Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters最新文献_第2页

Secondary eyewall formation in upper- and lower-layer vertical wind shear simulated in idealized tropical cyclones 在理想化热带气旋中模拟的上层和下层垂直风切变中的二次眼球形成

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100465

Yixuan He , Qingqing Li , Yufan Dai

{"title":"Secondary eyewall formation in upper- and lower-layer vertical wind shear simulated in idealized tropical cyclones","authors":"Yixuan He , Qingqing Li , Yufan Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the characteristics of secondary eyewall formation (SEF) in idealized tropical cyclones embedded in vertical wind shear (VWS) at different heights. The results show that upper-layer VWS at a relatively low shear height is more favorable for SEF than upper-layer VWS at a relatively high shear height and lower-layer VWS. In the experiments with upper-layer VWS at a relatively low shear height, better-organized stratiform clouds are located in the downwind sector of outer rainbands. The low-level descending inflow associated with the stratiform sector is stronger in these experiments than in the experiments with upper-layer VWS at a relatively high shear height and lower-layer VWS. The enhanced descending inflow can trigger supergradient winds and convergence near the top of the boundary layer, close to three times the radius of the maximum wind, where convection is locally forced. The subsequent convection axisymmetrization leads to SEF.</div><div>摘要</div><div>不同高度垂直风切变下热带气旋外眼墙形成特征存在明显差异. 研究发现较低的高层切变比较高的高层切变和低层切变更有利于外眼墙形成. 结果表明, 较低的高层切变环境下外雨带下游的层云更具组织化, 与层云相关的下沉入流更强, 有利于在边界层上方三倍最大风半径附近产生更强的超梯度风和辐合, 有利于强迫出对流以及之后的轴对称化过程最终形成外眼墙.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139633965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives and challenges on the interaction between tropical cyclone precipitation and the ocean: A review 热带气旋降水与海洋相互作用的展望与挑战

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100573

Jiancheng Huang, Zhanhong Ma, Lei Liu, Xiangcheng Li, Tianli Jiang

{"title":"Perspectives and challenges on the interaction between tropical cyclone precipitation and the ocean: A review","authors":"Jiancheng Huang, Zhanhong Ma, Lei Liu, Xiangcheng Li, Tianli Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical cyclone–induced heavy precipitation (TCP) can have a detrimental impact on human productivity, causing significant economic losses and even human casualties in coastal countries every year. In this review article, the authors highlight the latest research developments in terms of ocean–atmosphere interactions and TCP, and identify the gaps where further research is required to enhance our understanding. The paper revolves around the following topics: (1) the characteristics of TCP over the ocean; (2) how air–sea interface processes, including sea surface temperature, sea-salt aerosols, and sea spray, influence TCP development; (3) the effects of TCP on the ocean; and (4) TCP changes in the context of global warming. In addition, directions and suggestions for future research toward a more comprehensive understanding of TCP–ocean interactions are discussed. Overall, this review summarizes the recent research progress and challenges in TCP–ocean interactions, and could serve as a guide for improvements in convective parameterization schemes and climate models toward predicting TCP distribution and intensity more accurately.</div><div>摘要</div><div>热带气旋引起的强降水 (TCP) 经常对人类生产生活产生不利影响, 每年给沿海国家造成重大经济损失和人员伤亡. 本综述重点梳理回顾了海气相互作用和热带气旋降水方面近年来的研究进展, 并指出了有待进一步研究的差距领域, 以增强对热带气旋降水的认识. 本文主要围绕以下主题展开: (1) 海洋上的TCP特征; (2) 海气界面过程 (海表面温度, 海盐气溶胶和海雾等) 如何影响TCP的发展; (3) TCP对海洋的影响; (4) 全球变暖背景下的TCP变化. 此外, 文章提出了结论性的方向和建议, 以期对TCP与海洋的相互作用有更全面的认识. 总体而言, 本文总结了近年来TCP与海洋相互作用的最新研究进展和面临的挑战, 可指导改进对流参数化方案和气候模型, 以更准确地预测TCP的分布和强度.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A regional ocean–atmosphere coupled model using CMA-TRAMS and LICOM: Preliminary results for tropical cyclone gale prediction over the northern South China Sea 基于cma - tram和LICOM的区域海-气耦合模式：南海北部热带气旋大风预报的初步结果

