Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"Turkish Adaptation of Dissociative Subtype of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale.","authors":"Zühre Neslihan İçin,&nbsp;Çiğdem Koşe,&nbsp;Vedat Şar","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195396","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After the changes in DSM-5, dissociative subtype was added to post-traumatic stress disorder. That caused a necessity for a scale to measure the mentioned change. A scale named Dissociative Subtype of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (DSPS) was developed to measure this subtype and help the diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to adapt the Dissociative Subtype of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder to Turkish and examine its reliability and validity. The Dissociative Subtype of PTSD (DSPS) was translated into Turkish. DSPS, Turkish forms of The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and Dissociative Experiences Scale were sent to participants via Google Forms and data from 279 people aged 18-45 were analyzed. Reliability tests and factor analysis were conducted. Factor analysis showed that scale has good model fit scores and items were loaded to the factors the same as the original study. Scales internal consistency was examined, and a good score was obtained (α=.84). Fit index values of confirmatory factor analysis were found as χ2/df = 2.51, GFI=.90, RMSEA=.07, RMR=.02. As a result of the high reliability scores and sufficient model fit scores, this scale is considered as a dependable measure to evaluate the dissociative subtype of PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"624-639"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9913554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strange-face-in-the-mirror illusions: specific effects on derealization, depersonalization, and dissociative identity.","authors":"Giovanni B Caputo","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195394","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anomalous strange-face illusions (SFIs) are produced when mirror gazing under a low level of face illumination. In contrast to past studies in which an observer's task was to pay attention to the reflected face and to perceive potential facial changes, the present research used a mirror gazing task (MGT) that instructed participants to fixate their gaze on a 4-mm hole in a glass mirror. The participants' eye-blink rates were thus measured without priming any facial changes. Twenty-one healthy young individuals participated in the MGT and a control panel-fixation task (staring at a hole in a gray non-reflective panel). The Revised Strange-Face Questionnaire (SFQ-R) indexed derealization (deformations of facial features; FD), depersonalization (bodily face detachment; BD), and dissociative identity (new or unknown identities; DI) scales. Mirror-fixation increased FD, BD, and DI scores compared to panel-fixation. In mirror-fixation, FD scores revealed fading specific to facial features, distinct from \"classical\" Troxler- and Brewster-fading. In mirror-fixation, eye-blink rates correlated negatively with FD scores. Panel-fixation produced low BD scores, and, in a few participants, face pareidolias as detected on FD scores. Females were more prone to early derealization and males to compartmentalization of a dissociative identity. SFQ-R may be a valuable instrument for measuring face-specific dissociation (FD, BD, DI) produced by MGT. Use of MGT and panel-fixation task for differential diagnoses between schizophrenia and dissociative identity disorder is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"575-608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition, Attentional Control and Binding Abilities in Relation to Dissociative Symptoms Among PTSD Patients.","authors":"A Vancappel,&nbsp;C Raysseguier,&nbsp;C Révellière,&nbsp;T Penverne,&nbsp;R Fernandes,&nbsp;W El-Hage","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195397","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between dissociation and cognitive abilities remains controversial. Empirical studies have reported positive, negative and non-existent associations between dissociation and cognition. These inconsistent results may be due to the fact that the studies focused mainly on trait dissociation, while dissociation is not stable but transient. After validating the French version of the Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between state dissociation and cognitive abilities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We recruited 83 patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and assessed them twice. At T1, they performed a neutral Stroop task and a neutral binding task. At T2 (one to three weeks later), after a script-driven dissociative induction, they performed an emotional Stroop task and an emotional binding task. Between the two sessions, they completed questionnaires at home evaluating PTSD severity, trait dissociation and cognitive difficulties. State dissociation was assessed at T1 and T2 using the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found good psychometric properties of the French version of the CADSS. After inducing dissociation, significantly lower attentional performance was found among patients with than without dissociative reactions. We found a significant positive correlation between state dissociation and increased attention and memory difficulties after induction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The French version of the CADSS is a reliable and valid tool to assess state dissociation, which is correlated with attentional difficulties. Attentional training is recommended to help patients control dissociative symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"609-623"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9913555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation-Induced Shame in Those with a Dissociative Disorder: Assessing