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From Movements to Managers: Crossing Organizational Boundaries in the Field of Sustainability 从运动到管理者:跨越可持续性领域的组织边界
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221142215
Grace L. Augustine, Brayden G. King
{"title":"From Movements to Managers: Crossing Organizational Boundaries in the Field of Sustainability","authors":"Grace L. Augustine, Brayden G. King","doi":"10.1177/07308884221142215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221142215","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates a route to occupational activism whereby individuals with significant experience in a social movement enter organizational positions that have been established to address those same movement's concerns. Utilizing data on the career pathways of 800 individuals from the field of sustainability in higher education, we formulate and test hypotheses related to whether or not individuals with more experience in the environmental movement gain access to sustainability manager positions, and whether or not entry patterns change as the roles become more institutionalized. These questions matter because although movements pressure organizations to address issues such as equality, diversity, and sustainability, it is individuals inside organizations who are best positioned to institutionalize movement-aligned practices and policies. And if those individuals have movement backgrounds, they can be carriers of movement praxis and ideals. Through our analyses, we find that although individuals with more experience in the environmental movement have a higher likelihood of entering sustainability manager positions overall, their advantage diminishes as the positions become institutionalized as formalized organizational roles. Our findings contribute to scholarship on occupational activism and in particular to outstanding questions regarding the role of occupations and occupational members in furthering social movement ideals and initiatives inside organizations.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46835014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Forced Vacation? The Stress of Being Temporarily Laid Off During a Pandemic 强迫休假?在流感大流行期间被暂时解雇的压力
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221129520
Scott Schieman, Quan Mai, Philip J. Badawy, Ryu Won Kang
{"title":"A Forced Vacation? The Stress of Being Temporarily Laid Off During a Pandemic","authors":"Scott Schieman, Quan Mai, Philip J. Badawy, Ryu Won Kang","doi":"10.1177/07308884221129520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221129520","url":null,"abstract":"A million Canadian workers suddenly became temporarily laid off (TLO) early into the pandemic. How did this affect mental health? Guided by the Stress Process Model (SPM), we would expect that this job disruption should increase psychological distress. However, given the unique context surrounding the early period of the pandemic, we advance the forced vacation hypothesis, which argues that those who became TLO would—at least initially—report lower levels of distress. To address this puzzle, we use a mixed-methods approach combining a national longitudinal survey dataset and in-depth interviews. Our quantitative analyses reveal that individuals who were TLO had lower distress in April 2020 compared with their peers who continued working. Our interviews uncover several potential explanations for these patterns. The findings provide an elaboration to the SPM as the pandemic context altered the meaning of being TLO, making it feel like a “forced vacation”—at least initially.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43037121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Serving Like an Organization: How Foodservice and Retail Workers Interpret Their Interactions With Customers 像组织一样服务:餐饮服务和零售工作者如何解释他们与顾客的互动
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221134582
Adam Storer
{"title":"Serving Like an Organization: How Foodservice and Retail Workers Interpret Their Interactions With Customers","authors":"Adam Storer","doi":"10.1177/07308884221134582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221134582","url":null,"abstract":"How do customers affect the job quality of frontline workers? This paper draws on over 15,000 observations from two datasets of 10 foodservice and retail companies, conducting qualitative, quantitative, and computational text analysis in order to address this question. Findings suggest that frontline workers evaluate customer interactions in three ways: As an inescapable occupational hazard or benefit, as a source of intrinsic satisfaction, or as the result of organizational strategies. Additionally, frontline workers’ job satisfaction and turnover intentions are more highly associated with agreement or disagreement with organizational strategies regarding customers than other common ways of theorizing customer interactions.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"50 1","pages":"499 - 538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45097689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Inequality in Household Job Insecurity and Mental Health: Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic. 家庭工作不安全感和心理健康中的不平等：COVID-19大流行期间的变化。
IF 4.5 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221123255
Rachel Donnelly, Rachel Zajdel, Mateo P Farina
