Annual Review of Applied Linguistics最新文献

{"title":"Early-career scholars and scholarship: A social justice perspective","authors":"Pejman Habibie","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000192","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper focuses on the concept of social (in)justice to examine and discuss some of the areas in the production and dissemination of knowledge in which the issue of social justice is significant and should be applied and considered. More specifically, it explores and advocates for some of the ways in which participation in, and contribution to, global scholarship can become a more socially just practice for academics, especially novice scholars and early-career researchers in the field of Applied Linguistics. It also highlights the role and agentive engagement of both established and junior members of academic communities as an important factor in demonopolizing and democratizing academic discourses and practices and making the mobilization of scholarship more diverse, inclusive, multivocal, and transformative.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"42 1","pages":"55 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48731443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accenting racism in labour migration","authors":"Vijay A. Ramjattan","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000143","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper concerns how speech accent accents or reinforces racism in the context of labour migration to the English-speaking Global North. It specifically outlines three functions of accent in racial capitalist systems that require the labour of migrants and their acceptance of their “linguistic deficiencies.” First, accent functions as a labour control mechanism that pushes racially minoritised migrants into low-paying work. Second, as evidenced by the language training of transnational call centre workers, accent also reinforces colonial relations between migrant workers and customers. Last, by acting as a credential that can be purchased for professional success, accent distracts from the institutional racism that truly hinders migrants’ employment opportunities. The piece concludes with some thoughts on how combatting racism in labour migration requires another type of accenting.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"42 1","pages":"87 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translenguaje en la villa inmigrante: Creating our path to existence","authors":"Obed Arango","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000180","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this essay, I reflect on how translanguaging in the immigrant community emerges as a form of social resistance that results in the creation of counter-spaces and counter-narratives. Likewise, I draw on the concepts of dialogical education of Brazilian educator Paulo Freire and the perspective of Critical Race Theory and on how the social and cultural capital of immigrant communities plays an important role in overcoming environments that are averse to their presence. I contend that it is from “not existing” in a social system that the immigrant community is capable of opening spaces to exist and to lead new generations to project new forms of social identity, which are reflected in new linguistic, poetic, artistic expressions and new ways of social organization. In developing this concept, I address the case of the people of the town of Marshall in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the RevArte collaborative of which I am founder and director.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"42 1","pages":"11 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42050181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing historical trauma and healing in Indigenous language cultivation and revitalization","authors":"James McKenzie","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000167","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper demonstrates that historical trauma, healing, and wellbeing require attention in Indigenous language cultivation and revitalization. While historical trauma affects Indigenous peoples across the spectrum of language knowledge and use, little is written about the ways it can be addressed in the teaching, learning, and development—the cultivation—of Indigenous languages. For Indigenous language educators, how we address historical trauma in our language cultivation may be one of the most critical factors affecting our potential to cultivate the wellness we seek, and new generations of speakers of our languages. Drawing on a Diné (Navajo) lens and voices from other Indigenous communities, this article focuses on historical trauma, healing, and wellbeing as important considerations in Indigenous language cultivation and revitalization, to which applied linguists, Indigenous peoples, and others interested in Indigenous language revitalization and Indigenous wellbeing should pay attention. It argues that many of the most appropriate approaches can and will come from within our own Indigenous ways of knowing and healing, and that sharing more work of this kind can strengthen cultivation and revitalization efforts. It provides recommendations for applied linguistics and allied fields, educational, governmental and other resource holders, and Indigenous communities, programs, language cultivators and revitalizers.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"42 1","pages":"71 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41368877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stages of Acquisition and the P/E Model of Working Memory: Complementary or contrasting approaches to foreign language aptitude?","authors":"Z. Wen, P. Skehan","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores the roles of both working memory (WM) and more traditional aptitude components, such as input processing and language analytic ability in the context of foreign language learning aptitude. More specifically, the paper compares two current perspectives on language aptitude: the Stages Approach (Skehan, 2016, 2019) and the P/E Model (Wen, 2016, 2019). Input processing and noticing, pattern identification and complexification, and feedback are examined as they relate to both perspectives and are then used to discuss existing aptitude testing, recent research, and broader theoretical issues. It is argued that WM and language aptitude play different but complementary roles at each of these stages, reflecting the various linguistic and psycholinguistic processes that are most prominent in other aspects of language learning. Overall, though both perspectives posit that WM and language aptitude have equal importance at the input processing stage, they exert greater influence at each of the remaining stages. More traditional views of aptitude dominate at the pattern identification and complexification stage and WM with the feedback stage.