the Impact of Relationship context using Vignettes.","authors":"Martin J Dorahy,&nbsp;Kumar Yogeeswaran,&nbsp;Warwick Middleton","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195402","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some evidence in non-clinical groups suggests that the relationship context in which dissociation is experienced might moderate its association with shame. The current study used vignettes detailing either dissociative symptoms or the expression of sadness occurring in three different relationship contexts: with a friend, an acquaintance, or when alone. Ratings of emotional (e.g. shame, anxiety) and behavioral (e.g. leave, talk) reactions were made on single-item measures, and shame feelings were further assessed with the State Shame Scale. Participants were in treatment for either dissociative identity disorder (<i>n</i> = 31) or other specified dissociative disorder (<i>n</i> = 3; <i>N</i> = 34). Feelings of shame were elevated in the acquaintance condition compared to when with a close friend or alone regardless of whether dissociation or sadness was experienced. In the acquaintance context, participants exposed to dissociation or sadness reported feeling annoyed at themselves, having a greater desire to leave, and a lesser desire to talk compared to when these experiences happened with a close friend or alone. Results suggest those with a dissociative disorder appraise themselves as more vulnerable to shame if experiencing dissociation or sadness when with an acquaintance, potentially because the risk of not being understood and rejected is heightened.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"674-691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9913553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Exploration of Institutional Betrayals in Rural Communities: An Emerging Typology.","authors":"Sherry Hamby,&nbsp;Geoffrey Hervey,&nbsp;Jenna Land,&nbsp;Katie Schultz","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195401","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore individuals' personal narratives of perceived betrayals and injustices committed by institutions, their representatives, or other authority figures and discern in what spheres of life they commonly manifest. 157 adults from largely rural, low-income communities in southern Appalachia participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews that asked them to describe key points in their life experiences, including high points, low points, and turning points. These were reviewed for episodes of institutional betrayals. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a grounded thematic analysis. Participants mentioned numerous instances of betrayals that occurred from interactions with institutions or their representatives. These were grouped into four categories: professional betrayals involving mistreatment from an employer, health care provider, or other authority figure; professional-organizational betrayals where a professional perpetrator was able to get support from a problematic organizational culture; corporate malfeasance involving misdeeds by business entities; and systemic injustices involving the sociopolitical architecture of society. The findings identified a range of institutional betrayal experiences that were unnecessary, unwanted, intentional, and harmful. They could be distinguished by the type of perpetrators and often led to notable harms, including unwanted system involvement and unemployment. Although participants seldom explicitly mentioned the rural setting in their descriptions of institutional betrayal, it is likely that limited options for health care providers, schools, and other institutions exacerbated some harms. Institutional betrayals need to be considered in people's <i>trauma dosage</i>, their cumulative lifetime burden of trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"655-673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10273650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Live Long and Prosper, <i>Journal of Trauma & Dissociation</i>.","authors":"Jennifer J Freyd","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2235541","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2235541","url":null,"abstract":"I first became Editor of the Journal of Trauma & Dissociation (JTD) with Volume 7, published in 2006. Due to the lag inherent in publication schedules, I began working as editor of JTD beginning during the calendar year 2005. I recently went back and read my first JTD editorial (“Long Live the Journal of Trauma & Dissociation:” Freyd, 2006), drafted in the fall of 2005 and published in the first issue of 2006. I opened that first editorial with this paragraph:","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"555-558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10296228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Healthcare Providers Reconcile Bad Things Happening to Good Patients: The Role of Just World Beliefs in Attitudes toward Trauma-Informed Care.","authors":"Candice N Selwyn,&nbsp;Emma C Lathan,&nbsp;Terrie Platt,&nbsp;Leigh Minchew","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195404","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2195404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite prevalent trauma exposure among patients seeking health care, as well as widespread frameworks for enacting trauma-informed care, the uptake of trauma-informed practices such as trauma screening and referral among health-care providers remains relatively low. The current study sought to assess the roles of health-care providers' personal histories of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and personal beliefs in the just-world hypothesis in understanding their attitudes toward trauma-informed care. Advanced practice graduate nursing students (<i>N</i> = 180; <i>M</i> age = 34.6 years) completed a self-reported survey assessing their personal history of ACEs, global belief in a just world, and attitudes