Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Response to letter to the Editor.","authors":"Gali Dar","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2498420","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2498420","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"323-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of the thoracolumbar spine is almost completely absent in trials evaluating conservative management for sacroiliac joint pain: a systematic review of 43 randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Matthew R Schumacher, Dillan T Kovash, Keith T Forkin, Dylann B Bylund","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2539783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2539783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain is a common diagnosed lumbosacral condition with historical diagnostic uncertainty. Recent literature suggests that effective diagnosis of SIJ pain should begin with screening the thoracolumbar spine, as SIJ regional pain is often linked to referral patterns originating from this area.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the screening methods of the thoracolumbar spine in randomized controlled trials (RCT) for the evaluation and treatment of SIJ pain or dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of PubMed, CINAHL, and CENTRAL was conducted for RCTs published from inception up to 31 March 2024. RCTs focusing on SIJ pain as the primary diagnosis, treated with conservative interventions such as manual therapy, exercise, or modalities in adult patients, were included. Data on thoracolumbar spine screening methods were extracted, categorized, and reported with means, standard deviations, and frequency counts. The Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess each RCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,719 articles were retrieved. After removing duplicates and screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, 43 RCTs were included for data extraction. Two trials (4.7%) performed a reasonable thoracolumbar spine screening process, nine (20.9%) partially completed, and 32 (74.4%) did not perform a thoracolumbar screening process prior to formulating an SIJ diagnosis. Every RCT had at least some of risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>More than 95% of RCT's reported minimal-to-no thoracolumbar screening process prior to developing an SIJ diagnosis, highlighting significant variability and scarcity. The role of screening the thoracolumbar spine prior to diagnosing SIJ pain is notably underrepresented in RCTs providing treatment recommendations for this condition, undermining the strength of the conclusions derived from these studies. This finding highlights the need for further research to establish a standardized clinical thoracolumbar screening process for SIJ pain to ultimately improve patient outcomes for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and anatomical accuracy of dry needling procedures in musculoskeletal system: a systematic review of cadaveric studies.","authors":"Marta Sánchez-Montoya, Jaime Almazán-Polo, Ángel González-de-la-Flor","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2536818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2536818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In recent years, invasive physiotherapy techniques have seen a significant rise in use for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. However, there is currently no standardization in the anatomical landmarks, needle length, and insertion angles applied across different muscles, which is critical for ensuring both safety and reliability, especially in non-ultrasound-guided interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the results of studies evaluating invasive puncture techniques performed on cadaveric specimens and to assess their methodological quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed in the MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases, including all records up to 23 December 2024. Studies were included if they assessed the anatomical safety and procedural accuracy of invasive physiotherapy techniques on cadavers. The quality of reporting was assessed using the QUACS scale, and risk of bias was evaluated with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one cadaveric observational studies were included. All studies demonstrated anatomically safe approaches, with no reported injury to adjacent neural or vascular structures. However, there was variability in methodological quality and consistency in reporting across studies. The mean QUACS score across the included studies was 8.95 out of 13, corresponding to an average methodological quality of 68.84% (30.76% to 92.30%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current evidence supports the anatomical safety of invasive physiotherapy techniques applied to cadavers. Nevertheless, the development and implementation of standardized, reproducible protocols are necessary to improve the consistency, safety, and clinical applicability of these interventions, particularly when performed without ultrasound guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility of a modified posterior talar glide test in ankle sprain conditions: a cross-sectional analysis on chronic ankle instability, copers, and healthy controls.","authors":"Anh Phong Nguyen, Hugo Bogaerts, Chloé Galerne, François Fourchet","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2531927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2531927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The posterior talar glide test (PTGT) is recommended for ankle sprain assessment, but it has limited scientific support. Therefore, the aims of this study were to assess the reproducibility of PTGT in two conditions: 1) the clinical experience of the clinician and 2) in a modified setting using a referential horizontal plane in three clinical conditions (chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy controls).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight participants were recruited. PTGT measurements were performed using two raters, i.e., novice and experienced, and performed twice with and without the referential horizontal plane with each rater on each ankle. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTGT reported excellent intra-rater reliability for both novice (ICC = 0.97, SEM = 2.2°, MDC = 4.1°) and experienced rater (ICC = 0.94, SEM = 2.4°, MDC = 4.3°). Modified PTGT provided excellent intra-rater reliability for both experienced (ICC = 0.96, SEM = 1.4°, MDC = 3.3°) and novice rater (ICC = 0.96, SEM = 2.3°, MDC = 4.2°). Inter-rater reliability increases along with the addition of the referential horizontal plane, being poor to good for PTGT (ICC = 0.64, SEM = 2.8°, MDC = 4.7°), whereas moderate to good for modified PTGT (ICC = 0.78, SEM = 2.3°, MDC = 4.2°).