Applied Physics B最新文献

{"title":"Study on polarization accuracy and its influencing mechanisms of division of focal plane polarimeter","authors":"Zhibo Ma,&nbsp;Naiting Gu,&nbsp;Junbo Zhang,&nbsp;Ao Tang","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08443-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08443-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The division of focal plane (DoFP) polarimeter is a vital tool for polarization imaging due to its compact structure and stable performance. However, its detection accuracy is significantly influenced by fabrication and integration errors of the micro-polarizer array (MPA). To address this, we establish a clear relationship between the accuracy of DoFP polarimeter and error sources, including the integration alignment, integration distance, integration angle, transmission axis angles, and extinction ratio of the MPA. Using a novel mathematical model based on the finite difference time domain method, we quantitatively analyze the impact of these errors on polarization detection accuracy. Our results demonstrate that as the detection accuracy improves from 10^− 1 to 10^− 2 and 10^− 3, the required fabrication accuracy of MPA’s transmission axis angles and the integration accuracy both increase by approximately one order of magnitude. Additionally, to achieve same accuracy improvements, the extinction ratio of the MPA exhibits nonlinear growth, increasing by about 2.5 times and 20 times, respectively. These findings provide a critical foundation for error control and quantitative performance assessment in DoFP polarimeters, advancing their application in various fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-femtosecond pulse LIBS: role of polarization and dual-wavelength field","authors":"Jian Gao,&nbsp;Chen Yang,&nbsp;Shujia Wu,&nbsp;Shaohua Sun,&nbsp;Guoqiang Shi,&nbsp;Zuoye Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08445-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08445-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers several advantages, including simultaneous multi-element detection, a simple structure, rapid detection speed, and no impact on sample morphology. Recent advancements in LIBS technology have focused primarily on signal enhancement and improved data analysis, with imaging techniques serving as the main method for exploring plasma characteristics. In this study, we investigate the application of a femtosecond (fs) double-pulse scheme to enhance the analytical performance of LIBS under varying polarization and wavelength conditions. Our results show that combining double pulses with polarization allows for the study of the plasma expansion process. This research presents new insights into the development of LIBS by adjusting the relationship between the polarization state and wavelength, offering a relatively simple method for improving LIBS technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A theoretical model for small-area transverse force measurement based on linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating","authors":"Xinghua Tu,&nbsp;Jie Ou,&nbsp;Lianyan Li,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhao,&nbsp;Junhui Diao","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08439-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08439-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating is subjected to transverse force, there will be some axial extension in the applied area. If the area is the same order of magnitude as the fiber diameter, the influence of the axial expansion cannot be neglected that an extra phase shift is produced in the structure of the grating. The transmission peak of new corresponding spectral is closely related with the location of the phase shift. We consider also the birefringence in the applied area of the grating with transverse force. In this study, based on the mechanical analysis of space elasticity, we present a theoretical sensing model of transverse force in small area by measuring the polarization dependent loss. The results show that the force is exponentially related to the transmission coefficient and linearly related to the peak value of the polarization dependent loss. The peak wavelength of the polarization dependent loss spectrum corresponds to the location and the magnitude of the transverse force. Therefore, we can measure and locate the transverse force with small applied area. In practical applications, the sensitivity of the transverse force measurement can be enhanced effectively by fixing the length of the forced region during packaging. And it can be connected in series forming a transverse force sensor network to locate the sensing position accurately.