{"title":"Inequality in Household Job Insecurity and Mental Health: Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Rachel Donnelly, Rachel Zajdel, Mateo P Farina","doi":"10.1177/07308884221123255","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07308884221123255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using nationally representative data from the Household Pulse Survey (April 2020-March 2021), we examined how associations between household job insecurity and mental health changed throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (<i>n</i> = 1,248,043). We also documented changes in the unequal distribution of job insecurity by race/ethnicity and educational attainment over time. We find that job insecurity was strongly associated with depression and anxiety throughout the study period, and the associations strengthened as the pandemic continued, especially in fall 2020. Moreover, racial/ethnic minorities with lower levels of educational attainment had the greatest risk of job insecurity, and educational disparities in job insecurity changed over time. Psychological distress during the pandemic, including disparities therein, must be considered a public health priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 4","pages":"457-482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9474300/pdf/10.1177_07308884221123255.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9730307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Demographic Context of Hiring Discrimination: Evidence from a Field Experiment in 50 Metropolitan Statistical Areas 雇用歧视的人口背景:来自50个大都市统计区的实地实验证据
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221134470
Q. Mai
{"title":"The Demographic Context of Hiring Discrimination: Evidence from a Field Experiment in 50 Metropolitan Statistical Areas","authors":"Q. Mai","doi":"10.1177/07308884221134470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221134470","url":null,"abstract":"How do the demographic contexts of urban labor markets correlate with the extent to which racial and ethnic minorities are disadvantaged at the hiring stage? This paper builds on two branches of labor market stratification literature to link demographic contexts of labor markets to race- and ethnicity-based hiring discrimination that manifest within them. Relying on a unique large-scale field experiment that involved submitting nearly 12,000 fictitious resumes to real job postings across 50 major urban areas, I found that Black population size is associated with greater discrimination against Black candidates, providing support for the “visibility-discrimination” thesis. I also show that this thesis cannot be extended straightforwardly to comparisons between Whites and other ethnic minority groups: I found no evidence of an association between Latino and Asian concentration and the labor market outcomes of those groups relative to Whites. The paper concludes with theoretical implications for studies of race and stratification, labor markets, and urban inequalities.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"50 1","pages":"463 - 498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42872785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Precarious Employment during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Disability-Related Discrimination, and Mental Health 新冠肺炎大流行期间的不稳定就业、与残疾相关的歧视和心理健康
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221129839
R. Brown, Gabriele Ciciurkaite
{"title":"Precarious Employment during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Disability-Related Discrimination, and Mental Health","authors":"R. Brown, Gabriele Ciciurkaite","doi":"10.1177/07308884221129839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221129839","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on separate strands of research documenting the psychological consequences of (a) precarious employment and other challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) ableism, this study incorporates both into an examination of disability-based differences in the joint significance of discrimination and work precarity during the pandemic for mental health. Analyses utilizing data from a regional survey of people with and without disabilities in the Intermountain West (N = 2,012) provide evidence that precarious employment, greater discrimination, and disability independently predict depressive symptoms. Further, in the context of greater discrimination, more precarious employment is found to have greater significance for people with disabilities compared to those who are not currently disabled. These findings challenge us to think about how we engage in research concerning ableism and macro-level stressors, and underscore the role of power structures and positionality in shaping the psychological impact of employment challenges experienced during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41721695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Employment Precarity, COVID-19 Risk, and Workers' Well-Being During the Pandemic in Europe 欧洲大流行期间的就业不稳定性、COVID-19风险和工人福利
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221126415
Q. Wu
