Research in Social Stratification and Mobility最新文献_第6页

Is the wage premium on using computers at work gender-specific? 工作中使用计算机的工资溢价是否与性别有关？

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100890

Tali Kristal , Efrat Herzberg-Druker , Adena White

{"title":"Is the wage premium on using computers at work gender-specific?","authors":"Tali Kristal , Efrat Herzberg-Druker , Adena White","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Past research on the relationship between computers and wages has revealed two stylized facts. First, workers who use a computer at work earn higher wages than similar workers who do not (termed as ‘the computer wage premium’). Second, women are more likely to use a computer at work than are men. Given the recognized computer wage premium and women’s advantage in computer use at work, we ask: Is the wage premium on using computers at work gender- or non-gender-specific? Given gendered processes operating at both the occupational and within-occupation levels, we expect that returns to computer usage are gender-bias. This contrasts the skill-biased technological change (SBTC) theory assumption that the theorized pathways through which computers boost earnings are non-gender-specific productivity-enhancing mechanisms. Analyzing occupational data on computer use at work from O*NET attached to the 1979–2016 Current Population Surveys (CPS) and individual-level data from the 2012 Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC), we find that the computer wage premium is biased in favor of men at the occupation level. We conclude by suggesting that computer-based technologies relate to reproducing old forms of gender pay inequality due to gendered processes that operate mainly at the structural level (i.e., occupations) rather than at the individual level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100890"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562424000039/pdfft?md5=320f5395222266270e286ae38c93d88d&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562424000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The lasting earnings losses of COVID-19 short-time work COVID-19 短期工作造成的持久收入损失

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100889

Stefan Vogtenhuber , Nadia Steiber , Monika Mühlböck

{"title":"The lasting earnings losses of COVID-19 short-time work","authors":"Stefan Vogtenhuber , Nadia Steiber , Monika Mühlböck","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study is the first to investigate the impact of short-time work (STW) schemes during the COVID-19 pandemic on earnings after STW. STW schemes were implemented to preserve employee–employer matches, support workers' incomes, and uphold consumption. Although workers faced temporary earnings losses under STW, it is unclear if the negative earnings effects of STW persisted or were limited to the STW spell. Therefore, this study uses a dynamic difference-in-difference (DiD) identification strategy with administrative data to identify any lasting STW effects on earnings. This approach accounts for factors that influenced worker selection into STW and tests for heterogeneous effects across subgroups of workers. We find lasting earnings losses that persisted beyond the STW participation itself. Most importantly, these earnings losses depended on the duration of STW exposure, with greater negative effects being more prominent in cases of long-term or recurring STW spells. Lasting, post-STW earnings losses tended to be more pronounced for white-collar jobs, while the largest losses were observed among men with blue-collar jobs whose STW spells exceeded one year.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562424000027/pdfft?md5=4e66a3070be1f6e57df50af3317fff91&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562424000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139518036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intersections of gender and immigrant status in Japan: Analysis of the 2020 Basic Survey on Wage Structure 日本性别与移民身份的交叉：对 2020 年工资结构基本调查的分析

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100886

Kikuko Nagayoshi

{"title":"Intersections of gender and immigrant status in Japan: Analysis of the 2020 Basic Survey on Wage Structure","authors":"Kikuko Nagayoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Economic integration of immigrants reflects a stratified structure of the receiving country’s labor market. Gender is one of the most important factors stratifying the labor market. While the intersection of gender and immigrant status in the labor market has been examined, a possibility that immigration policies intervene in it is understudied. This study examines how Japan’s restrictive immigration policies intervene in the gender wage gap by analyzing data from the 2020 Basic Survey on Wage Structure. Results show different gender wage gaps among immigrants according to their visa type. While those with job-related visas experience smaller wage disparity with their male counterparts than do Japanese women, those with status-based visas experience equally large wage disparity. Application of the decomposition method revealed that the large gender wage gap among status-based immigrants is caused by higher return to age for men than for women and different distributions of occupations by gender. While the constraints imposed by restrictive immigration policies on labor immigrants regarding their work mitigate the differential treatment of men and women, the gendered structure of the Japanese labor market maintains itself in the long-run through the process of integrating immigrants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100886"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001300/pdfft?md5=77547319e7c7bf85d8cb8d508d7fae15&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001300-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139463181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Later and less? New evidence on occupational maturity for Swedish women and men 更晚和更少？瑞典男女职业成熟度的新证据

