Australian Journal of Public Administration最新文献

{"title":"Punching above their weight or falling flat? Flagship policy modernisation initiatives in Australia, Britain, Canada, and New Zealand","authors":"Jonathan Craft,&nbsp;Samuel Henderson","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12600","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12600","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concerns of a decline in public service policy capacity coupled with evolving policy advisory systems have seen public services seek to reform their policy capacity and practices. This article examines the flagship policy modernisation initiatives launched by the Australian, Canadian, British, and New Zealand governments. Comparative analysis reveals a shared emphasis on overarching objectives, but important differences in their design, how they are embedded within the public service, and their comprehensiveness. The New Zealand and British initiatives are found to be the most comprehensive and stable, while the Canadian and Australian approaches suffer from repeated reinvention exercises and resource and leadership precarity. An examination of these initiatives also provides new insights into understanding the trade-offs and tensions around how these initiatives aim to address public service policymaking and effective advisory system participation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The public service's role within advisory systems is evolving and needs to be carefully reconsidered.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Senior officials need to get serious about effectively scoping reform initiatives and being clearer about the trade-offs associated with broad or more targeted approaches.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Initiatives are drastically under-resourced even in the best of scenarios. Governments and senior officials need to step up and invest in sustainable and well-institutionalised initiatives.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Practitioners will need to be creative about how and where they can access tools and approaches to improve their policymaking in cases where governments continue to under-resource policy modernisation.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 2","pages":"215-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135826280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation through welfare conditionality and marketisation in active labour market policies: Evidence from Indonesia","authors":"Phuc Nguyen,&nbsp;Fadillah Putra,&nbsp;Mark Considine,&nbsp;Anwar Sanusi","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12602","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12602","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regardless of their prevalence and considerable expansion since the 1980s, evidence concerning the impact of welfare conditionality and marketisation in active labour market policies (ALMPs) has been inconclusive and mostly limited to developed and transition economies. Using mixed methods for collecting and analysing data, this study investigates the deployment of these two policy instruments in the latest addition to the stock of ALMPs: the Kartu Prakerja Program of Indonesia. Our findings indicate positive effects derived from such incorporation of the two instruments in this new program. Specifically, we observed a high level of jobseekers’ engagement and employment outcomes. The program also shaped the development of a provider market that is of higher standard of professionalism. It, however, is not exempt from problems that seem to be of perennial nature in other welfare-to-work programs, pointing to the need for greater service tailoring and provider engagement. Impressively, the program represents an example of a genuine policy learning in both policy formulation and re-formulation during the time of crisis, given that it has been run successfully, along with various adaptions quickly made in response to changing circumstances.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Welfare conditionality and marketisation in the delivery of publicly funded employment services have been two key features of many welfare regimes. However, evidence concerning their impact is still inconclusive and especially lacking in a developing country context.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>There exist similarities in the impacts of these two policy instruments across country contexts. Notably, national factors such as economy informality and culture are critical to interpret and understand their impacts.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Coupled with genuine policy learning in both policy formulation and re-formulation, successful innovations during a time of crisis are possible.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"82 4","pages":"488-506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43390858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of genomic big data to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of Korean domestic chickens.","authors":"Eunjin Cho, Minjun Kim, Jae-Hwan Kim, Hee-Jong Roh, Seung Chang Kim, Dae-Hyeok Jin, Dae Cheol Kim, Jun Heon Lee","doi":"10.5187/jast.2023.e8","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2023.e8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic diversity analysis is crucial for maintaining and managing genetic resources. Several studies have examined the genetic diversity of Korean domestic chicken (KDC) populations using microsatellite markers, but it is difficult to capture the characteristics of the whole genome in this manner. Hence, this study analyzed the genetic diversity of several KDC populations using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data. We examined 935 birds from 21 KDC populations, including indigenous and adapted Korean native chicken (KNC), Hyunin and Jeju KDC, and Hanhyup commercial KDC populations. A total of 212,420 SNPs of 21 KDC populations were used for calculating genetic distances and fixation index, and for ADMIXTURE analysis. As a result of the analysis, the indigenous KNC groups were genetically closer and more fixed than the other groups. Furthermore, Hyunin and Jeju KDC were similar to the indigenous KNC. In comparison, adapted KNC and Hanhyup KDC populations derived from the same original species were genetically close to each other, but had different genetic structures from the others. In conclusion, this study suggests that continuous evaluation and management are required to prevent a loss of genetic diversity in each group. Basic genetic information is provided that can be used to improve breeds quickly by utilizing the various characteristics of native chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"72 1","pages":"912-921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10640927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84698843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the costs of co-commissioning: Early experiences with co-commissioning in Australia","authors":"Shona Bates,&nbsp;Ben Harris-Roxas,&nbsp;Michael Wright","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12599","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12599","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Public services, such as health and other human services, are increasingly being delivered by third-party providers (providers) under contract to public sector organisations (PSOs). While often advantageous to PSOs, this creates a fragmented service context which is difficult for consumers to navigate. Further, providers often deliver services under multiple contracts to multiple funders, with high reporting requirements, high administrative costs, and low operational sustainability. Policymakers have encouraged co-commissioning—where PSOs come together to jointly commission services—to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of outsourcing. This article seeks to understand the costs of co-commissioning in Australia, and consequently the enablers and barriers to co-commissioning. This qualitative study is based on the early experiences of co-commissioning by one of 31 Primary Health Networks (PHNs). Using transaction cost economics (TCE) theory, the study explains how the PHN started co-commissioning services with other PHNs, before co-commissioning with other types of organisations. The PHN also co-commissioned relatively simple activities first, before moving on to more complex services. The insights provided using TCE theory help explain why co-commissioning is initially complicated (and costly), requiring time to understand both the services to be commissioned and the governance requirements of each party involved. While initial transaction costs may be high when co-commissioning, this may reflect organisational learning and capacity development costs - therefore, costs are expected to reduce over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Fragmentation in policy and funding also leads to fragmentation of human services and high costs to service providers.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Co-commissioning is where multiple funders pool funds and strategically commission services together.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Co-commissioning offers a way to reduce fragmentation and reduce costs to service providers, potentially offering better public value.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Co-commissioning can initially take time and resources to establish.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Over time, as organisations learn, the cost of co-commissioning reduces potentially offering benefits to funders, providers, and service users.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"82 4","pages":"462-487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44517903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy learning and the COVID-19 crisis: A systematic review of scholarship and key lessons for research and practice","authors":"Bishoy L. Zaki,&nbsp;Ellen Wayenberg","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12598","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12598","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Policy learning plays an important role during crises, where it can empower effective crisis responses or derail policy . Accordingly, a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic has created a surge in research on policy learning. In this article, and more than 3 years from the crisis’ onset, we systematically review what COVID-19 policy learning research has hitherto offered. We take stock of 45 scientific articles to provide an account of where policy learning has been researched, what methods, policy domains, and conceptual approaches were most used, and what new theoretical and conceptual advances have emerged from this growing body of research. Furthermore, we distil the key insights it offers to both scholars and practitioners. In doing so, we point to the theoretical and empirical gaps that future scholarship can address, as well as how can practitioners leverage research insights towards improving policy learning practices during similar crises in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>In creeping crises such as COVID-19, policy-makers need to consider the multidimensionality and societal embeddedness of policy issues while designing policy learning processes, particularly in identifying relevant expertise.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Creeping crises evolve over time. Hence, policy-makers need to continuously re-align the policy learning processes to match evolving crisis definitions, manifestations, and societal perceptions. This requires continuous context scanning.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>In creeping crises, policy learning has considerable time and space interactions. Thus, when designing policy learning processes, policy-makers need to proactively consider the heterogeneity of policy learning processes across various levels of the governance architecture over time. As such, holistic ‘governance’ of policy learning processes becomes essential.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Policy-makers should strive towards minimising perceived political interventions and influences on the policy learning processes, particularly during crises to maintain transparency and public trust.