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryogenic performance of Ho:YAP: spectroscopy and lasing at 2.1 (upmu)m","authors":"Jan Šulc,&nbsp;Miroslav Coubal,&nbsp;Michal Němec,&nbsp;Helena Jelínková,&nbsp;Karel Nejezchleb,&nbsp;Štěpán Uxa","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08437-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08437-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The holmium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite (Ho:YAP, <span>(hbox {Ho:YAlO}_{3})</span>) is a promising material for high-power mid-infrared solid-state lasers. This study presents detailed temperature-dependent spectroscopic properties of Ho:YAP, including 2 <span>(upmu)</span>m polarisation-resolved absorption and emission spectra, as well as the upper-laser-level lifetime, measured across a wide temperature range (4–300 K). For experimental validation, three Ho:YAP crystals with different orientations (<span>(mathbf {{a}})</span>-, <span>(mathbf {{b}})</span>-, and <span>(mathbf {{c}})</span>-cut) were employed as the gain medium in cryogenically cooled (78–300 K), multi-watt, resonantly pumped microchip lasers operating near 2.1 <span>(upmu)</span>m. Similarly to other quasi-three-level laser media, Ho:YAP demonstrated a significant reduction in the laser threshold with decreasing temperature, alongside a simultaneous drop in effective absorption. The maximum output power was achieved at approximately 200 K. The orientation of the crystal primarily influenced the emission wavelength, while the lasers consistently exhibited linearly polarised output and fundamental-mode beam profiles. These findings confirm Ho:YAP as a versatile material for efficient laser operation in the mid-infrared region, even under cryogenic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08437-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Simultaneous spatially resolved temperature, pressure, and velocity measurements in high‑enthalpy gas environments using spectrally resolved laser‑induced fluorescence of potassium vapor","authors":"Joshua A. Vandervort,&nbsp;Spencer C. Barnes,&nbsp;Sean Clees,&nbsp;Christopher L. Strand,&nbsp;Ronald K. Hanson","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08440-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08440-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single longitudinal mode 486.1 nm wavelength laser generation from BBO-optical parametric amplifier system for ocean detection","authors":"Qihui Luo,&nbsp;Jian Ma,&nbsp;Zizheng Huang,&nbsp;Tingting Lu,&nbsp;Junxuan Zhang,&nbsp;Haoda Ma,&nbsp;Xiaolei Zhu,&nbsp;Weibiao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08449-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08449-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A single longitudinal mode (SLM) 486.1 nm blue pulsed laser was investigated by adopting a single-frequency distributed feedback laser (DFB) injected optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and optical parametric amplifier (OPA) structure, pumped by a 355 nm ultraviolet SLM laser at pulse repetition rate of 200 Hz. The maximum output pulse energy of 22.0 mJ was obtained from this injection seeded OPO/OPA system, corresponding to an energy extraction efficiency of 35.4% and a peak power of 3.73 MW. The central wavelength of output laser pulse was 486.134 nm, which was well matched to the H-β Fraunhofer line of solar spectrum, and the detected spectral linewidth was around 120 MHz.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privacy-preserving face recognition using a cryptographic end-to-end optoelectronic hybrid neural network","authors":"Yi Geng,&nbsp;Zaikun Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08442-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08442-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Privacy-preserving technology has emerged in recent years as a solution to the privacy leakage issues associated with biometric recognition. However, the task of recognizing individuals in large datasets presents formidable challenges, including high computational burden and time delays, while still ensuring privacy protection and efficiency. To tackle these challenges, we proposed a novel cryptographic end-to-end optoelectronic hybrid neural network (CE²OHNN) designed specifically for privacy-preserving face recognition. The CE²OHNN cascades a compact optical encryption (COE) system at the front-end for image encryption, and an electronic neural network (ENN) at the back-end for face recognition directly on ciphertext images. This architecture not only enables real-time inference by utilizing high-speed and parallel optical encryption instead of digital encryption, but also offers enhanced security and computational resource savings by eliminating the need for image decryption. In this work, we proposed a compact and lightweight COE system, the security of which is validated against known-plaintext attack (KPA). Through simulations with the ORL dataset, we assess the recognition accuracy of the CE²OHNN, which achieves an accuracy of 96.67%, comparable to the baseline model’s 99.17%. Furthermore, this work holds potential for extension to other applications such as recognition of de-identified attributes like age and gender.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of longitudinal alternating magnetic field on the dynamic behaviour and joint properties of laser scanning welding of T2 red copper","authors":"Lifang Mei,&nbsp;Yu Liang,&nbsp;Dongbing Yan,&nbsp;Shanming Luo,&nbsp;Zhiheng Zeng,&nbsp;Qingying Dai","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08429-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08429-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the issues of high reflectivity and poor stability in laser welding of T2 red copper, this study aimed to combine non-contact magnetic field with laser welding, proposing an alternating magnetic field-assisted laser welding technique. Furthermore, the approach combined theoretical analysis and experimental research to establish a thermal-fluid coupling numerical model and conduct experiments to explore the effect of an alternating magnetic field on the weld quality of laser scanning welding of T2 red copper. The results indicated a high consistency between numerical simulations and experimental results regarding