{"title":"Moving Targets and Missed Opportunities: Being Honest With Teachers and Ourselves","authors":"Thomas W. Farmer","doi":"10.1177/10634266241280243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241280243","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a conceptual commentary on the special series on potential burnout of teachers of students with emotional and behavioral difficulties (EBD). The issue of teacher burnout is considered through a dynamic, ecological systems theory framework to summarize the complexities of working with students with EBD and to highlight the importance of addressing their needs from a whole child in context perspective. Current limits of eividence-based practices, service delivery structures, and research approaches are also considered and possible steps forward are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryce D. McLeod, Kevin S. Sutherland, Michael D. Broda, Kristen L. Granger, Nicole Hollins, Andy J. Frey, Katrina A. Markowicz, Emma Dear
{"title":"Initial Development of the Child Responsiveness Scale for Early Childhood Settings","authors":"Bryce D. McLeod, Kevin S. Sutherland, Michael D. Broda, Kristen L. Granger, Nicole Hollins, Andy J. Frey, Katrina A. Markowicz, Emma Dear","doi":"10.1177/10634266241271392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241271392","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents initial psychometric data for scores on the Child Responsiveness Scale (CRS), an observational measure to assess child responsiveness to teacher delivery of practices designed to promote social-emotional competencies. In Study 1, 633 live observations conducted with 54 teachers and 91 children at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders in early childhood classrooms were rated independently by two coders. Interrater reliability, ICC(2,2), for the CRS item scores, averaged .67 ( SD = .06; range .55 to .72). The CRS scale scores demonstrated sensitivity to variation across teachers, children, and coders. In Study 2, 634 recorded observations with 52 teachers and 52 children in early childhood classrooms were rated independently by two coders. Interrater reliability, ICC(2,2), for the item scores, averaged .62 ( SD = .08; range .53 to .74). An exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis conducted on separate samples indicated that the items were best represented as two correlated factors, one for positive and one for negative items. Analyses provided preliminary evidence for CRS scale score validity. Future research directions are discussed regarding using the CRS to evaluate child responsiveness’s role in promoting child outcomes in early childhood classrooms.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Güler Çetin, Jennifer L. Frank, Patricia A. Jennings
{"title":"Teacher Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Burnout: The Mediating Roles of Interpersonal Mindfulness in Teaching and Emotion Regulation","authors":"Güler Çetin, Jennifer L. Frank, Patricia A. Jennings","doi":"10.1177/10634266241272049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241272049","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the relationships among teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and burnout, with the intention of exploring the mediating roles of interpersonal mindfulness and emotion regulation. A total of 224 elementary school teachers from 36 elementary schools in a high-poverty, inner city setting in the Northeastern United States participated voluntarily in the study. Correlation and path analyses were conducted to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, interpersonal mindfulness, emotion regulation, and burnout were significantly related to each other. The results also showed that teachers’ interpersonal mindfulness and expressive suppression served as crucial mediating pathways from self-efficacy to burnout; thereby should be considered among the inventory of psychological resources that protect teachers against burnout.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the Relationship Between Race and Career Intent of Teachers Serving Students With Emotional and Behavior Disorders","authors":"LaRon A. Scott, Nicholas Bell","doi":"10.1177/10634266241272028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241272028","url":null,"abstract":"We used structure equation models to examine the career intent of special education teachers serving students with emotional and behavior disorders (EBD). Known factors of special educator attrition, including race and characteristic of students served, were considered in analyzing career intent. A total of 841 special education teachers across the United States completed the survey. Results showed that, although nuanced, teachers serving students with EBD had lower intent to stay in the profession over teachers serving students in other disability categories. Intent was higher for special education teachers of color serving students with EBD, particularly when certain supports (e.g., administrator support, time support, mentor support) were prominent. Implications for specialized supports and practices to retain teachers serving students with EBD are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142138261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Averill F. Obee, Katie C. Hart, Andre V. Maharaj, Paulo A. Graziano
{"title":"Taking Charge of Early Childhood Transitions: Preventing Challenging Behaviors Through Engaging Routines","authors":"Averill F. Obee, Katie C. Hart, Andre V. Maharaj, Paulo A. Graziano","doi":"10.1177/10634266241271357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241271357","url":null,"abstract":"During a school day, children make several transitions between activities, which can take away from instructional time and result in challenging behaviors. This study investigates the impact positive engagement and behavioral supports have on children’s behavior while transitioning. Participants ( N = 40; 77.5% Male; 92.5% Hispanic) were enrolled in the Summer Treatment Program for Pre-Kindergarteners, a school readiness program for children with externalizing behavior problems. Using a between-group, cross-over design, classrooms were randomly assigned to three conditions: (a) silent monitoring (i.e., children and counselors transitioned silently or quietly), (b) positive monitoring (i.e., counselors provided praise and children were allowed to talk), and (c) positive monitoring and engagement (i.e., counselors provided entertainment and praise). Results demonstrated significant differences in rule violations based on the transition condition, where groups receiving positive monitoring or engagement displayed fewer violations than those receiving silent monitoring. Implications for educator practices and school policies are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142101915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Series Part II: Supporting Teachers of Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","authors":"LaRon A. Scott","doi":"10.1177/10634266241253544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241253544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathleen Lynne Lane, Mark Matthew Buckman, Wendy Peia Oakes, Kandace Fleming, Nathan Allen Lane, Katie Scarlett Lane Pelton, Rebecca Esther Swinburne Romine, Rebecca Sherod, Grant Edmund Allen