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"6 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0267190521000015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47867802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working memory as a factor mediating explicit and implicit knowledge of English grammar","authors":"M. Pawlak, A. Biedroń","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000052","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper reports the findings of a study that investigated the relationship between phonological short-term memory (PSTM), working memory capacity (WMC), and the level of mastery of L2 grammar. Grammatical mastery was operationalized as the ability to produce and comprehend English passive voice with reference to explicit and implicit (or highly automatized) knowledge. Correlational analysis showed that PSTM was related to implicit productive knowledge while WMC was linked to explicit productive knowledge. However, regression analysis showed that those relationships were weak and mediated by overall mastery of target language grammar, operationalized as final grades in a grammar course.","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"118 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0267190521000052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48534950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Methodology of the Research on Language Aptitude: A Systematic Review — ERRATUM","authors":"Shaofeng Li, Huijun Zhao","doi":"10.1017/s0267190521000064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190521000064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"126 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0267190521000064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47515756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APL volume 41 Cover and Back matter","authors":"Alison Mackey","doi":"10.1017/S026719052100009X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S026719052100009X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"b1 - b2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S026719052100009X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41780918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APL volume 41 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s0267190521000088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190521000088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"f1 - f2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0267190521000088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41434984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language aptitude: Multiple perspectives","authors":"C. Doughty, Alison Mackey","doi":"10.1017/S0267190521000076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190521000076","url":null,"abstract":"Aptitude is one of the most important, intriguing, messy, and often controversial topics in second language research. Though the field agrees that aptitude is among the myriad of individual differences learners bring with them to the metaphorical language learning “table,” the agreement often stops there. Doughty (2019) details some unresolved debates over questions like whether aptitude is a stable characteristic over the lifespan or if it evolves (or if it can even be trained!), whether aptitude provides a blueprint for how much and how quickly a learner can become proficient in a new language (and, by extension, whether aptitude constitutes a language learning “ceiling”), and whether the constituent components of aptitude exert themselves differentially in the language learning process at various maturational and proficiency stages—just to name a few. The articles in this 2021 issue of ARAL contribute to this ongoing debate and drive forward understanding, as well as raise new questions in aptitude inquiry by examining the impact of aptitude from theoretical, empirical, metanalytic and review perspectives. The first paper in the current volume, by Wen and Skehan, is entitled “Stages of Acquisition and the P/E Model of Working Memory: Complementary or contrasting approaches to foreign language aptitude?” This article probes and synthesizes the authors’ two current theoretical models of aptitude, exploring the roles of working memory (WM), input processing, and language analytic ability in the context of second language learning aptitude. Their perspectives on language aptitude (LA) are explained and compared. These are the Stages Approach, put forward by Skehan (2016, 2019), and the P/E Model described by Wen (2016, 2019). The authors discuss their models in the context of WM and LA, describing input processing, noticing, pattern identification, complexification, and feedback. While the authors concur that both working memory and language aptitude are of equal importance in input processing, their models diverge in other aspects, for example, in pattern identification. Other scholars—ourselves included—see working memory as a component of aptitude. For more views on theoretically oriented approaches, we recommend the reader also see Doughty (2019), Granena (2020), Jackson (2020), Robinson (2005), Robinson et al. (2012), Sáfár and Kormos (2008), Sparks et al. (2011), and Wen et al. (2019). The following article by Li and Zhao, moves from theory to methods. “The methodology of the research on language aptitude: A systematic review,” is a synthesis of methods utilized in current studies on the role of aptitude in second language acquisition research. Sixty-five studies were included, based on literature searches, and three metaanalyses by the first author (Li, 2015, 2016, 2017). The authors classify aptitude research into three categories: (a) the role of aptitude in naturalistic learning, (b) the association of aptitude with instructed learning, ","PeriodicalId":47490,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Applied Linguistics","volume":"41 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0267190521000076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46520393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}