Journal of Addictive Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Wearable physiological signals and relapse status during smoking cessation: a pilot study.","authors":"Irina I Shoshina, Natanael A Santos, Thiago P Fernandes, Martina Horvathova, Lisbeth Strandberg","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2680436","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2680436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking cessation is often assessed using clinical and self-report measures that may not capture autonomic changes. Wearables allow continuous monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight smokers underwent 10 days of monitoring of sleep duration, resting heart rate, and HRV. Cotinine-confirmed relapse (<i>n</i> = 15) and maintained cessation (<i>n</i> = 13) groups were compared across physiological, clinical, and wearable index measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who returned to tobacco use showed shorter sleep duration, higher resting heart rate, and lower HRV (all p-values < 0.05). The wearable index was higher in the relapse group (<i>p</i> = 0.016, <i>g</i> = 0.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wearable measures may complement clinical and self-report assessments during smoking cessation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"423-426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148228409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of AI-generated stigmatizing language regarding substance use disorders.","authors":"Vincent Kennedy, Andrew Francis","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2666688","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2666688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stigmatizing language describing substance use behaviors in clinical documentation and in patient education materials can harm patients and their families. Recent literature has discouraged the use of stigmatizing language in treatment settings and medical documentation. However, large language models (LLMs) generate output using previously generated text, including sources such as electronic health records which may include stigmatizing language. While artificial intelligence (AI) developers continue to update and create LLM products, these developers might prioritize other issues over reducing stigmatizing language surrounding substance use disorders. These diverging priorities make it possible that updated and new LLMs might not eliminate the problem of stigmatizing language in LLM output, even as researchers explore methods to reduce the impact of stigmatizing language in AI models. The potential for LLM output to include stigmatizing language warrants caution on the part of clinicians as AI developers release products intended to facilitate clinical documentation. This article identifies stigmatizing language regarding substance use disorders and explores the potential for LLM output to include stigmatizing language. The author also discusses several challenges that clinicians may face in preventing stigmatizing language from transferring from LLM output into medical records, including randomness inherent in LLM output, balancing appropriate versus inappropriate uses of potentially stigmatizing language, and the need for continued human review of medical documentation even in the face of potentially increased patient volumes. Finally, the author proposes that practicing clinicians be included in an ongoing, active process of iterative refinement of LLM output for clinical use to reduce the risk of perpetuating stigmatizing language regarding substance use disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"427-431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological and neuropsychological effects of adolescent cannabis use: a structured narrative review.","authors":"Rocco Miazzi, Clara Cestonaro, Claudio Terranova","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2734452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2734452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence represents a vulnerable developmental period during which cannabis exposure may be associated with psychological, neuropsychological, and neurobiological alterations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This structured review examines the psychological and neuropsychological effects associated with cannabis use during adolescence, focusing exclusively on human studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured narrative review was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed. Fifty-five studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescent cannabis use was frequently associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms, psychosis-spectrum experiences, and impairments in memory, attention, inhibitory control, and executive functioning. Neurobiological findings further indicate alterations in cortical maturation, reward-control connectivity, white matter integrity, and neurochemical markers in brain regions involved in cognition and emotion regulation. Although several longitudinal and neuroimaging studies support a possible contributing role of cannabis exposure, causal interpretation remains limited by confounding factors, polysubstance use, heterogeneous exposure measures, and differences in study design.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight adolescence as a vulnerable developmental period and underscore the need for prevention strategies and further longitudinal research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations for classification of methamphetamine stimulant substance use disorder and potential treatments.","authors":"Michael S Miller","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2725725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2725725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Identify considerations for classification of Methamphetamine Stimulant Substance Use Disorderand identify pharmacologic interventions to potentially mitigate these characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, observational cohort study assessed presentations of clients who self-reported MStSUD over eight years in an outpatient, community-based substance use treatment practice. Recognizing that an initial tool to assist in consideration and differentiation of those with MSTSUD was needed, DIVA 2.0 is a diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults, which is a structured clinical tool used to assess and diagnose Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults and was used to evaluate clients for simplicity's sake regarding an etiologic basis.regarding an etiologic basis. Two presentations; Category 1 (LISA) Low internal State of Arousal and Category 2 (CAAAAP) Chronic Aggressive, Agitated, Absent, Attendant