related to trauma-informed care. Results indicated the relation between providers' ACEs and attitudes toward trauma-informed care was fully mediated by their beliefs in a just world, such that providers reporting higher ACEs scores also report greater endorsement of attitudes consistent with trauma-informed care due to less belief in a just world. Implications for both health-care providers' themselves and cultural shifts necessary for provision of trauma-informed health care are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"640-654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9916742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral injury appraisals and dissociation: Associations in a sample of trauma-exposed community members.","authors":"Emma C Lathan, Ifrah S Sheikh, Alfonsina Guelfo, Khaled C Choucair, Travis Fulton, Jacob Julian, Yara Mekawi, Joseph M Currier, Abigail Powers, Negar Fani","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231010","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2231010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Appraisal of trauma is a critical factor in the development of impairing post-traumatic stress symptoms, such as dissociation. Individuals may appraise trauma as morally injurious (i.e., moral injury exposure [MIE]) and experience subsequent moral distress related to this exposure (i.e., moral injury distress [MID]). To date, however, investigation into the relations between moral injury appraisals and dissociation has been limited, particularly within community populations. This study investigated MIE and MID in relation to six facets of dissociation (disengagement, depersonalization, derealization, memory disturbances, emotional constriction, identity dissociation) in a sample of trauma-exposed community members (<i>n</i> = 177, 58.2% Black, 89.3% female) recruited from a public hospital and/or community advertisements. Participants completed measures assessing trauma exposure, MIE, MID, dissociation, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Partial correlation analyses revealed that after controlling for PTSD symptoms, MIE was correlated with disengagement, <i>r</i> = .23, <i>p</i> ≤ .025, and depersonalization, <i>r</i> = .25, <i>p</i> ≤ .001, and MID was correlated with depersonalization, <i>r</i> = .19, <i>p</i> ≤ .025. Sex moderated each association, with stronger associations observed for female participants. Findings suggest that moral injury appraisals are linked to more severe dissociative symptoms among female civilians, and as such, may need to be specifically targeted in empirically supported treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 5","pages":"692-711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10771817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9920481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Straight Talking Introduction to the Causes of Mental Health Problems (2nd Ed.)","authors":"C. D. Brown","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2234535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2023.2234535","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 1","pages":"713 - 714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45400748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation Made Simple: A Stigma-free Guide to Embracing your Dissociative Mind and Navigating Daily Life","authors":"K. Weiner","doi":"10.1080/15299732.2023.2234531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2023.2234531","url":null,"abstract":"Dissociation Made Simple, the title of the new book by Jamie Marich, is also the first paradox she presents to the reader because, of course, dissociation is anything but simple. She uses dialectics, a therapeutic approach that balances opposing ideas, throughout the book to help readers understand the complexity of dissociation while making it totally accessible. Her mastery of dialectics to help the reader deal with difficult and important theories is incomparable. Her writing style is engaging and accessible. The first thing Marich wants everyone to know is that “dissociation” is not a dirty word. The psychological process is a healthy, normal adaptation to an unhealthy, abnormal situation. Once learned, this can be used in the most simple of ways to escape even mildly boring situations. It is not the condition itself, but the manner in which it can be used, that makes it problematic or not. One of the strengths of Dissociation Made Simple is Marich’s emphasis on destigmatizing dissociation encouraging readers to approach dissociative experiences with curiosity and compassion rather than judgment. Marich covers a wide range of topics related to dissociation, including the different types of dissociation, the relationship between dissociation and trauma, and the role of mindfulness and other grounding techniques in managing dissociative symptoms. She also provides practical tips and exercises for individuals experiencing dissociation and for therapists working with dissociative clients. Throughout the book, she provides readers with tools for keeping themselves as safe as possible while reading things that might be triggering. The entire book is a dance with dialectics. There is scientific support as well as individual report. The reporters are about as diverse as one sees in such a book, ranging from a white male therapist to an Asian Shaman and Indigenous healers. This blending is a challenge and a gift to one’s mind. Overall, Dissociation Made Simple is an insightful and compassionate resource that promotes understanding and healing. Marich’s ability to write about dialectics and her emphasis on destigmatizing dissociation make this book stand out as an exceptional resource for anyone seeking to better understand dissociation and its impact on people and society.","PeriodicalId":47476,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"24 1","pages":"712 - 712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44790678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}