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PTGT appears reproducible enough to be used in a clinical setting. Its modified version, i.e., with a referential horizontal plane, offers a greater inter-rater reliability, making it a better option for research purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hip abduction with hip extension produces the largest obturator nerve displacement: a cadaveric investigation.","authors":"Cameron C Bassett, Kerry K Gilbert, Micah Lierly, Troy L Hooper, Nathan E Burgess, Gary Kearns, Jean-Michel Brismeé","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2528694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2528694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The obturator nerve may be injured during surgery or trauma. Neurodynamic testing (NDT) is theorized to assist in obturator nerve injury identification, but the optimum hip position for NDT has not been biomechanically supported.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the displacement and strain of the obturator nerve within the pelvis using three NDT positions of the hip (neutral, flexion, and extension) combined with hip abduction.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>One-way repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine cadavers were selected by consecutive sampling, and metal markers were glued to the exposed intrapelvic obturator nerves <i>in situ</i>. Cadavers were secured in a side-lying slumped knee bend position, and fluoroscopic images of the intrapelvic obturator nerve were taken in a starting position. Images were repeated during three testing positions: end-range hip abduction with sagittal hip positions in neutral, flexion, and extension. Images were digitized, and displacement and strain values were calculated and compared. Alpha was set at 0.05, and data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obturator nerve displaced distally from the starting position during end-range hip abduction with the sagittal hip position in neutral (mean = 2.76 ± 2.46 mm; <i>p</i> = 0.015) and extension (mean = 3.31 ± 2.14 mm; <i>p</i> = 0.003) but not with flexion. No lateral displacement or strain value differences were measured between the three testing positions (<i>p</i> = 0.948, <i>p</i> = 0.925, <i>p</i> = 0.359).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obturator nerve NDT using end-range hip abduction with the sagittal hip position in neutral or extension significantly displaces the nerve distally, suggesting these positions may be most useful when performing NDT of the obturator nerve.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Graston Technique for low back pain and thoracic spinal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kawthar Alshalla, Mahmoud Kandeel, Maryam Mahmoud","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2523280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2523280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Low back pain (LBP) and thoracic spinal pain are significant global health burdens, and the Graston Technique (GT), a form of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM), has gained popularity as a treatment option. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effectiveness of GT for reducing pain and preventing disability in individuals with LBP and thoracic spinal pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, identifying four eligible studies from inception to August 2024. Both randomized and non-randomized controlled trials were included. The primary outcomes were changes in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores. Quantitative data were analyzed using meta-analysis, and qualitative synthesis was conducted for secondary outcomes. Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled analysis showed a significant reduction in VAS scores when comparing GT to placebo controls (Mean difference = -1.45, 95%CI [-2.24, -0.66]), suggesting that GT may effectively reduce pain. However, no significant difference was observed when compared to active interventions. The meta-analysis revealed no significant improvement in ODI scores with GT compared to placebo. Qualitative synthesis indicated potential benefits in range of motion, flexibility, proprioception, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GT may reduce spinal pain, particularly compared to placebo. However, these preliminary results require confirmation from further studies as its impact on functional outcomes and superiority over other treatments remain uncertain. Further high-quality research is necessary to confirm these findings and establish GT's role in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of manually applied force control training in physiotherapy students and experienced manual therapists.","authors":"Rafał Gnat, Anna Gogola, Tomasz Wolny, Maciej Biały, Adam Muzalewski","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2512863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2512863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Manual therapists use manually applied physical force as their medium to achieve expected therapeutic effects. Force control ability based on proprioception is highly demanded for efficient 'hands-on' work and in the education process of manual therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the presented study is to investigate the effects of manually applied, device-assisted force control training in manual therapy students and experienced manual therapists.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A quasi-experimental design was applied with 2 groups of volunteers (students and experienced manual therapists), intervention in the form of 20-session manually applied, device-assisted force control training, and 3 measurements of dependent variables (baseline, post-training and 1-month follow-up).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Force reproduction tests with no visual control were performed using a force plate and electronic dynamometer. Force control training was implemented using regular kitchen scales. A minimum of 1000 force reproduction trials was carried out during the training. Absolute errors of force reproduction were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the post-training and follow up-measurements students made significantly larger absolute errors than therapists. In follow-up they completely returned to their initial status, while the therapists retained much of the skills they had acquired.