presentation. Category based pharmacotherapeutic interventions, behavioral counseling and psychiatric medical management for comorbidities were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest at least two underlying etiologies predisposing to methamphetamine use and potential pharmacotherapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric morbidity and coping in caregivers of patients with substance use disorder.","authors":"Anshul Sharma, Umme Habiba, Sidharth Arya, Priti Singh","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2722119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2722119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caregivers of patients with substance use disorders often experience psychological distress, but psychiatric morbidity and coping, including religious coping, remain under-studied in Indian treatment settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess psychiatric morbidity, coping strategies, and religious coping among caregivers of patients with substance use disorders and examine whether coping partly explains the association between addiction severity and caregiver psychiatric morbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hospital based cross-sectional study included 100 caregivers of patients diagnosed with mental and behavioral Disorders due to psychoactive substance use as per International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. Addiction severity was measured using the Addiction Severity Index Lite. Caregiver psychiatric morbidity was assessed using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision Diagnostic Criteria for Research. Coping was assessed using the Ways of Coping Questionnaire and the Brief Religious Coping Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychiatric illness was present in seventy-one percent of caregivers, with moderate depressive disorder being most common (29%). Lower positive religious coping (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and higher negative religious coping (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly associated with psychiatric illness. Maladaptive coping strategies like distancing (<i>p</i> = 0.012), self-controlling (<i>p</i> = 0.009), and escape-avoidance (<i>p</i> < 0.001), correlated positively with psychiatric morbidity. In contrast, adaptive strategies such as positive reappraisal, planful problem-solving, and seeking social support were negatively associated with psychiatric illness (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). Exploratory mediation analyses suggested that coping partly explained the addiction severity morbidity association.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psychiatric illness is common among caregivers of patients with substance use. Adaptive coping and positive religious coping may offset this risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective craving and experiential responses to immersive virtual reality smoking cues: a pilot smoker-non-smoker comparison.","authors":"Armen Andreasyan, Aleksandr Khachunts, Ivan Alsina-Jurnet, Anush Tumanian, Grigori Badalyan, Narine Tadevosyan","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2727987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2727987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immersive virtual reality (VR) can present smoking cues in realistic first-person and social contexts. This pilot study examined subjective craving and experiential responses to a fixed, graded 360° VR smoking-cue sequence in current smokers and a comparison group reporting no smoking for at least six months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-one men (15 current smokers, 16 comparison participants) completed pre-exposure measures of nicotine dependence, desire to smoke, and trait anxiety. They then viewed four fixed VR stages: a neutral cafe baseline, smoking paraphernalia, other people smoking, and first-person self-smoking. After exposure, participants rated calmness/anxiety, sense of reality, general craving, and current cigarette craving, and provided open-ended responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Current smokers reported higher baseline smoking desire, trait anxiety, post-VR general craving, and current cigarette craving than the comparison group. Baseline desire was already substantially higher, and did not significantly differ from post-VR current craving within smokers (Wilcoxon <i>W</i> = 24.5, <i>p</i> = .141); the pre- and post-VR items were related but not identical. Sense of reality did not differ significantly between groups. Several pooled correlations weakened after group adjustment or restriction to smokers, and no qualitative theme remained significant after false-discovery-rate correction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sequence differentiated current smokers from the comparison group in subjective and experiential responses, but did not demonstrate a VR-induced increase in craving or validate the paradigm. Larger counterbalanced studies should include women, verified lifelong never-smokers and characterized former smokers, repeated identical craving measures, and validated presence and craving instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective cohort study of a novel short-acting opioid protocol for opioid withdrawal.","authors":"Elizabeth G Sauers, Rachel Rafeq, Matthew Salzman, David Fett","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2719586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2719586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder commonly experience undertreated withdrawal, leading to increases in patient-directed discharge and readmission. Short-acting opioids can mitigate withdrawal in patients who are unwilling to trial buprenorphine or methadone, or need additional symptom control during up-titration.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assessed the safety and efficacy of a short-acting opioid protocol for opioid withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on hospitalized patients with opioid use disorder who received a short-acting opioid protocol for withdrawal with intravenous hydromorphone or oral oxycodone. The primary endpoint was the incidence of severe withdrawal. Secondary endpoints included naloxone use, patient-directed discharge, and length of stay. A paired cohort was analyzed where patients' hospital outcomes were compared pre- versus post-protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Naloxone use after protocol initiation was 0% and severe withdrawal occurred in one patient (1%). The patient-directed discharge and 30-day readmission rates were 38% and 30%, respectively. Fifty-one percent of patients had a prior hospitalization within two years without use of the short-acting opioid protocol and were included in the paired cohort analysis. The pre- versus post-protocol patient-directed discharge rate was 47% vs. 43% (<i>p</i> = 0.774) and length of stay was 3 vs. 5 days (<i>p</i> = 0.180).