{"title":"Employment Precarity, COVID-19 Risk, and Workers' Well-Being During the Pandemic in Europe","authors":"Q. Wu","doi":"10.1177/07308884221126415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221126415","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 crisis highlights a growing precarity in employment and the importance of employment for workers' well-being. Existing studies primarily examine the consequences of employment precarity through non-standard employment arrangements or the perception of job insecurity as a one-dimensional measure. Recent scholars advocate a multidimensional construct with a wide range of objective and subjective characteristics of precariousness. Using data from Eurofound's Living, Working, and COVID-19 surveys, I define employment precarity as the objective form of employment instability, as well as subjective terms of job insecurity and emotional precariousness. I also investigate whether and how various facets of employment precarity along with COVID-19 risk are associated with workers' mental and subjective well-being across 27 European Union member states during the pandemic. This study sheds light on a comprehensive understanding of objective and subjective dimensions of employment precarity, as well as their effects on workers' well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43485901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Contributions of Social Stressors and Coping Resources to Psychological Distress Among Those Who Experienced Furlough or Job Loss Due to COVID-19 社会压力源和应对资源对因COVID-19而经历休假或失业的人心理困扰的贡献
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221123325
Matthew K. Grace
{"title":"The Contributions of Social Stressors and Coping Resources to Psychological Distress Among Those Who Experienced Furlough or Job Loss Due to COVID-19","authors":"Matthew K. Grace","doi":"10.1177/07308884221123325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221123325","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated a global economic recession resulting in widespread unemployment and worker furloughs. Using national survey data (n = 2,000), this study examines whether and how employment-based discrepancies in financial strains, anticipatory stressors, and personal coping resources contribute to elevated psychological distress among those who experienced involuntary job displacement due to COVID-19. Disaggregating displaced workers into those who were furloughed and those who lost their job due to the pandemic, I find that both groups report more depressive symptoms and anger than the stably employed and respondents whose unemployment is not COVID-related. Greater financial strains and smaller reserves of coping resources contribute in varying degrees to heightened levels of distress found among displaced workers, however, anticipatory stress about economic security is the predominant factor driving disparities in psychological distress. These findings, and the central role of anticipatory stressors in shaping employment-based differences in mental health during the pandemic, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42938319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
“It’s Not Like Chasing Chanel:” Spending Time, Investing in the Self, and Pandemic Epiphanies 《这不像追逐香奈儿》:花时间，投资自我，以及流行病的顿悟
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221125246
Alexandrea J. Ravenelle, K. Kowalski
{"title":"“It’s Not Like Chasing Chanel:” Spending Time, Investing in the Self, and Pandemic Epiphanies","authors":"Alexandrea J. Ravenelle, K. Kowalski","doi":"10.1177/07308884221125246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221125246","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the labor market and given rise to the Great Resignation. Drawing on a mixed methods panel study of 199 precarious and gig-based workers, we analyze how a changing conception of free time during the Covid-19 pandemic led low-wage service workers to seek more fulfilling careers. Whereas most workers initially perceived free time in terms of opportunity costs, they later reconceived this time as enabling an investment in personal growth, moving from “spending time” making money to “investing time” in themselves. This shift in temporal experience is expressed through the adoption of a “work passion” logic and “pandemic epiphanies” that motivated respondents to seek self-affirming and potentially more lucrative work opportunities.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44235604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Do Large Employers Discriminate Less? An Exploration of Company Size Variation in Disability Discrimination Based on Data from two Field Experiments 大雇主歧视少吗?基于两个实地实验数据的公司规模差异对残障歧视的影响
IF 2.9 2区 社会学
Work and Occupations Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/07308884221126877
Vegar Bjørnshagen
{"title":"Do Large Employers Discriminate Less? An Exploration of Company Size Variation in Disability Discrimination Based on Data from two Field Experiments","authors":"Vegar Bjørnshagen","doi":"10.1177/07308884221126877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07308884221126877","url":null,"abstract":"Recent field experiments have documented that discrimination constitutes a barrier to employment for people with disabilities. Less is known about how disability discrimination varies across contexts in the labor market. This study explores whether hiring discrimination based on a history of mental health problems and against wheelchair users varies with company size using data from two field experiments. The study provides mixed evidence suggesting that the negative effect of disclosing a history of mental health problems on employers' hiring decisions does not vary with company size, whereas discrimination against wheelchair users occurs less often in large companies.","PeriodicalId":47716,"journal":{"name":"Work and Occupations","volume":"49 1","pages":"483 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43287971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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