Population Research and Policy Review最新文献_第3页

Parental Loss and Mental Health in Post-Khmer-Rouge Cambodia 后红色高棉时期柬埔寨的父母丧亡与心理健康

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09894-3

Patrick Heuveline, Angela K. Clague

{"title":"Parental Loss and Mental Health in Post-Khmer-Rouge Cambodia","authors":"Patrick Heuveline, Angela K. Clague","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09894-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09894-3","url":null,"abstract":"Adverse childhood events (ACE) may have lasting consequences throughout the life course. We focus on one particular type of ACE, parental loss in Cambodia—a country that lost nearly 25% of its population during the 1975-79 Khmer-Rouge regime—and on mental health disorders, one of the potential mechanisms through which ACE may have long-term consequences. Self-reports of symptoms that map on to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders (DSM) criteria for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were collected from 4,405 adults aged 20 and over. We first assess exposure to traumatic events and the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and PTSD using the DSM and alternative criteria. Based on the DSM criteria and previously validated Likert-scale thresholds, we find a high prevalence of anxiety (56.0%), depression (42.8%), and PTSD (2.3%), and even higher levels even among KRR survivors. We then use logit models to analyze the effect of parental loss before age 20 on the likelihood of having experienced traumatic events and experiencing mental health disorders. We find the loss of one parent increases the likelihood of full-PTSD symptoms, but the loss of both parents does not. These findings may result from positive selection into better-off households for orphans whose parents have both died but may also reflect the grief-related difficulties faced by the surviving parent of paternal or maternal orphans. While alternative thresholds for PTSD produced higher prevalence estimates, these measures did not perform better for assessing the effect of parental loss on mental health.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Twitter Data Mirror the European North–South Family Ties Divide? A Comparative Analysis of Tweets About Family 推特数据是否反映了欧洲南北家庭纽带的鸿沟？关于家庭的推文比较分析

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09891-6

Sofia Gil-Clavel, Clara H. Mulder

{"title":"Does Twitter Data Mirror the European North–South Family Ties Divide? A Comparative Analysis of Tweets About Family","authors":"Sofia Gil-Clavel, Clara H. Mulder","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09891-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09891-6","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research on the relationship between geographical distance and the frequency of contact between family members has shown that the strength of family ties differs between Northern and Southern Europe. However, little is known about how family ties are reflected in peoples’ conversations on social media, despite research showing the relevance of social media data for understanding users’ daily expressions of emotions and thoughts based on their immediate experiences. This work investigates the question of whether Twitter use patterns in Europe mirror the North–South divide in the strength of family ties by analyzing potential differences in family-related tweets between users in Northern and Southern European countries. This study relies on a longitudinal database derived from Twitter collected between January 2012 and December 2016. We perform a comparative analysis of Southern and Northern European users’ tweets using Bayesian generalized multilevel models together with the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software. We analyze the association between regional differences in the strength of family ties and patterns of tweeting about family. Results show that the North–South divide is reflected in the frequency of tweets that are about family, that refer to family in the past versus in the present tense, and that are about close versus extended family.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptions of the Size of the Foreign-Born Population: Do Changes in Multicultural Policies Shape Beliefs? 对外国出生人口规模的看法：多元文化政策的变化会影响人们的看法吗？

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09896-1

Ronald Kwon, Phoebe Ho, Mehr Mumtaz

{"title":"Perceptions of the Size of the Foreign-Born Population: Do Changes in Multicultural Policies Shape Beliefs?","authors":"Ronald Kwon, Phoebe Ho, Mehr Mumtaz","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09896-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09896-1","url":null,"abstract":"Research has linked individual estimations of the size of the foreign-born population to attitudes about immigration. However, most studies focus on the accuracy of estimations rather than on perceptions of group size, even though perceptions on their own are an important predictor of attitudes. Studies examining the determinants of the perceptions of foreign-born population size emphasize individual-level factors and overlook the role of national-level contexts, such as policy changes. Changes in multicultural policies may contribute to various cognitive biases that inform how individuals perceive the size of the foreign-born population. In this study, we examine the association between changes in multiculturalist policies and individuals’ quantitative perceptions of the foreign-born population size in 14 European countries, using the 2002 and 2014 waves of data from the European Social Survey (ESS). Results from fixed effects models show a positive association between multicultural policies and estimates of the foreign-born population, net of individual-level measures and the actual size of the foreign-born population.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absolute Wealth Mobility in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间美国财富的绝对流动性

