Journal of Cognition and Development最新文献

{"title":"We Cannot Ignore the Signs: The Development of Equivalence and Arithmetic for Students from Grades 3 to 4","authors":"Chang Xu, Hongxia Li, Sabrina M. Di Lonardo Burr, Jiwei Si, J. LeFevre, Xinfeng Zhuo","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2245507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2245507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42361229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s Essentialist Beliefs About Weight","authors":"Rebecca Peretz-Lange, Keri Carvalho, P. Muentener","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2237228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2237228","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Striking weight biases emerge early in development, yet cognitive-developmental research has largely ignored weight as a social characteristic of interest. How do children conceive of weight? In particular, do children hold essentialist views of weight (i.e. do they view weight as natural, stable, inductively meaningful, and reflective of people’s insides) as they do of so many other social characteristics? We conducted an exploratory investigation of children’s weight essentialism across two studies. In total, 356 participants (280 4- to 11-year-old children and 76 adults from the United States, mostly White and from middle- to high-income families) participated in three tasks, respectively assessing three dimensions of essentialism of social categories: Beliefs about weight stability, heritability, and inductive potential despite transformation. Results revealed that children viewed weight as stable (similarly so to race) and informative of someone’s food choices, but they did not view it as biologically- or genetically-determined. Thus, children may not view weight as reflecting people’s biological nature (biological essentialism), but they may view weight as reflecting people’s stable personal character (moral essentialism) – a view which is also highly compatible with weight bias, unlike biological essentialism. Children also demonstrated stronger essentialist views of lightness than heaviness across tasks, though essentialism of heaviness increased over development. Findings are discussed as they relate to early conceptions of weight and weight bias. Implications for conceptualizations and measurement of essentialism are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44845728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Diversifying Early Language Development Research: The First Truly Global International Summer/Winter School on Language Acquisition (/L+/) 2021","authors":"Paulina Aravena-Bravo, Alejandrina Cristià, Rowena Garcia, Hiromasa Kotera, Ramona Kunene Nicolas, Ronel O. Laranjo, B. Arokoyọ, S. Benavides-Varela, Titia Benders, Natalie Boll-Avetisyan, M. Cychosz, Rodrigo Dal Ben, Yatma Diop, Catalina Durán-Urzúa, N. Havron, M. Manalili, B. Narasimhan, Paul Okyere Omane, C. Rowland, L. Kolberg, A. Ssemata, S. Styles, Belén Troncoso-Acosta, Fei Ting Woon","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2231083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2231083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44255577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of Children’s Autobiographical and Deliberate Memory Through Mother–Child Reminiscing","authors":"Olivia K. Cook, Jennifer L. Coffman, P. Ornstein","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2225620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2225620","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Children’s use of appropriate techniques for remembering and the effectiveness of deliberate strategies improve throughout elementary school. However, relatively little is known about the contextual factors that may play a role in the development of these skills as children enter formal school. Building upon findings from the mother – child reminiscing literature, the current study was designed to examine concurrent and longitudinal associations between maternal elaborative reminiscing style, children’s autobiographical memory, and children's deliberate memory skills. Fifty-one children entering kindergarten, drawn from three schools in the Southeastern region of the United States, were assessed with a battery that included tasks for measuring autobiographical memory and deliberate memory. In a parent – child reminiscing task , parent – child dyads discussed two jointly-experienced events, and parents were categorized as higher or lower in their elaborative reminiscing style. The results reveal an association between parents’ reminiscing style and their children’s performance on the Free Recall with Organizational Training Task , in which both spontaneous and trained strategy use and recall are measured. Although elaborative reminiscing style was not associated with children’s spontaneous strategy use or recall performance at school entry, children with higher elaborative mothers displayed higher levels of strategy use and recall scores after training than did children with lower elaborative mothers. These findings highlight linkages between parents’ elaborative style and children’s uptake and successful use of strategic organizational training, underscoring the role that parent – child reminiscing conversations play in the socialization of cognition.","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46924874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of “Becoming Human”","authors":"T. Kushnir, Trisha Katz, Jessa