{"title":"An examination of the use of spoken interactional metadiscourse markers in EMI lectures from different disciplines","authors":"David Lasagabaster, Ada Bier","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The internationalisation process has encouraged the spread of English-medium instruction (EMI) in universities all over the world. Whereas the purported benefits of EMI are more often than not taken for granted, there are many issues related to what is actually happening in EMI classrooms that still need to be looked into. In this vein, the use of interactional metadiscourse markers when delivering content in the lingua franca and the potential impact of the disciplinary culture are two issues that have hitherto been largely overlooked. Since research studies indicate that teachers in the arts and social sciences tend to use a higher number of metadiscourse markers than those in the hard sciences, the impact of the discipline in classroom discourse deserves further attention. With a view to fill in this research gap, in this paper we analysed the 29,469 interactional metadiscourse markers found in 36 lectures of three different disciplines, namely economics, engineering and history. The overall distribution of interactional metadiscourse markers revealed that engagement markers happened to be the dominant category by an ample margin, followed by self-mentions, hedges, boosters and attitudes markers. In addition, statistically significant differences were found in the use of interactional markers across the three disciplines, a fact that should be considered in professional development courses. The pedagogical implications to be drawn from these findings and some future directions for research are also put forth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 137-151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A cross-disciplinary study of value arguments in doctoral theses submitted to universities in Hong Kong","authors":"Guangwei Hu, Emmanuel Mensah Bonsu","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The doctoral thesis is a key academic genre that documents doctoral students' socialisation into their disciplinary knowledge-making practices and their contributions to disciplinary knowledge. However, little attention has been paid to how doctoral students promote the value of their research in their theses. Using Carter's value arguments (VAs) framework, this study explored how doctoral students construct VAs strategically to underscore and promote the significance of their research. Analyses of 90 doctoral theses in the disciplines of applied linguistics, psychology, and physics, submitted to UGC-funded Hong Kong universities, revealed disciplinary differences in the formal and functional classes of VAs. Formally, applied linguistics theses employed explicit VAs significantly more frequently than those of psychology and physics did. Functionally, significant disciplinary differences were found in the use of VAs to narrow the focus of a study, intensify the importance of research gaps, justify the importance of gaps in literature, demonstrate the overall value of the research, and demonstrate the value of research findings. These findings highlight disciplinary influences on VAs as a promotional strategy for doctoral students to persuade readers of their research's value and merits. Based on these findings, implications are derived for English-for-academic-purposes pedagogy, doctoral supervision, and further research on promotion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do-it-yourself corpora and discipline-specific writing: A focus on the benefits of corpus building and cleaning (in the age of large language models)","authors":"Maya Sfeir","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the field of data-driven learning (DDL), an increasing number of studies have underscored the benefits of creating small specialized DIY corpora for the teaching/learning of discipline-specific writing. However, in these studies, corpus cleaning is often described as an optional step in the process of corpus creation and is frequently presented as a tedious, unnecessary, and time-consuming task, with the majority of scholars calling for the creation of “quick and dirty” corpora. In this paper, we re-examine corpus creation, namely corpus cleaning and metadata construction, for discipline-specific writing. More specifically, our paper seeks to reframe corpus cleaning and metadata construction as meaningful and purposeful activities that increase learners’ awareness of disciplinary norms and conventions, particularly in a comparative context. We base our analysis on the reflections provided by learners from various disciplines who designed, compiled, cleaned, and analyzed corpora, along with the final papers they drafted for the courses they took in the Department of English at a teaching-focused research university in the Middle East. Corpus cleaning and metadata creation, as we hope to show, not only make visible the invisible writing conventions within disciplines, including the integration of evidence and raw data, but also position language learners as data engineers, promoting their critical awareness of the role and nature of (language) data in the age of Large Language Models (LLMs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 70-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The case of English for aviation maintenance: A multi-dimensional analysis of commercial aircraft manuals","authors":"Amber Wanwen Wang, Eric Friginal","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aircraft manufacturers use Simplified Technical English (STE) as a strategic tool to enhance the readability of aviation maintenance manuals and reduce comprehension errors. This standardized linguistic approach is essential for ensuring global aviation safety, especially as approximately 80% of maintenance technicians worldwide are non-native English speakers (NNES). This study employs Biber's Multi-Dimensional analysis framework (Biber, 1988, 1995, 2006) to investigate the linguistic characteristics of aviation maintenance English (AME) compared to general written English (GWE). The research is based on a 27-million-word corpus derived from maintenance manuals for all operational Boeing commercial aircraft families (737, 747, 757, 767, 777, and 787), which collectively serve over 150 countries and represent nearly half of the global fleet (Boeing, 2024). The analysis reveals that AME prioritizes informational density, minimizes abstract content, and uses comparable levels of elaboration to ensure clarity in safety-critical contexts. These findings challenge the misconception of simplified English as overly simplistic or reductive, demonstrating instead that strategic linguistic simplification enhances technical communication without compromising clarity. By highlighting the role of STE in supporting global interoperability, safety, and efficiency, this research offers valuable implications for English for Specific Purposes (ESP) pedagogy and the ongoing development of STE guidelines in aviation and other high-stakes industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 87-100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The value of interactional metadiscourse in university level writing: Differences between high and low performing undergraduate business students","authors":"Randy Appel , Ruth McKay","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the use of interactional metadiscourse within a third-year Human Resources course at a large North American university. Analysing final individual writing assignments, higher-performing (grades 80 and above) and lower-performing (grades 74 and below) students were compared