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide preliminary evidence for the safety of a short-acting opioid protocol for opioid withdrawal. There was no significant difference in patient-directed discharge rate or length of stay in the paired cohort of patients' encounters with or without short-acting opioid protocol use. Larger studies are necessary to draw conclusions regarding safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal substance exposure in a digital information ecosystem: a narrative review of clinical, public health, and communication perspectives.","authors":"Aysha Jawed","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2723438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2723438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal substance exposure remains a persistent and evolving public health challenge, shaped by rising polysubstance use, increasing overdose risk during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and longstanding social and structural inequities. Concurrently, pregnant individuals are increasingly exposed to pregnancy‑related health information through social media and other digital platforms, where peer support, reassurance‑seeking, and misinformation coexist. This narrative review synthesizes interdisciplinary evidence spanning epidemiology, developmental science, clinical guidance, public health policy, child welfare, and digital health communication to examine how prenatal substance exposure is identified, understood, and addressed across clinical, community, and online contexts. This review summarizes patterns of substance use during pregnancy, including the prevalence and complexity of polysubstance exposure; reviews established and emerging risks to infants and children; and examines the growing role of digital platforms as both risk and opportunity, highlighting how online misinformation may influence risk perception, stigma, and care engagement, while also offering channels for dissemination of accurate, supportive health messaging. Across domains, the literature reveals important gaps, including limited integration of digital exposure data with clinical outcomes and inconsistent implementation of non‑stigmatizing, consent‑based care practices. Taken together, findings underscore the need for coordinated, equity‑focused strategies that align clinical practice with digital health communication, engage families and communities in content creation and dissemination, and advance longitudinal, interdisciplinary research to support ethical and effective responses to prenatal substance exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relapse vulnerability across lesch alcoholism typology: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Madhubanti Sinha, Jay Kumar Ranjan, Hari Shanker Asthana","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2713432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2026.2713432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is an emerging concern with heterogeneous symptomatology. Lesch Alcoholism Typology categorizes AUD into four subtypes, namely, AUD with positive family history, AUD with comorbid depression, AUD with comorbid anxiety and AUD with traumatic brain injury. Evidence on subtype-specific risk of return to use remains limited. This study systematically reviews and compares the risk of return to use across Lesch subtypes using network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six electronic databases were searched, and 23 studies were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the \"Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal checklist\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with AUD and comorbid anxiety (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.22-2.39), comorbid depression (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.25-1.98), and positive family history (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.08-2.57) had higher odds of the risk of return to use compared with AUD with no significant comorbidity. Risk of return to use did not differ significantly in individuals with AUD having a history of brain injury (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.68-1.84). Individuals with AUD and comorbid anxiety showed the highest risk of return to use, followed by individuals with AUD who had a positive family history and those with comorbid depression. Substantial heterogeneity was observed across studies (I² = 79.7%). Subgroup analyses identified significant variation between clinical and community studies for individuals with AUD having premorbid brain injury (<i>Q</i> = 4.35, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with AUD and comorbid anxiety, depression or positive family history are associated with a significantly higher risk of return to use. The present study emphasizes the need for subtype-specific treatment approaches to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjunctive oral naltrexone for breakthrough craving in patients receiving extended-release injectable naltrexone for alcohol use disorder: Three cases.","authors":"Gabriel Felipe Tosta, Ruan Pablo Duarte Freitas, Maria Alamir, Ajitpaul Basra, Brandon Salzman, Jared Harp, Brian S Barnett, Akhil Anand","doi":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2692669","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10550887.2026.2692669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Craving is a subjective, poorly characterized phenomenon strongly associated with return to use in alcohol use disorder and remains difficult to manage. Extended-release naltrexone is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved, evidence-based treatment, yet some patients experience brief, intense \"breakthrough\" craving despite adherence. Although expert guidance references oral naltrexone supplementation as an option during extended-release naltrexone maintenance, published peer-reviewed case descriptions documenting this clinical scenario are lacking. We describe three adults with severe alcohol use disorder receiving monthly extended-release naltrexone who reported late-cycle breakthrough craving and were offered adjunct, as-needed oral naltrexone. All patients reported subjective improvement in craving control and continued engagement in treatment. These cases highlight a clinically observed pattern of late-cycle breakthrough craving that warrants prospective evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47493,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Addictive Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}