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Device-assisted force control training reduces the magnitude of the force reproduction error in students and therapists. Therapists seem to retain more of the training gains. Further research should consider effects of a mixed form of force control training (with human-partner and device-assisted ones) implemented for the longer periods of time. This could bring a new quality to the process of manual therapist education.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of dry needle placement accuracy rates between two approaches targeting the gluteus medius osteotendinous junction in cadavers.","authors":"Bryan Dinh, James Dunning, Gary A Kearns, Laura Thorp, Casey Charlebois, Ian Young","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2515581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2515581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of two dry needling (DN) techniques in embalmed cadavers that are commonly used to target the gluteus medius osteotendinous junction (OTJ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven embalmed cadaveric specimens were placed in prone. Technique 1 used a needle insertion point that was measured 2 fingerbreadths superior and 3 fingerbreadths posteromedial to the greater trochanter (GT) apex using the donor's fingerbreadths. The needle insertion point for technique 2 involved locating a line between the GT apex and the sacro-coccygeal hiatus and estimating one-third of the distance from the GT. Using the entry point for each technique, a dry needle was then inserted in each body with an anterior and inferolateral angulation until contact with a boney backdrop was achieved. Dissections of the posterior hip muscles were then performed to confirm with a binary decision (yes/no) the needle tip location at the gluteus medius OTJ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In embalmed cadavers, the accuracy rate of the needle tip reaching the gluteus medius OTJ using Technique 1 (9 out of 10, 90%) was significantly higher (chi-squared test with Yates' correction = 9.800; <i>p</i> = 0.0017) than Technique 2 (1 out of 10, 10%).</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>Surface palpation of bony landmarks and a direction-specific fingerbreadth measurement is an appropriate method to locate the correct needle insertion point superomedial to the greater trochanter to reach the gluteus medius OTJ with a 90% accuracy rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of kinesio-tape and dry needling on pain, performance, and plantar fascia thickness in patients with plantar fasciitis: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Maryam Mokhtari, Fatemeh Ehsani, Hamid Reza Mokhtarinia, Rasoul Bagheri, Salimeh Mahmoudi","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2514128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2514128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Plantar Fasciitis (PF) is a common foot disorder. Kinesio Taping (KT) and dry needling (DN) are frequently used treatment options; however, their comparative efficacy remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of KT and DN on pain, functional performance, and plantar fascia thickness in patients with PF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-blinded randomized controlled trial, 52 PF patients (30 women and 22 men; mean age 45.3 ± 8.1 years) were randomly assigned to DN, KT, and control groups. All groups received routine physiotherapy five days per week. Pain, functional performance, and plantar fascia thickness were evaluated at three time points: before, immediately, and two weeks post-intervention. Assessments included the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) for performance, and ultrasonography for plantar fascia thickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VAS scores decreased significantly across all groups immediately post-intervention (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, no significant interaction effect was observed, indicating similar pain reduction trends among groups at the two-week follow-up. The mean VAS scores before the intervention were 6.53 ± 0.91 (DN group), 6.07 ± 1.10 (KT group), and 6.00 ± 1.51 (control group), and after the intervention were 4.20 ± 2.00 (DN group), 4.33 ± 1.87 (KT group), and 4.87 ± 2.16 (control group). Both KT and DN groups showed improvements in FAOS score (<i>p</i> < 0.02), with a significant time × group interaction effect favoring greater improvements in the DN group compared to the control group. A significant group effect was observed for D2 thickness, with the DN group showing a greater reduction compared to the KT and control groups (<i>p</i> < 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All interventions effectively reduced pain, improved performance, and decreased plantar fascia thickness in PF patients. DN demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing central plantar fascia thickness (D2) compared to KT.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maladaptive coping behaviors when presented with an acute lumbar lateral shift: a case study.","authors":"Kevin Percuoco, Keith Walder, Thomas Klopcic","doi":"10.1080/10669817.2025.2515580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2025.2515580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe the influence of maladaptive coping behaviors on the clinical presentation and management of an acute lumbar lateral shift.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 39-year-old male sought chiropractic care for acute low back pain with an associated lumbar lateral shift of three days duration. The symptoms had remained refractory to chiropractic care and medication provided by visits to the emergency room and an orthopedist. In response to the severity of symptoms, heightened cognitive and emotional factors propagated passive coping that resulted in bed rest and work absenteeism.</p><p><strong>Outcome: </strong>Providing an understanding of pain from a biopsychosocial perspective combined with self-management strategies involving the method of manual shift correction and graded exposure exercises decreased pain and catastrophizing in four visits over five days. The Revised Low Back Oswestry scored 82%, 0%, and 2% disability and the Yellow Flag Risk Form scored 96, 8, and 34 at intake, discharge and six months follow up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The method of manual shift correction is discussed as a favorable biomedical procedure for lumbar lateral shifts, with little attribution to the multidimensional nature of low back pain. This case depicts the influence of maladaptive coping behaviors on a lumbar lateral shift.</p>","PeriodicalId":47319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}