Language and Linguistics Compass最新文献_第9页

Remote sociophonetic data collection: Vowels and nasalization from self-recordings on personal devices 远程社会语音学数据收集:个人设备上自录的元音和鼻音

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12435

Valerie Freeman, Paul De Decker

{"title":"Remote sociophonetic data collection: Vowels and nasalization from self-recordings on personal devices","authors":"Valerie Freeman, Paul De Decker","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12435","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lnc3.12435","url":null,"abstract":"When the COVID-19 pandemic halted in-person data collection, many linguists adopted modern technologies to replace traditional methods, including speaker-led options in which participants record themselves using their own personal computers or smartphones and then email or upload the sound files to online storage sites for researchers to retrieve later. This study evaluated the suitability of such ‘home-made’ recordings for phonetic analysis of vowel space configurations, mergers, and nasalization by comparing simultaneous recordings from several popular personal devices (Macbook, PC laptop, iPad, iPhone and Android smartphone) to those taken from professional equipment (H4n field recorder, Focusrite with Audio Technica 2021 microphone). All personal devices conveyed vowel arrangements and nasalization patterns relatively faithfully (especially laptops), but absolute measurements varied, particularly for the female speaker and in the 750–1500 Hz range, which affected the locations (F1 × F2) of low and back vowels and reduced nasalization measurements (A1−P0) for the female's pre-nasal vowels. Based on these results, we assess the validity of remote recording using these consumer devices and offer recommendations for best practices for collecting high fidelity acoustic phonetic data from a distance.","PeriodicalId":47472,"journal":{"name":"Language and Linguistics Compass","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lnc3.12435","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41543399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Teaching and Learning Guide for: Australian Aboriginal English: Linguistic and Sociolinguistic Perspectives 澳洲原住民英语教学指南:语言学与社会语言学视角

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12431

Celeste Rodríguez Louro, Glenys Collard

引用次数: 1

Why do readers fail to notice word transpositions, omissions, and repetitions? A review of recent evidence and theory 为什么读者没有注意到单词的调换、省略和重复?对最近证据和理论的回顾

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12434

Kuan-Jung Huang, Adrian Staub

{"title":"Why do readers fail to notice word transpositions, omissions, and repetitions? A review of recent evidence and theory","authors":"Kuan-Jung Huang, Adrian Staub","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12434","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lnc3.12434","url":null,"abstract":"Most readers have had the experience of initially failing to notice an omission or repetition of a function word, or a transposition of two adjacent words. In the present article, we review recent research investigating this phenomenon. We emphasize that failure to notice such errors is of substantial theoretical interest, given what we have learned about how systematically and incrementally readers inspect and process text. We endorse the idea that a process of rational inference may play a critical role, while we cast doubt on the idea that failure to notice errors arises from parallel processing of multiple words. We review a number of recent studies from our own laboratory that have investigated the relationship between eye movements during reading and noticing, or failing to notice, an error. While the conclusions from these studies are broadly consistent with a rational inference account, we find that when readers fail to notice an error, their eye movements generally show no indication that the error was registered at all. On its surface, this finding may be viewed as inconsistent with the idea that the rational inference process that enables readers to overlook errors is genuinely post-perceptual. We suggest a mechanism by which eye movement control models could account for this finding.","PeriodicalId":47472,"journal":{"name":"Language and Linguistics Compass","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lnc3.12434","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122587664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Sentence comprehension in ageing and Alzheimer's disease 老年句理解与阿尔茨海默病

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12430

Willem van Boxtel, Laurel Lawyer

{"title":"Sentence comprehension in ageing and Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Willem van Boxtel, Laurel Lawyer","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12430","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lnc3.12430","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to correctly interpret complex syntax and long sentences is gradually impaired as people age. Typical ageing is characterised by working memory deficits, which are thought to play an important role in determining whether syntax can be comprehended correctly, and neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are thought to exacerbate these limitations. Furthermore, declines in processing speed appear to cause increasing difficulty in the proper allocation of cognitive resources necessary for sentence processing. Typically ageing adults may compensate for these deficits successfully when interpreting sentences using semantics or intact cognitive functions, but AD patients may exhibit deficits too severe for this to occur. The causes of syntax comprehension deficits in Alzheimer's are still contested, and may consist of language-specific impairments or deficits in general cognition impacting linguistic behaviour. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the main markers of cognitive ageing and AD in the domain of sentence comprehension, as well as discuss potential underlying factors that may affect sentence comprehension in older speakers and Alzheimer's patients.","PeriodicalId":47472,"journal":{"name":"Language and Linguistics Compass","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lnc3.12430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120834646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Linguistic issues behind visual question answering 视觉问答背后的语言问题