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 3","pages":"415-432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45604060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-municipal cooperation and local government perspectives on community health and wellbeing","authors":"Michelle J. Morgan,&nbsp;Elaine Stratford,&nbsp;Siobhan Harpur,&nbsp;Samantha Rowbotham,&nbsp;Dan Chamberlain","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12597","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12597","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, local governments face increasing service delivery demands and citizen expectations, including in relation to community health and wellbeing. Inter-municipal cooperation is one strategy to respond to those demands. In Australia, however, there is limited empirical research about the types of inter-municipal cooperation local governments engage in and about their perspectives on community health and wellbeing. Without such knowledge, limits are placed on strategies the sector can develop and deploy to collectively tackle complex issues that extend beyond municipal boundaries. Responding to that gap in research and those consequential challenges for strategy, we surveyed municipal personnel in all 29 local governments in the state of Tasmania and included questions to quantify inter-municipal cooperation using social network analysis. Results show the extent to which local governments cooperate across seven domains and reveal that participants prioritised community health and wellbeing and described funding, collaboration, legislation, and systems thinking as ways to advance their contributions to that priority. We found social network analysis to be a useful method to measure inter-municipal cooperation; however, further research into how and why local governments collaborate across diverse service types would help inform how those services can be enhanced, including for community health and wellbeing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Inter-municipal cooperation is important for local governments to manage resources with increasing service delivery demands and citizen expectations.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>This Australian study shows how inter-municipal cooperation can be quantified and articulated visually using social network analysis—a method that could measure changes over time and enable cross-jurisdiction comparisons.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>In Tasmania:\u0000\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li><span>◦ </span>inter-municipal cooperation occurs in distinct regional networks and more research about how and why these networks function across diverse service types could inform service enhancement; and</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li><span>◦ </span>those in local government want to advance their contributions to community health and wellbeing and need support in the form of funding, collaboration, legislation, and systems thinking capacity.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 3","pages":"394-414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42113232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organisational culture and information security awareness of Chinese grassroots civil servants: A mediated moderation model","authors":"Lin Chen,&nbsp;Jie Zhen,&nbsp;Kunxiang Dong,&nbsp;Zongxiao Xie","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12596","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12596","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Digital information and data significantly improve the efficiency of government work in China. At the same time, in order to deal with information security and data leakage events, public departments have begun to pay attention to the information security awareness and behaviour of civil servants. Based on organisational culture and protection motivation theory, this study constructed a mediated moderation model to explore the influence mechanism of grassroots civil servants’ awareness of information security. This study collected 324 questionnaires from four regions of China. Results show that organisational culture has a significant positive impact on information security awareness. Professional identity has a significant positive effect on public service motivation and plays a negative moderating role in the relationship between organisational culture and information security awareness. Public service motivation mediates the moderating effect of professional identity on the relationship between organisational culture and information security awareness. The findings of this study offer practical implications and suggestions for further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The construction of organisational culture will effectively enhance the information security awareness of Chinese grassroots civil servants.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Public departments should consider professional identity as an important factor when selecting grassroots civil servants engaged in information security work.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>In the implementation of information security management strategy planning, government departments can pay attention to and emphasise the public service motivation of grassroots civil servants.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 3","pages":"372-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43084076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deliberate disproportionate policy outcomes and regulating deforestation in Queensland, Australia","authors":"Henry Boer","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12593","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12593","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper analyses the strategic interests that inform deforestation policies in Australia, and the variance in policy selections over time. A theory of deliberate policy disproportionality is used to analyse 20 years of regulatory reform in Queensland, focusing on the Vegetation Management Act (VMA) 1999. Application of the framework to this case suggests that political executives were prone to deliberately adopt (dis)proportionate policies as a strategic response to either manage or capitalise on stakeholder support or opposition to any proposed legislative change. The high variance in (dis)proportionate deforestation policies is attributed to how political executives respond to claims made by competing constituencies regarding the costs versus benefits of successive reforms. During key reform phases, policy under-reaction was the norm, and political executives intentionally limited the scope and effectiveness of the VMA 1999 due to perceived impacts on the agricultural sector. Political executives were highly responsive to the emotional investment of rural constituents and averse to introducing policies that required difficult trade-offs. Elections offered strategic opportunities for delivering more proportionate policies that balanced public environmental benefits with economic impacts, as evidenced by a conditional deforestation ban introduced between 2004 and 2012 and reinstated in 2018.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Variance in Queensland's deforestation policy over time can be attributed to the intentional decisions by political executives to limit or expand the scope of regulations as a strategic response to stakeholder expectations.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Political executives were responsive to the costs versus environmental impacts/benefits of any deforestation reforms, but prone to policy under-reaction when the priority was managing the emotive reactions from rural constituencies.