Stegall","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2226207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2226207","url":null,"abstract":"Inquisitive observers of human culture encounter a paradox: We treat the belief-systems, norms, and practices of our own communities as if they are a fixed part of our nature, yet across groups of people, the diversity of ways of being – and corresponding diversity of psychologies – suggests the opposite. This observation has motivated a sea-change in the social and cognitive sciences away from claiming human universals (especially universals based solely on the study of “WEIRD” populations, Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan, 2010) and toward highlighting human diversity. This is an exciting and important change, but the explosion of new theories, new research paradigms, and new data can at times feel dizzying and chaotic for those of us who seek a principled way to understand what it means to be human. In his book Becoming Human: A Theory of Ontogeny, Michael Tomasello provides an elegant, culturally aware, and evolutionarily informed account of what we share despite our differences: our uniquely human ontogenies. This book is centrally about human development, specifically the unique cognitive and behavioral capacities arising in the first five years that enable us to participate in human social life and culture. Readers familiar with Tomasello’s extensive body of work will recognize the foundations of the evolutionary argument: Adaptations for social coordination and social transmission explain how humans diverged psychologically from our nearest primate relatives. Our capacity for Shared Intentionality – for acting collaboratively with others toward shared goals – is the key to human cognitive uniqueness and also to our success. But in Becoming Human, more than in any of his prior work, Tomasello elucidates every aspect of the development of the cognitive capacities necessary for shared intentionality in detail. In so doing, he elevates development as the primary, principled explanation for human cultural and psychological diversity. The argument can be summarized by reference to the title: To understand being, we have to understand becoming. Tomasello’s developmental theory is a classic nature-nurture interaction with twist: he argues for precisely timed maturational changes that emerge as a result of transactions between child and environment. The transactions are organized into four categories of learning experiences – individual, observational, pedagogical (instruction from adults), and collaborative (coordination with peers). As Tomasello states, “It is what children experience and learn during these maturationally structured transactions – and in many cases how they learn and who they learn from – that actually propels human ontogeny forward” (p. 35). An important part of the story is the capacity for self-regulation and adaptive action. Each social learning experience taxes the developing child’s executive self-regulation skills in unique ways. Self-regulating in various social contexts contributes to growth in cognitive capacities necessar","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":"24 1","pages":"620 - 622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46295234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cognitive Underpinnings of Early Arithmetic Depend on Arithmetic Problem Format: A Study with Five-Year-Old Children","authors":"Laura Traverso, Irene Tonizzi, M. Usai, P. Viterbori","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2219743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2219743","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Children’s arithmetic performance is dependent on the arithmetic task format, but little is known about how domain-specific and domain-general abilities contribute to solving diverse arithmetic problems. In this study, 145 Italian typically developing children between the ages of five and six, who have not yet received formal schooling, were administered the same addition problems in diverse formats (nonverbal problems, story problems, number-fact problems), diverse number-knowledge tasks (set comparison, number sequence, set to numerals, and count principle tasks), and domain-general tasks (fluid intelligence, language, visuoconstructive skills, working memory, and inhibition tasks). Results indicated that children were more accurate on nonverbal problems, followed by story problems and number-fact problems. Furthermore, performance on diverse problems was differently associated with the other variables, which suggests that different problem formats draw on different cognitive skills.","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49453415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s Pursuit of Counterintuitive Information in Books","authors":"Jonathan D. Lane, Samuel Ronfard","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2216283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2216283","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For decades, developmental psychologists and educators have emphasized that learning about counterintuitive phenomena may be a critical driving force for cognitive development. Thus far, little is known about the specific content that children seek to enrich their knowledge. Using a novel book-choice paradigm, we directly examine children’s preference to engage with media that contains more mundane vs. more counterintuitive content. Children ranging from 3- to 8-years (N = 174), from the U.S. and Canada, were presented with pairs of books about animals. The two books