the weld geometry. The introduction of the alternating magnetic field increased weld pool temperature, fluid flow velocity, weld pool width and depth, and keyhole depth. It also weakened the distortion degree of the keyhole wall, decreased the oscillation amplitude of the deep penetration keyhole, and improved the stability of the weld pool. When the alternating magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz and a strength of 40 mT, the temperature rise rate, weld pool width, weld pool depth, keyhole depth reached their respective maximum values of 8.438 K/ms, 1.29 mm, 1.51 mm, 0.95 mm, representing significant improvements of 3.76%, 11.21%, 7.86%, 49.6% respectively, compared without an alternating magnetic field. The variance of the keyhole depth achieved its minimum value of 0.012 m², representing significant reductions of 47.83%, compared without an alternating magnetic field. Additionally, the application of the alternating magnetic field also further suppressed metal vapor plasma eruptions, improved the weld surface morphology, refined the grain structure, and enhanced the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the weld joint. When the alternating magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz and a strength of 40 mT, the microhardness, tensile strength, and electrical conductivity reached their respective maximum values of 72.2 HV, 275 MPa, and 75.96 mS/m, representing significant enhancements of 22.37%, 58.05%, and 15.56%, respectively, compared without an alternating magnetic field. The average value and standard deviation of the metal vapor/plasma area achieved their minimum values of 1045.2 pixels and 336.23 pixels, representing significant reductions of 31.98% and 15.38%, respectively, compared without an alternating magnetic field. The introduction of the alternating magnetic field can effectively enhance the coupling efficiency of laser energy during the laser welding process of T2 red copper, optimize the weld pool dynamics, and significantly improve the welding stability and joint quality. The application of the alternating magnetic field provides a new research direction for improving the process performance of laser welding of T2 red copper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of interferometric interrogation technique used for πFBG sensors","authors":"Deepa Srivastava,&nbsp;Sudipta Sarkar Pal,&nbsp;Divya Dhawan,&nbsp;Bhargab Das","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08438-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08438-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we conduct a quantitative analysis of the interferometric-based phase-sensitive interrogation principle for πFBG sensors using numerical simulations. The path imbalance of the interferometer arms and the line-shape function of the light signal from the πFBG sensor are critical factors influencing the sensitivity and dynamic range characteristics of the interferometric interrogation principle. Our analysis reveals several unique response characteristics that will be valuable for designing and optimizing interferometric interrogation principle using πFBGs as sensing elements. The simulation results are validated through experimental studies on πFBG sensors with in-house fabricated fiber-based Mach–Zehnder interferometers, which have path length differences of 10 mm, 19.40 mm, 28.90 mm, and 37.10 mm, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the high harmonics emission from monolayer hexagonal two-dimensional solids: borophene, graphene, gallium phosphide, and boron nitride","authors":"A. M. Koushki","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08436-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08436-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the real-time time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), we theoretically investigate the influence of bandgap on the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from monolayer hexagonal two-dimensional (2D) solids: gallium phosphide (GaP), graphene, borophene (graphene-like), and boron nitride (h-BN) under a few-cycle linearly- and/or single circularly-polarized laser field. Our results show that the overall current is prominently larger in the zigzag (ZZ) direction in comparison with the armchair (AC) direction, when the laser field is polarized along the ZZ-direction. Accordingly, the high-order harmonics can be produced more efficiently along the ZZ-direction than that of the AC-direction. We exhibit that single-layer 2D materials can generate bulk-like high-order harmonics when they are driven by an in-plane polarized laser field, and atomic-like harmonics when driven by an out-of-plane polarized laser field. Our findings indicate that due to the difference in the effective mass of carriers along AC- and ZZ-directions, the high-order harmonics spectra are different in both directions. In addition, the results illustrate that the dependence of HHG intensity changes according to the polarization of the laser electric field. The bandgap significantly affects the HHG, most importantly through ultrafast modification of the interband polarization of the system. Finally, based on the present study, due to the relatively higher yield of emitted harmonics from borophene and GaP, they have outstanding potential for future utilization in extreme-ultraviolet, efficient table-top HHG sources, and as an ultrafast optical tool to provide possibilities for imaging solid structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}