{"title":"Examining the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Elementary Students’ Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors in Schools Implementing Tiered Systems","authors":"Kathleen Lynne Lane, Mark Matthew Buckman, Wendy Peia Oakes, Kandace Fleming, Nathan Allen Lane, Katie Scarlett Lane Pelton, Rebecca Esther Swinburne Romine, Rebecca Sherod, Grant Edmund Allen","doi":"10.1177/10634266241248446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241248446","url":null,"abstract":"There is an urgent need to aid in what will be an ongoing educational recovery in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. One avenue for supporting students with and at-risk for emotional and behavioral disorders (e.g., internalizing and externalizing behaviors) is implementation of tiered systems, which emphasize evidence-based practices to prevent and respond to academic, behavioral, and social and emotional well-being needs. We conducted this study to quantify cross-sectional differences between the academic years before (prepandemic: 2018–2019 and 2019–2020) and immediately following the pandemic onset (after-pandemic onset: 2021–2022) in students’ levels of internalizing and externalizing behaviors and referrals for special education eligibility determination. We analyzed data from the Student Risk Screening Scale for Internalizing and Externalizing (SRSS-IE) and district-provided special education data from 22 elementary schools collected as part of regular practices. Schools were from two midwestern districts implementing an integrated tiered system of support—the Comprehensive, Integrated, Three-tiered (Ci3T) model of prevention—district-wide. Results indicated some statistically significant but very small-magnitude differences in internalizing and externalizing behaviors relative to the pandemic with few exceptions (e.g., fall externalizing scores slightly lower in fall after the pandemic onset). Effect sizes suggested students with disabilities and students of color were very similar and did not indicate differential pandemic impact. We discussed limitations, which centered primarily on issues of generalizability, and encouraged other researchers to examine shifts in student performance in other locales, in schools not yet implementing tiered systems, and in subsequent years following the pandemic onset.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel V. Poling, Stephen W. Smith, Jia Ma, Yuxi Qiu
{"title":"Teacher Responsiveness and Instruction for Verbal Aggression Victimization: Survey Results of Secondary Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","authors":"Daniel V. Poling, Stephen W. Smith, Jia Ma, Yuxi Qiu","doi":"10.1177/10634266241238734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241238734","url":null,"abstract":"Students identified with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBDs) often have difficulty with social adjustment and academic achievement, engaging in problem behaviors such as defiance, rule-breaking, and truancy, yet one particularly challenging behavior is aggression. Researchers assert that verbal aggression (VA) is the most frequent form of aggression in schools; however, little is known about student perceptions of VA among students with EBD. We surveyed 144 secondary students with EBD finding infrequent reporting to teachers about VA victimization. According to students, the most effective teacher responses to a report of VA victimization were moving the victim away from the perpetrator, providing advice, and punishing the aggressor. Students reported that the content of teacher instruction about VA most often included reporting victimization to a teacher, avoiding the aggressor, and ignoring the verbally aggressive behavior. We discuss implications for teacher education and practice including what strategies deter VA and effective teacher responses to victimization. We conclude with recommendations for future research such as examining risk and protective factors for VA involvement, assessing whether students’ attitudes and beliefs contribute to VA, and conducting longitudinal studies.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140534110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonte’ C. Taylor, L. Meghan Allen, Jared Van, Michele Moohr
{"title":"The Effects of Project-Based Learning on Student Behavior and Teacher Burnout in an Emotional/Behavioral Support Classroom","authors":"Jonte’ C. Taylor, L. Meghan Allen, Jared Van, Michele Moohr","doi":"10.1177/10634266241235933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241235933","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching is one of the most stressful occupations in America. This is especially true for teachers who are responsible for meeting the complex needs of students with disabilities, particularly those with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). In fact, EBD teachers have a higher risk of experiencing burnout than their special education and general education colleagues. This burnout leads EBD teachers to leave the specialization of EBD, leave the field of special education, or leave the teaching profession as a whole. One way to mitigate this exodus of EBD teachers is to provide a broader pedagogical opportunity. Project-based learning (PBL) is a pedagogical methodology that is not often used by EBD teachers. The current study examines the use of PBL teaching to support students behaviorally and its impact on EBD teacher stress and job satisfaction. PBL was shown to improve student classroom and personal behaviors as well as increase job satisfaction for EBD teachers.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140317171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social (Dis)Integration: Using Social Ties and Networks to Understand Potential Sources of and Leverage Points for Middle School Special Education Teachers’ Burnout","authors":"Jill V. Hamm, David Lee, Thomas W. Farmer","doi":"10.1177/10634266241237998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266241237998","url":null,"abstract":"Teachers’ social ties to colleagues are a key conduit of instructional and classroom management resources, and social and emotional support to meet teaching challenges. We argue that special education teachers’ formal and informal collegial ties are malleable contributors to factors that undergird their burnout. Using middle schools as an example, we use social network constructs and longitudinal analyses to demonstrate the limited extent to which special educators formally assigned to interdisciplinary teams actually forge and maintain constructive ties with their assigned colleagues. Furthermore, we describe the collegial qualities of the ties that special educators do form with general educators. By investigating the naturally occurring social ties of special educators within a prevalent social organization of teachers, we can identify strategies to help administrators align the formal and informal social structure of teachers, and interventions to support the qualities of special educators that promote strong ties to general educators, thereby increasing the social integration of special education teachers.","PeriodicalId":47557,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}