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12417

Raffaella Bernardi, Sandro Pezzelle

{"title":"Linguistic issues behind visual question answering","authors":"Raffaella Bernardi, Sandro Pezzelle","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12417","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lnc3.12417","url":null,"abstract":"Answering a question that is grounded in an image is a crucial ability that requires understanding the question, the visual context, and their interaction at many linguistic levels: among others, semantics, syntax and pragmatics. As such, visually-grounded questions have long been of interest to theoretical linguists and cognitive scientists. Moreover, they have inspired the first attempts to computationally model natural language understanding, where pioneering systems were faced with the highly challenging task—still unsolved—of jointly dealing with syntax, semantics and inference whilst understanding a visual context. Boosted by impressive advancements in machine learning, the task of answering visually-grounded questions has experienced a renewed interest in recent years, to the point of becoming a research sub-field at the intersection of computational linguistics and computer vision. In this paper, we review current approaches to the problem which encompass the development of datasets, models and frameworks. We conduct our investigation from the perspective of the theoretical linguists; we extract from pioneering computational linguistic work a list of desiderata that we use to review current computational achievements. We acknowledge that impressive progress has been made to reconcile the engineering with the theoretical view. At the same time, we claim that further research is needed to get to a unified approach which jointly encompasses all the underlying linguistic problems. We conclude the paper by sharing our own desiderata for the future.","PeriodicalId":47472,"journal":{"name":"Language and Linguistics Compass","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lnc3.12417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39149541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

On the scope and nature of Maximise Presupposition 论最大化预设的范围和性质

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12416

Nadine Bade

引用次数: 0

Language classification, language contact and Andean prehistory: The North 语言分类、语言接触与安第斯史前史:北方

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12414

Matthias Urban

{"title":"Language classification, language contact and Andean prehistory: The North","authors":"Matthias Urban","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12414","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lnc3.12414","url":null,"abstract":"The northern half of the Andes—from Venezuela to Northern Peru—has seen dramatic losses of language diversity since the 16th century. Even so, the region's linguistic fabric is complex and multifaceted, and the impression of relatively low levels of diversity vis-à-vis Amazonia is to a perhaps considerable extent the result of different post-conquest trajectories rather than a reflection of pre-existing differences. As in Amazonia, branches of widespread families—Chibchan, Quechuan, but also far western outliers of Cariban—coexist with more local language families—principally Barbacoan and Chocoan—as well as a multitude of isolates, in particular on the eastern lowland-facing slopes of the Andes. Recent and ongoing projects of language documentation and description, as well as reconstitution of colonial sources, are contributing to profiling the linguistic diversity more sharply and more securely. Even at the present state of research, it is patent that the patchwork of languages of the Northern Andes, where evidence is available, evinces strong hallmarks of micro- and meso-level language contact, leading to the emergence of distinctive profiles on regional levels that call into question the idea of a reified ‘Andean’ language type. Furthermore, there is a striking signal of spatially structured typological variation throughout the Andes that is in need of explanation and interdisciplinary contextualization. This article surveys the state of the art on language classification and language contact studies for the Northern Andes, and also discusses how they may inform an interdisciplinary prehistory.","PeriodicalId":47472,"journal":{"name":"Language and Linguistics Compass","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lnc3.12414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123558698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Australian Aboriginal English: Linguistic and sociolinguistic perspectives 澳大利亚土著英语:语言学和社会语言学的观点

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-05-11 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12415

Celeste R. Louro, Glenys Collard

引用次数: 5

Mind wandering during reading: An interdisciplinary and integrative review of psychological, computing, and intervention research and theory 阅读时走神:心理学、计算机和干预研究与理论的跨学科综合综述

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12412

Sidney K. D'Mello, Caitlin S. Mills

{"title":"Mind wandering during reading: An interdisciplinary and integrative review of psychological, computing, and intervention research and theory","authors":"Sidney K. D'Mello, Caitlin S. Mills","doi":"10.1111/lnc3.12412","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lnc3.12412","url":null,"abstract":"A large proportion of thoughts are internally generated. Of these, mind wandering—when attention shifts away from the current activity to an internal stream of thought—is frequent during reading and is negatively related to comprehension outcomes. Our goal is to review research on mind wandering during reading with an interdisciplinary and integrative lens that spans the cognitive, behavioural, computing and intervention sciences. We begin with theoretical developments on mind wandering, both in general and in the context of reading. Next, we discuss psychological research on how the text, context and reader interact to influence mind wandering and on associations between mind wandering and reading outcomes. We integrate the findings in a (working) theoretical account of mind wandering during reading. We then turn to computational models of mind wandering, including a short tutorial with examples on how to use machine learning to construct these models. Finally, we discuss emerging intervention research aimed at proactively reducing the occurrence of mind wandering or mitigating its effects. We conclude with open questions and directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":47472,"journal":{"name":"Language and Linguistics Compass","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lnc3.12412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126930240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Teaching & Learning Guide for: The neurocognitive basis of skilled reading in prelingually and profoundly deaf adults 语言前和深度聋成人熟练阅读的神经认知基础教学指南

IF 2.5

Language and Linguistics Compass Pub Date : 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12410

Karen Emmorey, Brittany Lee

引用次数: 0