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09890-7

Joe LaBriola, Jake J. Hays

引用次数: 0

Sub-National Population Projections for Mexico Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) in the Context of Climate Change 气候变化背景下共享社会经济路径（SSPs）下的墨西哥次国家级人口预测

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09888-1

Ricardo Regules García, Ana C. Gómez-Ugarte, Hamidreza Zoraghein, Leiwen Jiang

{"title":"Sub-National Population Projections for Mexico Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) in the Context of Climate Change","authors":"Ricardo Regules García, Ana C. Gómez-Ugarte, Hamidreza Zoraghein, Leiwen Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09888-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09888-1","url":null,"abstract":"Demographic projections are important for Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability (IAV) assessments around climate change. When linked with physical models that delineate alternative outcomes of climate hazards, they lead to enhanced understanding of the location and size of the most vulnerable populations, thereby improving hot-spot analysis for more targeted intervention planning. These demographic projections should be consistent with the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) so their combination with climate projections offers a diverse set of perspectives for climate change risk assessments. Most SSP based projections have been developed at a national level, which mask local-scale heterogeneities. Mexico is a heterogeneous country in terms of climate hazards, demographic characteristics, aging population, and socioeconomic inequalities across regions and states. Thus, we translate the extended SSP scenarios to quantitative demographic assumptions based on regional distinct background conditions. We then use a multi-regional cohort component model to generate SSP-based demographic projections by gender and age for each Mexican state from 2020 to 2100. We also discuss several applications to highlight the added value of using spatially refined demographic projections for IAV analysis and targeted policymaking aimed at improving the resilience of Mexico’s population in relation to climate change. Our projections indicate that, under certain SSPs, domestic migration is a major driver of population change in some states. Our subnational SSP-based demographic projections are the first set of this type of projections for Mexico informed by regional differences in demographic processes, thereby enhancing the evaluation of medium-term and long-term effects of climate change in localized scales.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141259322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strangers in the Homeland? The Academic Performance of U.S.-Born Children of Return Migrants in Mexico 故乡的陌生人？返回墨西哥的移民在美国出生的子女的学习成绩

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09886-3

Nathan I. Hoffmann

引用次数: 0

Gender and Beyond: Employment Patterns during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy 性别及其他：意大利 COVID-19 大流行期间的就业模式

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09878-3

Elisa Brini, Stefani Scherer, Agnese Vitali

{"title":"Gender and Beyond: Employment Patterns during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy","authors":"Elisa Brini, Stefani Scherer, Agnese Vitali","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09878-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09878-3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates employment changes during the COVID-19 pandemic for women and men in a country characterized by notoriously low female employment: Italy. The paper explores to what extent previously existing inequalities in employment were further exacerbated during the pandemic. Using data from the Italian Labor Force Surveys from 2018 to 2020, we find evidence of a limited decline in employment, but a steep increase in the number of individuals working zero hours during the lockdown periods. This result holds for both men and women. The pandemic highlighted how gender inequalities in employment intersect with other socioeconomic disadvantages: single mothers and lower-educated women were more affected than their male counterparts, while single men without children and foreign men were hit stronger than women with the same characteristics in the immediate aftermath of the pandemic. The pandemic thus came with differentiated consequences, generally affecting those already in less advantaged situations harder. At the same time, the results support the idea that women’s employment was crucial to counteract job loss in the family, and some became the only breadwinner for their families. This also exposed them to risks by working during the pandemic. Overall, the pandemic greatly accentuated preexisting social inequalities in the Italian labor market, yet with an apparently transitory effect at least regarding employment participation.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coresidence with Grandparents and Children’s Socioemotional Health in Kindergarten 与祖父母同住和儿童在幼儿园的社会情感健康