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>More proportionate regulations, such as the partial deforestation ban of 2004, aimed to balance environmental benefits with compensation for landholders but were only implemented when electorally beneficial.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Stakeholders have a significant influence on disproportionate deforestation policy design and governments will need to manage competing claims to deliver more durable policy outcomes.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 1","pages":"50-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42438204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the ‘forgotten fundamental’ in policy advisory systems research: Policy shops and the role(s) of core policy professionals","authors":"Andrea Migone,&nbsp;Michael Howlett","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12595","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12595","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;During the past 30 years, research on policy analytical capacity's multidimensional nature and the evolution of policy advisory systems (PASs) has both increased knowledge of these processes and structures and opened new avenues of inquiry. While it is clear that changes in PASs in many countries have occurred - featuring processes such as the increased externalisation and politicisation of policy advice - studies of changes among the roles played by core policy professionals in advice provision have lagged. One aspect of this question concerns the nature and extent of changes in this ‘forgotten fundamental’ of advice systems related to how these professionals are arrayed within ‘policy shops’—that is organisational units identified in the 1960s and 1970s as the main organisational home of policy professionals in government. Whether or not such shops have changed from the central-integrated model identified in early studies and, if so, how, remain outstanding and foundational questions. Recent research in Canada has mapped the distribution of policy professionals at the central and provincial level and found more types of analysts and venues than in earlier eras— which range from the ‘classical’ integrated policy shops of the 1960s and 1970s which remain in central agencies and single-purpose line departments to the much more 'distributed' patterns found in many departments dealing with multiple or complex controversial issues. Using Canadian data, this study outlines the development of these organisational types and their distribution in government and discusses the implications of these changes for better understanding the work, and needs, of core professionals in policy advice systems. .&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Points for practitioners&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;div&gt;\u0000 &lt;ul&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;‘Policy professionals’ or public employees specifically tasked with policy analysis in government are key players in policy advisory systems despite the addition of more external and internal actors in policy advice systems in recent years.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;How these advisors and analysts are organised in government, whether they work in clusters or small groups, and how they interact with other civil servants and policy-makers are a key determinant of their activities and influence in policy-making.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/li&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;li&gt;\u0000 &lt;p&gt;In the policy sciences, work in the 1960s and 1970s established ‘the policy shop’, that is relatively small centrally located organisational units employing mainly policy analysts, as the main home of policy professionals ","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 2","pages":"192-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44026168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better bushfire safety decision-making: Making sense of complexities and challenges surrounding ‘Stay or Go’ and the Australian Fire Danger Rating System","authors":"Graham Dwyer,&nbsp;John Schauble","doi":"10.1111/1467-8500.12592","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8500.12592","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the context of bushfires (and other emergencies), state agencies should avoid developing policy and/or advice that locks people into rigid binary choices. In Victoria, Australia post-fire inquiries have found the bushfire safety advice often referred to as ‘Stay (<i>and defend your property</i>) or Go (<i>early before the fire arrives</i>)’ to be contradictory and competing in its logic. However, this advice continues to provide a basis for positive community safety outcomes. It can still be used effectively by policy makers and practitioners within emergency management agencies to inform and educate a highly urbanised society that has become experientially detached from bushfire. With the introduction of the Australian Fire Danger Ratings System and climate challenges ahead, it appears that logics at the core of ‘Stay or Go’ will continue to offer communities located alongside complex bushfire risk in urban, regional, and rural areas a basis for appropriate safety decisions using the best available information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Points for practitioners</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Provides guidelines for ways in which ‘Stay or Go’ advice can continue to be used by emergency management policy makers and practitioners as a basis for positive community safety outcomes from bushfire risk.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Challenges suggestions from significant bushfire inquiries that the logics at the core of ‘Stay or Go’ contradict each other. Staying and defending a home or leaving early offer a basis for surviving bushfire depending on individual circumstances—practitioners should ensure that this is a key message of bushfire education campaigns.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Provides pathways for practitioners and the community to work together and co-create collaborative bushfire plans whereby preparing for bushfire risk is a shared responsibility.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47373,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Public Administration","volume":"83 3","pages":"496-501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8500.12592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46248366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}