in terms of how they differ in their use of interactional metadiscourse. The Authorial Voice Analyzer (Yoon, 2017) was employed to extract interactional metadiscourse features, including hedges, boosters, attitude markers, self-mentions, and engagement markers. Intergroup differences were then assessed using Cohen's <em>d</em>. Key findings include higher-performing students employing a greater variety of hedge types and using self-mentions more frequently, while lower-performing students relied more heavily on reader engagement markers, particularly by way of reader pronouns. These results suggest that higher-graded students in business courses may be more adept at managing interactional metadiscourse to present an appropriate authorial stance, while lower-graded students tend to over-engage with the reader. Pedagogical implications include the need for writing instructors to focus on teaching students how to strategically employ hedges and self-mentions to improve the quality and authority of their writing in business-related disciplines. These insights can help shape targeted writing interventions aimed at improving student performance in content-focused courses, such as Human Resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 30-42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “The case of English for aviation maintenance: A multi-dimensional analysis of commercial aircraft manuals” [English for Specific Purposes 79 (2025) 87–100]","authors":"Amber Wanwen Wang, Eric Friginal","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Page 123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rhetorical distinctions: Comparing metadiscourse in essays by ChatGPT and students","authors":"Feng (Kevin) Jiang , Ken Hyland","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the use of metadiscourse in argumentative essays generated by ChatGPT compared to those written by British university students. Using Hyland's (2005) framework, we analysed interactive and interactional metadiscourse to uncover rhetorical and linguistic distinctions. The findings reveal that ChatGPT essays, though structurally coherent and logically organised, exhibit a significantly lower frequency of interactional metadiscourse, such as hedges, boosters, and attitude markers, leading to a more impersonal and expository tone. Conversely, student essays demonstrate higher rhetorical engagement, employing nuanced stance markers and personalised expressions to foster reader interaction. ChatGPT prioritises clarity and structural coherence through transitions and endophoric markers, reflecting its algorithmic nature and training. The variability in student writing highlights the influence of individual style and instructional practices. These differences underscore the complementary roles of AI and human authorship in academic writing, with implications for pedagogy. This research advances our understanding of the rhetorical strategies employed by large language models and their potential in academic contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bridging the gap: Exploring authorial voice in medical ethics blogs and research papers","authors":"Selahattin Yılmaz , Nur Yiğitoğlu-Aptoula","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the authorial voice in medical ethics blogs and their corresponding academic papers to uncover how scientific discourse is recontextualized for broader audiences. Drawing on 92 medical ethics blog posts paired with their paired medical research articles, the analysis focuses on stance, engagement, and recontextualization strategies. Using corpus-based and qualitative approaches, we identify how these two genres differ in tone, self-representation, and audience engagement, with blogs employing more personal and evaluative language to facilitate accessibility and reader involvement. Findings reveal that medical ethics blogs strategically balance credibility and relatability, emphasizing simplicity and interactivity, while the corresponding research articles adhere to formal conventions of accuracy and detail. This study highlights how academic blogging can complement traditional research dissemination by fostering inclusivity and enhancing the public's engagement with complex scientific issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 104-118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The case of English for aviation maintenance: A multi-dimensional analysis of commercial aircraft manuals","authors":"Amber Wanwen Wang, Eric Friginal","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aircraft manufacturers use Simplified Technical English (STE) as a strategic tool to enhance the readability of aviation maintenance manuals and reduce comprehension errors. This standardized linguistic approach is essential for ensuring global aviation safety, especially as approximately 80% of maintenance technicians worldwide are non-native English speakers (NNES). This study employs Biber's Multi-Dimensional analysis framework to investigate the linguistic characteristics of aviation maintenance English (AME) compared to general written English (GWE). The research is based on a specialized 27-million-word corpus compiled from maintenance manuals for operational commercial aircraft families produced by a leading manufacturer, which collectively support global flight operations. The analysis reveals that AME prioritizes informational density, minimizes abstract content, and uses comparable levels of elaboration to ensure clarity in safety-critical contexts. These findings challenge the misconception of simplified English as overly simplistic or reductive, demonstrating instead that strategic linguistic simplification enhances technical communication without compromising clarity. By highlighting the role of STE in supporting global interoperability, safety, and efficiency, this research offers valuable implications for English for Specific Purposes (ESP) pedagogy and the ongoing development of STE guidelines in aviation and other high-stakes industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 124-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Could you send us your latest catalogue?’: A local grammar of requesting in English business letters","authors":"Lei Zhang , Fuzhi Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esp.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a local grammar approach to investigating discourse acts in English business texts, demonstrating this with the discourse act of requesting in English business letters. Previous studies on request language in business letters have focused on its pragmatic, rhetorical, and lexical features, paying less attention to the exploration of how concrete meanings are expressed in making requests. Based on a one-million-word English business correspondence corpus, this study adopts a local grammar approach to analyze the semantic patterns for requesting. The results show that requesting in English business letters involves eight specific meanings, forming 16 semantic patterns, i.e. local grammar patterns. These patterns represent the most typical ways of meaning expression for request making in English business letter writing in an easy-to-read and systematic manner, demonstrating local grammar's added methodological value for exploring characteristic patterning of language in ESP/EBP (English for Business Purposes) contexts. The findings of this study can also provide important pedagogical insights for improving ESP/EBP learners' pragmatic competence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47809,"journal":{"name":"English for Specific Purposes","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 43-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}