{"title":"Engaging Youth in Blood Donation: A Call for Ethical Public Health Strategies.","authors":"Yusrita Zolkefli","doi":"10.21315/mjms-06-2025-453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-06-2025-453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 5","pages":"191-193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethical Principles in Medical Error Disclosure: From Harm to Healing in Clinical Practice.","authors":"Yusrita Zolkefli","doi":"10.21315/mjms-06-2025-493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-06-2025-493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The disclosure of medical errors constitutes a critical element of patient-centred care, one that is both ethically complex and indispensable. This paper explores how the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice provide an ethical foundation for transparent communication, while also confronting challenges such as paternalism and systemic inequities that disproportionately affect marginalised communities. Institutional frameworks, such as the Communication and Optimal Resolution (CANDOR) process, are presented as mechanisms for advancing accountability, learning, and transparency. The discussion reinforces the need for ethical training, protective policies, psychological support for clinicians, and multidisciplinary collaboration. It further asserts that disclosure is a shared ethical responsibility, one that cultivates trust, promotes fairness, and contributes to the continuous improvement of safer and more equitable healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 5","pages":"175-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Picholas Kian Ann Phoa, Jonathan Wiguna Halim, Yin How Wong, Charles Sharma Naidu, John Ing Kieng Hii, Faisal Athar Mohd Fadzil, Nurlaili Mohd Azizi, Lei Hum Wee
{"title":"Content and Face Validation of Educational Infographics for Electronic Cigarette Cessation Among Malaysian Youth.","authors":"Picholas Kian Ann Phoa, Jonathan Wiguna Halim, Yin How Wong, Charles Sharma Naidu, John Ing Kieng Hii, Faisal Athar Mohd Fadzil, Nurlaili Mohd Azizi, Lei Hum Wee","doi":"10.21315/mjms-04-2025-243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-04-2025-243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Malaysian youths highlights the inadequacy of current health education initiatives in addressing cessation challenges. This study aims to evaluate the content and face validity of educational infographics to support e-cigarette cessation among youth e-cigarette users in Malaysia. This study employed a cross-sectional study design and involved experts and youth e-cigarette users. Upon the development, 17 experts specialising in smoking or e-cigarette cessation, with a mean age of 39.10 years and a mean years of experience of 12.24 years, were recruited for content validation. Meanwhile, for the face validation, 10 Malaysian youth e-cigarette users, with a mean age of 24.00, were purposively selected to assess the clarity of the infographics and provide feedback. Content validity indices (CVI) and face validity indices (FVI) were calculated for each topic, with thresholds of > 0.74 and 0.83 indicating acceptable content. The infographics demonstrated strong content and face validity, with average CVI of 0.98 (range: 0.94, 1.00; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.00) and average FVI of 0.96 (range: 0.70, 1.00; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.00), respectively. The infographics can be utilised to promote e-cigarette cessation after the trial and implementation phase, to assess their real-world effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 5","pages":"180-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur Ain Azman, Nur Syahmina Rasudin, Rohani Ismail, Noraini Abdul Ghafar, Shamarina Shohaimi, Nor Shafrin Ahmad, Norsiah Abdul Hamid
{"title":"Validation of the Bahasa Malaysia Version of the General Attitudes Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale Among Academicians.","authors":"Nur Ain Azman, Nur Syahmina Rasudin, Rohani Ismail, Noraini Abdul Ghafar, Shamarina Shohaimi, Nor Shafrin Ahmad, Norsiah Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.21315/mjms-05-2025-336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-05-2025-336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) within academic settings has prompted increased scholarly attention to understanding how academicians perceive its impact. Although the General Attitudes Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS) is a widely recognised instrument for evaluating perceptions of AI, a formally validated version in Bahasa Malaysia has not yet been developed. This study, therefore, sought to adapt and validate the GAAIS in Bahasa Malaysia to assess attitudes toward AI among Malaysian academicians accurately.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among academicians at the Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus in Malaysia. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to evaluate the factor structure of the translated scale. Composite reliability (CR) was utilised to assess reliability, whereas convergent validity was determined by calculating the average variance extracted (AVE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final CFA model confirmed a two-factor structure, retaining 14 out of 20 original items. Factor 1 (Optimism and Benefits) comprised eight items, while Factor 2 (Risks and Ethical Concerns) consisted of six items. The model demonstrated strong fit indices (<i>χ</i> <sup>2</sup>/df = 1.616, TLI = 0.947, CFI = 0.936, RMSEA = 0.073) and high internal consistency (CR values: Factor 1 = 0.899, Factor 2 = 0.888). An AVE of 0.530 for Factor 1 and 0.573 for Factor 2 indicates the convergent validity of the scales.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The translated Bahasa Malaysia version of GAAIS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing AI attitudes in general among Malaysian academicians. Its relevance spans multiple academic fields and professional industries, contributing valuable support to ongoing research involving multilingual and multicultural populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 5","pages":"103-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ling Huey Khong, Anis Kausar Ghazali, Nik Zuraina Nik Mohd Noor, Nur Rina Alissa Razian, Anis Amiera Muhamad Alojid, Wan Alif Syazwani Wan Alias, Fauziah Ismail, Nor Reah Mustafa, Cik Siti Nuraini Abdullah, Sharizan Awang, Wan Noor Faradila Aini Mat Latif, Tuan Noorkorina Tuan Kub