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100884

Erik Bihagen , Roujman Shahbazian , Sara Kjellsson

{"title":"Later and less? New evidence on occupational maturity for Swedish women and men","authors":"Erik Bihagen , Roujman Shahbazian , Sara Kjellsson","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A common assumption in the social stratification literature is that the lion’s share of people reaches occupational maturity quite early in working life, i.e., they end up in an occupation/class position and stay there. The conventional view is that career maturity is reached around the age of 35. By using Swedish longitudinal occupational biographies across six birth cohorts from 1925 to 1984, this study challenges this view. Our findings reveal substantial career transitions throughout working life, an increase across cohorts, and a wide variation in the age of the last class transition. This suggests that careers are not in general static positions from a certain age, but fluctuate over time. There are signs of a general slowing down of career transitions across working lives, but this comes later in life and to a smaller extent than expected. These findings suggest that research often based on cross sectional data, e.g. studies on intergenerational mobility and class differences in health, need to incorporate career mobility data. More research is needed to illuminate if the results of Sweden, in terms of a low and decreasing level of occupational maturity can be replicated in other countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100884"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001282/pdfft?md5=e072def13837429ad7adc6088d915b20&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001282-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139412966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Family income volatility among Chinese children, 2010–2018 2010-2018 年中国儿童的家庭收入波动情况

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100883

Jiashu Xu , Airan Liu

{"title":"Family income volatility among Chinese children, 2010–2018","authors":"Jiashu Xu , Airan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A stable economic environment in a family lays the foundation for children’s healthy development, and income volatility is a key indicator of family economic (in)stability. Using longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study investigates exposure to family income volatility and its social determinants for Chinese children during the period 2010–2018. The results show that Chinese children experienced high levels of family income volatility during 2010–2018, and childhood exposure to income volatility in China is closely related to both family socioeconomic characteristics and structural factors. Specifically, children from low-income families, with less-educated and non-state-sector-employed parents, and holding a rural <em>hukou</em> (household registration) are more likely to experience childhood economic instability. Given that children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families already face challenges associated with constrained socioeconomic resources, the fact that they are also more likely to live in a precarious economic environment may put them at a double disadvantage in early life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001270/pdfft?md5=c2d55d22e5bc709dda48c08e8afd7d60&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001270-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Where do opportunity beliefs come from? Implications of intergenerational social mobility for beliefs about the distribution system in China 机会信念从何而来？代际社会流动对中国分配制度信念的影响

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888

Peng Wang , Francisco Olivos

{"title":"Where do opportunity beliefs come from? Implications of intergenerational social mobility for beliefs about the distribution system in China","authors":"Peng Wang , Francisco Olivos","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People’s understanding of the drivers of inequality is a function of their position in the social structure. Nevertheless, the ways in which intergenerational social mobility is associated with opportunity beliefs remain under researched. Recent findings in cultural sociology suggest that individuals seldom update their beliefs, and that settled dispositions lead people to reproduce their beliefs in their adulthood. This study used a probabilistic and representative survey of Chinese citizens to explore how intergenerational social mobility relates to opportunity beliefs. China presents an interesting context to explore this question, since Chinese society is considered to be highly unequal yet highly tolerant of social inequalities. Our results indicate a U-shaped relationship between social class and opportunity beliefs. The upper class and farmers exhibit stronger meritocratic beliefs than middle-classes. Moreover, upwardly and downwardly mobile individuals show greater weights for origin and destination, respectively. Thus, opportunity beliefs are explained by the social class where they rank lower. These findings suggest that when beliefs are updated through social mobility, they interact with the mobility trajectory. In addition, the stronger meritocratic beliefs of the farmers’ class and the greater weight of social origin for upwardly mobile individuals could help explain the dormant social volcano in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562424000015/pdfft?md5=0c1c6242008e0bc74dd535a910ea0d8a&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562424000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Racial and ethnic variation in the relationship between parental educational similarity and infant health 父母教育相似性与婴儿健康关系中的种族和民族差异

