{"title":"Do cost increases push up profit mark-ups? Evidence from Türkiye on profit inflation","authors":"Mucahid Samet Yilmaz, Umut Uzar","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phenomenon of profit inflation has gained considerable attention in explaining the global surge in inflation following the pandemic crisis. Türkiye represents an important case study of cost shocks driving profit inflation. With its high dependency on imported inputs and volatile exchange rates, Türkiye has been experiencing chronic cost shocks and persistently high inflation rates. Due to these chronic problems, it is thought that the phenomenon of profit inflation is not limited to the pandemic period. In this context, this study utilizes balance sheet data from Türkiye’s real sector to analyze whether producer prices affect sectoral profit across 73 subsectors during the 2009-2023 period, employing the Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) estimator. In addition, the findings are validated by Driscoll-Kraay's standard errors. The findings reveal that Türkiye’s real sector has not only preserved but also increased its profit margins in response to rising costs. Thus, it can be argued that profit inflation is valid for Türkiye in the relevant period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 841-854"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aggregation effect of economic freedom and total factor productivity growth with biased technological change","authors":"Xiaoke Li, Zhipeng Xu, Xiaoping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Economic freedom has an important impact on total factor productivity (TFP) growth; however, the impact of different sources that comprise economic freedom is not clear and the effect of biased technological change has not been considered. This paper presents an exploration of the impact of economic freedom on TFP growth with biased technological change in terms of heterogeneity in the composition of economic freedom. This paper uses the Economic Freedom Index and its five subdimension indices from the Fraser Institute, introduces the biased technological change hypothesis, and demonstrates the impact of economic freedom and its aggregate effects on TFP growth with biased technological change. Panel analysis was conducted using data from 64 sample economies between 1980 and 2019. The empirical test results indicate the following: First, an increase in the level of economic freedom has significantly promoted TFP growth with biased technological chang but excessive economic freedom leads to a reversal in TFP growth with biased technological change, which can be mitigated by effective improvements in government size. Second, economic freedom in different dimensions and sectors not only independently influences TFP growth with biased technological change as an individual factor within a systemic whole but also collaboratively affects TFP growth with biased technological change to produce complex aggregation effects. Especially when promoting international trade and investment freedom, choosing to indiscriminately relax credit, labor, and business regulations may stimulate excessive flows of international capital and speculative activities, thereby worsening TFP growth with biased technological change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 855-877"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond informal employment: Stagnation and disguised employment in Brazil","authors":"Carolina Troncoso Baltar , Esther Dweck , Marília Bassetti Marcato , Camila Unis Krepsky","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyses the Brazilian labour market from 2014 to 2019, focusing on the impact of the country's growth pattern on rising informal and self-employment. After a period of economic growth, Brazil faced a recession (2015–2016) and stagnation (2016–2019). Austerity-driven reforms were implemented, weakening policies aimed at stimulating growth, reducing unemployment, and improving formalization. Using structural decomposition analysis within a demand-driven input-output model, the study examines how changes in demand components affected employment by sector, formalization, and occupational status. Key findings reveal that the slow economic recovery, characterized by limited investment and government spending, led to a significant shift from formal to informal employment and self-employment, especially in service sectors. While discussing the diversity hidden within the occupational category of self-employed workers, the research also explores the specific characteristics of this category, providing insights to understand possible disguised employment as part of a structural transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 814-828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmental tone and carbon market behavior: Understanding market dynamics through corporate environmental attitudes in China","authors":"Haoyu Wang , Kefu Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental awareness and attitudes are critical for carbon neutrality and emission reduction, yet they often receive inadequate attention. This study addresses this by analyzing the environmental tone in MD&A reports of Chinese listed energy supply companies from 2000 to 2022 and assessing its impact on carbon emission allowance (CEA) price return and volatility, through regime heterogeneous autoregressive regression (regime-HAR) model with alternative models to confirm robustness, and discussing the related mechanisms. Our findings reveal that a positive environmental tone drives higher CEA returns and volatility while reducing autocorrelations, largely due to increased market participation during such periods. Additionally, rising CEA prices reinforce future positive environmental tones among companies. The positive tone accelerates environmental fees while hindering green investments. In addition, the environmental tone also signals regulatory compliance, policy, and investor expectations. Through these channels, environmental tone in general reduces local district air pollution. We also identify a negative relationship between government green subsidies and environmental tone, probably due to the moral hazard of companies exploiting subsidies. This study provides fresh evidence on how environmental attitudes shape key environmental variables and offers valuable insights for policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 792-813"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Connecting opportunities: The role of digital infrastructure in household entrepreneurship under China’s ‘broadband China’ initiative","authors":"Qiuyue Guo , Jiaxing Wang , Yiwei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Household entrepreneurship significantly enhances resident well-being. This study analyzes China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data from 2010–2020 to assess the \"Broadband China\" initiative (2014–2016). Using a difference-in-differences (DID) approach, it establishes a causal link between digital infrastructure expansion and increased household entrepreneurship. Results reveal that broadband access notably boosts entrepreneurial activities, verified by rigorous robustness checks. Key mechanisms include greater risk tolerance, improved entrepreneurial information access, enhanced credit financing, and stronger social capital. Digital infrastructure particularly favors opportunity-driven entrepreneurship over necessity-driven. These findings highlight digital infrastructure’s vital role in nurturing household entrepreneurial ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 738-749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How coopetition between domestic and multinational firms shapes carbon emissions performance in global supply chains?","authors":"Ya-Fang Sun , Bin Su , Shiwei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of climate action, as outlined in the sustainable development goals (SDGs), has promoted firms worldwide to pursue low-carbon transitions. However, the impact of coopetition between domestic and multinational firms within supply chains on global carbon emissions performance remains unexplored. Thus, this study addresses this issue using an inter-country inter-industry Input-Output database (2000–2019) that distinguishes heterogenous firm ownership. The results show that: (1) the competition mechanism between domestic and multinational firms within global supply chains is more effective in improving global carbon emissions performance than the cooperation mechanism; (2) although the competition mechanism can enhance carbon emissions performance in developing countries, supply chains of purely multinational firms under this mechanism exacerbate the widening gap between developed and developing countries in balancing carbon emissions and value added; (3) key regions that determine the carbon emissions performance of global supply chains are significantly affected by coopetition mechanisms, whereas key economic sectors and final demands are not; and (4) coopetition mechanisms reshape the driving role of carbon intensity effect and demand structure effect on carbon emissions performance of various global supply chains, but the production structure effect remains largely unaffected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 829-840"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Feliciano , Jesus Ferreiro , Carlos J. Rodriguez-Fuentes
{"title":"Growth regimes, growth drivers and private demand in financialised economies: The case of Spain","authors":"Daniel Feliciano , Jesus Ferreiro , Carlos J. Rodriguez-Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whereas several articles have studied the appearance of different growth regimes in the era of financialisation, other scholars have questioned the validity of this framework for analysing economies after the Great Recession and have proposed instead the analysis of growth drivers as a better approach. In this article, we argue that both perspectives can help each other to better understand economies under finance-dominated capitalism like Spain. Therefore, we analyse the Spanish economy before (2000–2007), during (2008–2013) and after (2014–2019) the Great Recession in two complementary steps. First, using the decomposition approach of national and financial accounts, we identify the emergence of three growth regimes: first, a debt-financed domestic demand-led regime, next, a contractive regime, and, finally, a self-financed domestic demand-led regime. Preliminary descriptive evidence suggests that changing growth drivers contributed to these regime transitions. In a second step, we study how a series of growth drivers related with financialisation are behind the evolution of the components of private demand (households’ and non-financial companies’ spending), and therefore the growth regimes, by estimating different econometric models. Our findings show the significant role played by drivers like income distribution, fiscal policy, and the financial cycle. We conclude highlighting the potential use of growth drivers by future researchers and policymakers to assess growth regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 878-894"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Skill-bias and wage inequality in the EU New Member States: Empirical investigation","authors":"Jan Pintera","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use individual-level data on income and education level from the EU-SILC database to investigate the trends in income distribution and wage polarization in the EU New Member States. We do not confirm the existence of job polarization in wages and employment that has been observed in the United States or other developed countries. We find a decreasing skill premium, particularly in Czechia, Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia, in the context of educational upgrading. Contrary to the Skill-Biased Technological Change hypothesis, the regression results do not confirm the existence of a significant shift in demand for high-skilled workers and suggest that the wage dynamics were caused by a combination of the substitution effect linked to the growing relative supply of skills and labour market institutions. Despite descriptive evidence, our results do not confirm the expected effect of higher Global Value Chain involvement on the labour markets in the investigated countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 761-791"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Before modern growth. Italy’s GDP 1660-1913","authors":"Paolo Malanima","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this work is to present annual series of GDP in Italy from 1660 to the Unification of the country in 1861. Given the lack of primary information on the product in the period we are dealing with, the elaboration follows an indirect method. Price and wage series are used to quantify agriculture in GDP. The non-agricultural GDP is reconstructed through urbanisation. The result is that per capita product declined from the 1730s to the 1880s. From the 1880s onwards, the Italian economy recovered rapidly and began its modern growth. The new GDP series 1660–1860, linked to the recently revised national accounts series from 1861 to 1913, makes it possible to place the beginning of modern Italian growth in a long-term perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"75 ","pages":"Pages 147-162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduction of CO2 emissions, climate damage and the persistence of business cycles: A model of (de)coupling","authors":"Ettore Gallo","doi":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.strueco.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper develops a theoretical model to examine the effects of transitioning to green investment on business cycle dynamics and CO2 emissions reduction. Building on Goodwin’s (‘The Nonlinear Accelerator and the Persistence of Business Cycles’, Econometrica, pp. 1–17, 1951) endogenous business cycle theory, the paper models the shift from brown to green investment as a logistic diffusion process. This framework captures the short-run procyclicality of emissions while allowing for both coupling and decoupling scenarios between output and emissions over the business cycles. The model demonstrates that the investment channel’s impact on emissions varies depending on the transition’s timing, magnitude, and sensitivity to green–brown investment dynamics. Furthermore, the paper shows that the integration of climate damage can result in milder expansion phases and sharper downturns, potentially offsetting the positive effects of the green transition. The analysis contributes to the understanding of short-run economy-ecology feedback mechanisms, with the model’s flexibility capturing varying degrees of decoupling between emissions and output, thus accommodating scenarios in both advanced economies and emerging markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47829,"journal":{"name":"Structural Change and Economic Dynamics","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 725-737"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}