{"title":"Effectiveness of Hand Washing Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Orang Asli Kids in Gua Musang, Kelantan.","authors":"Ling Huey Khong, Anis Kausar Ghazali, Nik Zuraina Nik Mohd Noor, Nur Rina Alissa Razian, Anis Amiera Muhamad Alojid, Wan Alif Syazwani Wan Alias, Fauziah Ismail, Nor Reah Mustafa, Cik Siti Nuraini Abdullah, Sharizan Awang, Wan Noor Faradila Aini Mat Latif, Tuan Noorkorina Tuan Kub","doi":"10.21315/mjms-01-2025-059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-01-2025-059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Handwashing is a crucial preventive measure against illnesses such as diarrhoea and respiratory infections, particularly in rural communities with limited access to clean water and sanitation. Orang Asli kids often experience high rates of preventable diseases due to poor handwashing practices. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of handwashing among Orang Asli kids in Gua Musang, Kelantan, and to assess the impact of a targeted handwashing education intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An interventional study was conducted among 61 Orang Asli students from Sekolah Kebangsaan Pasir Linggi, Gua Musang, Kelantan. The intervention consisted of a structured handwashing education programme, and KAP scores were measured before and after the intervention. A paired sample t-test was used to analyse the impact of the intervention on the participants' KAP scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The post-intervention scores for all KAP related questions were significantly higher than the pre-intervention scores (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Following the educational programme, there was a significant improvement in handwashing with soap, which had been poorly practised before the intervention. Year 1 students had lower baseline knowledge and attitude scores compared to older students, highlighting the need for greater focus on younger children in future programmes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The handwashing education programme effectively improved the KAP of handwashing among Orang Asli kids. However, the lower baseline KAP scores among younger students suggested that future interventions should focus more on early education to foster better hygiene practices and prevent the spread of infectious diseases in this vulnerable community.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 5","pages":"115-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanida Tian, Fatanah Ramlee, Hazalizah Hamzah, Teck Sen Ng
{"title":"Exploring Sleep and Physical Activity among Young Adults Across Asia: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Vanida Tian, Fatanah Ramlee, Hazalizah Hamzah, Teck Sen Ng","doi":"10.21315/mjms-06-2025-468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-06-2025-468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have examined the association between sleep and physical activity; however, few have systematically reviewed the studies on young adults in Asia. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically summarise the research on sleep and physical activity among young adults in Asia and critically assess the methodological quality of existing studies. The review process adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, beginning with research question formulation and systematic searches through identification, screening, and eligibility in the Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. Subsequently, the studies underwent quality appraisal, data extraction, and analysis. Thematic analysis organised the findings into three main themes: i) the prevalence of sleep quality and physical activity in Asia; ii) the association between sleep quality and physical activity; and iii) sleep quality and physical activity during the COVID-19 outbreak. These findings reveal a high prevalence of sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality among young adults in Asia, whereas the prevalence of physical activity varies. Moreover, the COVID-19 outbreak negatively affected sleep quality and physical activity. Therefore, proactive measures should be implemented to improve sleep quality and promote physical activity, thereby improving physical and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 4","pages":"106-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Organisational Changes on Teamwork in Healthcare: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Fathiah Jabir, Mohamad Izzi Zahari, Faiz Daud","doi":"10.21315/mjms-01-2025-074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-01-2025-074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare organisations have to frequently undergo significant reforms, ranging from structural reforms to operational modifications, to address evolving challenges, such as an ageing population, technological advancements, and emerging diseases. These organisational changes significantly affect teamwork in healthcare, which is a critical component for ensuring patient safety, enhancing clinical performance, and maintaining staff satisfaction. The relationship between organisational changes and teamwork is ill-defined. PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science (WOS) databases were searched for relevant literature on the impact of organisational changes on teamwork processes and outcomes in healthcare settings. Based on predefined selection criteria, 24 studies were considered suitable for inclusion; data from these studies were synthesised using thematic analysis. Three primary themes of organisational changes-organisational restructuring, operational changes, and adaptive response and capacity development-which affected team dynamics in various ways, were identified. Both planned and emergent changes produce mixed effects on teamwork; while planned changes are aimed at improving cooperation and efficiency and minimising negative impacts, they may inadvertently disrupt teamwork. In contrast, emergent changes can encourage resilience and adaptability within teams. Finally, the success of organisational changes in improving teamwork outcomes depends heavily on implementation strategies, contextual factors, and team characteristics. This review highlights the importance of employing established change management frameworks to address the complexities of organisational change. Further research, particularly from low- and middle-income countries, is essential to develop strategies and approaches for establishing effective healthcare teams in diverse settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 4","pages":"89-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M Bambang Uswatul Firdaus, Healthy Hidayanty, Aminuddin Syam, Veni Hadju, Rahayu Indrisari, Shanti Riskiyani