in each pair were visually identical aside from their printed title. One book in each pair was described as presenting a fact that (according to validation data on children’s and adults’ beliefs in these facts) was relatively intuitive, and the other book was described as presenting a fact that was relatively counterintuitive. The youngest participants (3–4 years) demonstrated no preference in selecting books with intuitive vs. counterintuitive facts about animals, whereas older children (5-years onward) demonstrated an increasing preference for counterintuitive content. Combined with validation data on children’s and adults’ intuitions about the focal facts, these data suggest that children’s preference to seek information that adults deem counterintuitive (at least in the domain of biology) increases with age as a function of changes in the strength of children’s intuitions about what is possible.","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48826106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s Emerging Understanding of Anonymity Does Not Predict Reputation Enhancing Generosity","authors":"J. Richards, Stephanie Hartlin, C. Moore, John Corbit","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2216297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2216297","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Young children tend to behave more generously when their actions are identified than when they are anonymous, yet we know little about the cognitive foundations required for anonymity to impact generosity. In three studies we examined Canadian children’s understanding of anonymity and its impact on sharing in anonymous and identified contexts. Study 1 assessed whether 3- and 5-year-old children (N = 100, 51 female) understood anonymous and identified sharing, and whether age-related changes in their understanding corresponded to sharing behavior. We found that understanding of anonymity improved with age, but anonymity did not influence sharing. Study 2 assessed 5-year-old children’s (N = 60, 30 female) judgments about how others would share in these contexts and their preferences for receiving donations from identified or anonymous donors. We found that children preferred to receive from identified donors and believed that identified donors were more generous. Study 3 assessed whether 5-year-old children (N = 60, 30 female) preferred to share as anonymous or identified donors themselves, and whether their choice influenced sharing behavior. We found that while participants preferred to share as identified donors, this choice did not influence sharing. Overall, our findings suggest that although 5-year-old Canadian children have a robust understanding of the implications of anonymous and identified sharing, this understanding is not sufficient to motivate increased generosity.","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42747211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Assessments of Social Skills Can Complement Teacher Ratings in Predicting Children’s Academic Achievement","authors":"Katharine E. Scott, R. King, A. Cochrane, C. Kalish, Kristin Shutts","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2216291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2216291","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present research evaluated whether behavioral tasks (“direct assessments”) commonly used to assess young children’s social cognitive development in laboratory studies could have utility for measuring and predicting U.S. children’s outcomes in educational contexts. To do so, children (N = 95; 49 boys, 46 girls; 41.05% White, 16.84% Hispanic, 14.74% Black, 13.68% Asian, 11.58% Multiracial, 2.11% American Indian/Alaska Native) in a publicly funded pre-kindergarten (4K) program in the United States completed 9 direct assessments that capture important skills in early childhood (e.g., task switching, group conformity preference, theory of mind). The school district also provided children’s 4K and kindergarten grades (assessed through teacher ratings of children) to evaluate whether direct assessments had additional explanatory power over-and-above existing metrics of children’s aptitude. Across the direct assessments, children’s group conformity preferences (i.e., the extent to which children preferred members of the same group to behave in the same way) were most reliably correlated with concurrent (4K) and predictive of future (kindergarten) grades, even when controlling for teacher ratings of children’s concurrent performance. Interestingly, teacher ratings of children on each assessment loaded onto a single factor despite the intention to capture theoretically distinct components of children’s school performance. Discussion focuses on the implications of direct assessments in educational contexts and critical areas for future research at the interface of psychology and education.","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42859983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Partnerships to Shift Power Asymmetries in Research with Vulnerable Communities: Reflections from an Early Childhood Development Project in South Africa","authors":"C. Draper, C. Cook, Riedewhaan Allie, S. Howard, Hleliwe Makaula, R. Merkley, Mbulelo Mshudulu, Nafeesa Rahbeeni, Nosibusiso Tshetu, G. Scerif","doi":"10.1080/15248372.2023.2215863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2023.2215863","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognition and Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44305294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}