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100887

David Enrique Rangel , Emily Rauscher

{"title":"Racial and ethnic variation in the relationship between parental educational similarity and infant health","authors":"David Enrique Rangel , Emily Rauscher","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evidence suggests benefits of parental educational homogamy for infant and child well-being but ignores potential racial and ethnic variation in these benefits. Increasing disparities in infant health by maternal education and race, along with increasing educational sorting, raise questions about whether educational homogamy could contribute to these disparities. Drawing on a random sample of over 4 million live births in NVSS data from 2011 to 2020 and ordinary least squares regression, this study examines the relationship between infant health, parental educational similarity, and race and ethnicity. Our findings indicate a weak overall relationship between educational sorting and infant health at birth, with significant variation by race and ethnicity. In addition, absolute education levels and marital status more strongly predict infant health than educational assortative mating. Sensitivity analyses confirm the robustness of these findings across different modeling approaches and sample sizes. Our results indicate that parental educational sorting is only weakly related to infant health and cannot explain widening infant health gaps by race.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001312/pdfft?md5=03580b6a6a1bad11f5887e2304eed01a&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001312-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cohort change in the educational gradient in women’s employment around childbirth in Japan 日本妇女生育前后就业教育梯度的队列变化

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100885

Ryota Mugiyama

{"title":"Cohort change in the educational gradient in women’s employment around childbirth in Japan","authors":"Ryota Mugiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In contrast to many high-income countries, there is no clear positive relationship between maternal education and employment in Japan. However, recent policy, normative, and labor market changes are expected to have encouraged highly educated women to continue working, especially in regular employment, resulting in an increasing positive educational gradient. Despite this expectation, little is known about the changes in the educational gradient in recent cohorts. This paper examines the changes in the educational gradient in women’s employment around their first and second births using nationally representative panel survey data of women born in the 1960–1989 cohorts in Japan. The results show a significant increase in the positive educational gradient in employment rates around the first and second births in the 1980s cohort. Highly educated women are more likely to be in regular employment and less likely to leave employment, which contributes to their higher employment continuity. Conversely, the employment rates of women with lower levels of education have not increased to the same extent across the cohorts, and they have become more likely to be in nonstandard employment. These findings suggest that the weak relationship between maternal education and employment is changing in Japan, which may contribute to greater inequality in the labor market, household, and offspring outcomes in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100885"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001294/pdfft?md5=1f0b85cd9cc0a2e7e795ee8c83d7e078&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001294-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aging and the rise in bottom income inequality in Korea 老龄化与韩国底层收入不平等的加剧

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100882

ChangHwan Kim , Andrew Taeho Kim

{"title":"Aging and the rise in bottom income inequality in Korea","authors":"ChangHwan Kim , Andrew Taeho Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Korea is one of the world’s fastest-aging societies, with poverty and low income prevalent among the elderly population. Unlike other advanced economies, where top income inequality has driven the rise in income inequality, fluctuations in income inequality in Korea in recent decades have been dominated by changes in the bottom half of the income distribution. Using data from the 1998–2016 Household Income and Expenditure Survey and the 2012–2019 Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions, this study explores the extent to which population aging is associated with changes in the top (P90P50) and bottom (P50P10) income inequalities by applying recentered influence function decomposition technique. Our results indicate that population aging, or the compositional change in age distribution, is the largest contributor to the rise in bottom income inequality during the 21st century. Other factors, including the composition and rate effects of education, rate effect of age, and structural changes in labor markets, account for, at most, a small portion of the changes. The implications of these findings are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100882"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001269/pdfft?md5=11cc3bd18d849bcb8d60ca0756424f51&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001269-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139063004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of state-managed marketplaces on out-of-pocket health care costs: Before and after the Affordable Care Act 州管理市场对自付医疗费用的影响：平价医疗法案》出台前后

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100881

Zachary D. Kline

{"title":"The effects of state-managed marketplaces on out-of-pocket health care costs: Before and after the Affordable Care Act","authors":"Zachary D. Kline","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The healthcare marketplaces established by the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are intended to make healthcare more affordable and accessible for middle- and moderate-income families. However, state governments regulate many aspects of the insurance markets. This study examines how state-managed insurance marketplaces affect the ACA’s impact on out-of-pocket healthcare spending across different income groups. A difference-in-difference model is used on the Panel Study of Income Dynamics data in conjunction with data from the Kaiser Family Foundation and Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services. While expenses for middle and upper-income families across the country continue to rise, findings reveal that many ACA-eligible, moderate-income families experience relatively lower costs. State-managed marketplaces pronounce this constraining effect, especially for moderate-income families with incomes between 200% and 300% of the poverty line. The stratification-inspired approach furthermore provides insight to policymakers and judgment and decision-making scientists interested in how best to implement equitable choice-based programs among stratified communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001257/pdfft?md5=e68a6321e63f5e77f87ac7e0c644619f&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001257-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139028961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0