{"title":"Effects of Nutrition Education Based on Social Cognitive Theory on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Adolescent Girls in Tanakeke Islands, South Sulawesi.","authors":"M Bambang Uswatul Firdaus, Healthy Hidayanty, Aminuddin Syam, Veni Hadju, Rahayu Indrisari, Shanti Riskiyani","doi":"10.21315/mjms-01-2025-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-01-2025-014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indonesia, as an archipelagic country with a vast population, faces persistent challenges of undernutrition, particularly among adolescent girls, which impedes progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One key issue is inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (FV). This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nutrition education (NE) based on the social cognitive theory (SCT) in improving FV consumption among undernourished adolescent girls in the Tanakeke Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study through anthropometric and dietary assessments was conducted across four schools. The 12-week NE programme included role-playing exercises, educational modules for students, and monthly parental education sessions. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28, applying chi-square tests, independent <i>t</i>-tests, and paired <i>t</i>-tests, and analysis was conducted using repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 88 adolescent girls completed the study. Results showed significant improvements in the intervention group's knowledge, outcome expectations, self-regulation, and FV consumption (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, no significant change was observed in self-efficacy (<i>P</i> = 0.749).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research shows NE based on SCT, combined with parental involvement, effectively increases FV consumption among undernourished adolescent girls in remote, low-resource areas to improve adolescent nutrition. The lack of improvement in self-efficacy highlights the need for programme refinement to address this construct explicitly.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 4","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of Sandals Combined with Physical Therapy Versus Physical Therapy Alone on Pain and Function in Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Thanwarat Lunsarn, Torkamol Hunsawong, Kanok-On Thanasootr, Raoyrin Chanavirut, Uraiwan Chatchawan, Yodchai Boonprakop","doi":"10.21315/mjms-01-2025-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-01-2025-018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent evidence suggests that appropriate footwear can facilitate recovery in individuals with plantar fasciitis. This study evaluated the effectiveness of combining arch-supportive, shock-absorbing flip-flop sandals with physical therapy (PT) compared to PT alone in treating plantar fasciitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-six participants aged 20-60 years with normal body mass index and plantar fasciitis (median symptom duration = 6 months) were randomised into either an intervention group (<i>n</i> = 33; PT plus sandals) or a control group (<i>n</i> = 33; PT alone). Both groups received eight weeks of PT and home exercises. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, four weeks, and eight weeks and included pain-related parameters, pressure pain threshold, the Foot Function Index, and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale. The global rating of change was evaluated at weeks four and eight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups demonstrated significant improvements across all outcome measures (<i>P</i> < 0.001). A significant time × group interaction was observed for first-step post-inactivity pain (<i>F</i> = 3.238, <i>P</i> = 0.042), with the intervention group showing greater improvement (mean reduction: 3.71 points, <i>d</i> = 2.01) compared to controls (mean reduction: 2.82 points, <i>d</i> = 1.30). Improvements in all other outcome measures were comparable between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While PT effectively improves plantar fasciitis symptoms, adding sandals provided significantly greater improvement in first-step post-inactivity pain. Further large-scale trials with extended follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings and assess long-term efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 4","pages":"189-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Zul Hilmi Muhammad Zain, Ariffin Nasir, Najib Majdi Yaacob, Nor Rosidah Ibrahim
{"title":"Incidence of Newborns with Down Syndrome and Factors Associated with Their Length of Hospital Stay in Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia.","authors":"Muhammad Zul Hilmi Muhammad Zain, Ariffin Nasir, Najib Majdi Yaacob, Nor Rosidah Ibrahim","doi":"10.21315/mjms-10-2024-838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms-10-2024-838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder worldwide. This study aimed to analyse the incidence of newborns with DS in a tertiary centre in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia and determine the factors associated with the length of hospital stay among them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study from 2017 to 2021 that recruited 41 newborns with DS. We analysed patients' clinical characteristics, comorbidities and length of hospital stay. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the median length of hospital stay and factors affecting the length of hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidences of newborns with DS for five consecutive years were between 0.52 and 1.39 in 1,000 live births. The gender was equally distributed and the majority were delivered from advanced maternal age with multiple antenatal histories. The majority had non-disjunction trisomy 21 and were born with multiple comorbidities. Median length of hospital stay (IQR) among newborns with DS is 24 days (17.7-30.3). Every newborn with pulmonary hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.24; 95% CI 0.10, 0.58), feeding intolerance (aHR: 0.16, [95% CI 0.06, 0.54]) and who had been invasively ventilated (aHR: 0.13, [95% CI 0.03, 0.48]) is expected to have a prolonged hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of newborns with DS in Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia is lower than other countries worldwide. We found that pulmonary hypertension, history of invasive ventilation and feeding intolerance are the main factors that affect the length of hospital stay for newborns with DS in our hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":47388,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"32 4","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}