coverage within the carbon market enhances overall emission reduction efficiency. Under the optimal efficiency scenario, redistributing carbon revenue to rural, low-income female residents aged 20–59 with junior high or associate degrees proves to be the most effective strategy for reducing income inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 630-644"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}