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09880-9

Mindy Steadman, Bethany G. Everett, Claudia Geist

{"title":"Coresidence with Grandparents and Children’s Socioemotional Health in Kindergarten","authors":"Mindy Steadman, Bethany G. Everett, Claudia Geist","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09880-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09880-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores linkages between various living arrangements with and without grandparents and children’s socioemotional functioning in kindergarten. Changing family patterns and increases in longevity have resulted in increasing numbers of American children coresiding with grandparents. Despite these trends, little scholarly attention has been given to associations between grandparental coresidence and children’s socioemotional health. Data comes from the second wave of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, 2010–2011 kindergarten cohort. Using a sample of 11,486 eligible children, associations between various living arrangements, with and without grandparents, and four measures of socioemotional health (interpersonal skills, self-control, and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors) are explored. Multiple linear regression models are weighted to produce nationally representative estimates. Findings indicate that children in one-parent multigenerational households (MGHs) and grandfamilies (with grandparent(s) as the primary caregiver and no parents) have less favorable teacher-reported socioemotional health outcomes compared to those in two-parent households without grandparents. However, between-group comparisons of children in similar living arrangements in terms of the number of parents (two, one, none), with and without grandparents, suggest the addition of a grandparent to a household is a net neutral for children’s social and emotional well-being. Having more favorable economic and primary caregiver resources may help mitigate adverse socioemotional outcomes for children in non-nuclear families, including those with grandparents. Efforts to strengthen the resource portfolios of such families should be prioritized in order to reduce observed socioemotional disadvantages for coresident children.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stress Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among US Black Women: Ethnicity and Nativity Intersections 美国黑人妇女的压力暴露与心血管疾病风险：种族与出生地的交叉

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09883-6

Christy L. Erving

{"title":"Stress Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among US Black Women: Ethnicity and Nativity Intersections","authors":"Christy L. Erving","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09883-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09883-6","url":null,"abstract":"Most health disparities and population health scholarship homogenizes Black women, masking within-group distinctions in their lived experience and health. Moreover, the stress literature tends to focus on the health consequences of one stressor (e.g., financial strain) or a single domain from which stressors emanate (e.g., family relationships). Filling these literature gaps, this study integrates stress theory and the intersectionality framework to investigate ethnicity and nativity status heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease risk factors (i.e., hypertension and obesity) and stress profiles of US Black women while also testing for interrelationships among social status, stress exposure, and health. Drawing from the National Survey of American Life (N = 2872), the analysis proceeded with binary logistic regression models to ascertain the associations among ethnic-nativity status, stress, and cardiovascular disease risk. Study results revealed higher rates of obesity for US-born Afro-Caribbean women, followed by US-born African American and foreign-born Afro-Caribbean women. US-born African American women, however, were at greatest risk for hypertension. Differential exposure to stressors inclusive of everyday discrimination, stressful life events, financial strain, and negative interactions with family members did not explain ethnic-nativity differences in hypertension and obesity. Nonetheless, the association between specific stressors and health differed by ethnic-nativity status. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140798399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timing and Toll: Europe’s Excess Mortality in the First Three Years of COVID-19 时间与代价：欧洲在 COVID-19 前三年的超额死亡率

IF 2.4 3区社会学

Population Research and Policy Review Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11113-024-09884-5

Ivan Marinković, Marko Galjak

{"title":"Timing and Toll: Europe’s Excess Mortality in the First Three Years of COVID-19","authors":"Ivan Marinković, Marko Galjak","doi":"10.1007/s11113-024-09884-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11113-024-09884-5","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines excess mortality patterns in 32 European countries during the first three years of the pandemic, offering insights into the pandemic’s toll on each country. Using data from national statistical offices, we calculated monthly excess mortality for 2020–2022. Time series decomposition was employed for trend analysis, followed by clustering countries based on their mortality trends. Then we compared total excess mortality among different clusters. We found that neighboring countries with similar characteristics experienced comparable levels of excess mortality, regardless of the differences in their pandemic trajectories identified by cluster analysis. Other factors, such as healthcare infrastructure and pre-existing health risks, appear to have had a more significant impact on total excess mortality, with various pre-existing regional factors playing significant roles in shaping the pandemic’s final toll. While the timing of peak excess mortality may have been a factor, it was not the primary driver of the overall toll. This study highlights the critical need for comprehensive public health strategies that focus on reinforcing healthcare infrastructure and mitigating pre-existing health risks, essential for effective pandemic preparedness and response. These findings suggest the need for reevaluating current approaches and exploring alternative strategies for managing future health emergencies.","PeriodicalId":47633,"journal":{"name":"Population Research and Policy Review","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140798484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0