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100557

Ling Huang , Chunxia Liu , Yongqiang Yu , Liwei Zou

{"title":"A regional ocean–atmosphere coupled model using CMA-TRAMS and LICOM: Preliminary results for tropical cyclone gale prediction over the northern South China Sea","authors":"Ling Huang , Chunxia Liu , Yongqiang Yu , Liwei Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides a comparative analysis of the performance of a high-resolution regional ocean–atmosphere coupled model in predicting tropical cyclone (TC) gales over the northern South China Sea. The atmosphere and ocean components of the coupled system are represented by the China Meteorological Administration's Tropical Regional Atmosphere Model for the South China Sea (CMA-TRAMS) and the LASG/IAP Climate system Ocean Model (LICOM), respectively. The Ocean Atmosphere Sea Ice Soil VersionH 3 (OASIS3) software has been utilized for the exchange of momentum, heat, and freshwater fluxes between these two components. An assessment of the coupled model's three-day predictions for five TCs’ gales was conducted. Preliminary findings indicate that the predicted TC tracks show less sensitivity to oceanic influences than the predicted TC intensities. Significant improvement in predicting the surface TC gales has been achieved through coupling the ocean model. This improvement is attributed to the impact of the warmer ocean's effect on TC intensification, counteracting the cooling effect of the cold wake. In summary, coupling has enhanced the model's predictive capabilities for TC gales. A detailed assessment of the coupled model's performance in predicting other tropical weather phenomena is forthcoming.</div><div>摘要</div><div>本文对一个具有我国自主知识产权的高分辨率区域海气耦合模式在南海北部台风大风预报性能进行对比分析. 该耦合模式的大气和海洋部分分别为中国气象局南海台风模式 (CMA-TRAMS) 和中国科学院大气物理研究所的海洋模式 (LICOM), 并用OASIS耦合器实现海气界面动量, 热量和淡水通量的交换. 本文对海气耦合模式预报5个台风的24, 48和72小时大风的性能进行了检验评估. 初步结果表明, 预报的台风路径对海洋影响的敏感性低于台风强度. 耦合模式使预报台风大风的准确性得到显著提高, 这一改进归结于海气耦合模式更为准确的海表温度对台风增强的影响, 从而抵消了冷尾流的降温效应. 总而言之, 耦合模式增强了模式对台风大风的预报能力. 关于海气耦合模式在其他热带天气中的预报能力评估将在未来工作中展示.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between the geopotential height anomalies induced by tropical cyclones and the meridional movement of the western Pacific subtropical high 热带气旋引起的位势高度异常与西太平洋副热带高压经向运动的关系

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100560

Tianju Wang , Ju Wang

{"title":"Relationship between the geopotential height anomalies induced by tropical cyclones and the meridional movement of the western Pacific subtropical high","authors":"Tianju Wang , Ju Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study employs statistical analysis to investigate the relationship between the geopotential height anomalies induced by tropical cyclones (TCs) and the meridional movement of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), as well as the mechanisms through which TCs can induce such geopotential height anomalies. Results show that TCs can cause the WPSH to move northward, and the meridional motion of the WPSH ridgeline is related with the geopotential height anomalies, which is better indicated by the relative geopotential height anomalies. In the process of TCs causing the WPSH to move northward, the TCs cause abnormal horizonal warm (cold) advection and abnormal ascending (descending) motion in the region south (north) of 40°N. Since the influence of the abnormal vertical motion is weaker, the abnormal temperature tendency eventually shows a more consistent phase distribution with the abnormal horizonal temperature advection, which is favorable for the temperature to abnormally increase near 40°N. Such an abnormal increase in temperature causes the geopotential height to abnormally increase under the static equilibrium constraint, which further changes the location of the centroid of the WPSH geopotential height, and hence the location of the WPSH ridgeline changes as well.</div><div>摘要</div><div>本文采用统计分析方法, 讨论了热带气旋引起的位势高度异常与西太副高经向移动之间的关系, 并给出了可能机理. 研究表明, 热带气旋可导致西太副高向北移动, 这样的西太副高异常移动与相对位势高度异常的联系更加紧密. 其原因在于, 热带气旋在40°N附近引起了异常水平温度平流和异常垂直运动, 这对西太副高异常北移起到了重要作用. 但由于异常垂直运动的影响相对较弱, 使得异常温度倾向最终与异常水平温度平流更为一致, 导致40°N附近温度异常升高.这样温度异常升高在静力平衡约束下又导致位势高度异常升高, 最终使得西太副高的经向位置发生变化.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microphysical processes of the “21·7” Henan extremely heavy rainfall event as simulated with the Thompson microphysics scheme 用汤普森微物理方案模拟的河南 "21-7 "特大暴雨事件的微物理过程

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100480

Yue Dong , Qingqing Li

{"title":"Microphysical processes of the “21·7” Henan extremely heavy rainfall event as simulated with the Thompson microphysics scheme","authors":"Yue Dong , Qingqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A numerical simulation was performed using the Thompson microphysics scheme to preliminarily investigate the features of the microphysical processes involved in the record-breaking rainfall event that occurred in Henan Province, China, on 20 July 2021. The simulation results showed that a strong meso-<em>γ</em>-scale vortical updraft was concurrent with the torrential rainfall. The main finding is that this event was characterized by typical midlatitude warm-rain processes. The simulation with the Thompson microphysics scheme further indicated that highly efficient collision–coalescence of cloud water to rainwater resulted in a considerably active rain droplet growth, leading to this record-breaking rainfall event.</div><div>摘要</div><div>对2021年7月20日发生在河南郑州的一次极端降水事件进行了数值模拟. 模拟结果显示强烈的中-γ尺度旋转上升运动与极端降水同时出现. 研究进一步指出该极端降水事件表现为典型的中纬度暖雨降水过程, 基于Thompson方案的水凝物粒子混合比收支诊断结果表明这次极端降水事件主要由高效的碰并增长过程导致.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139828059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on global fire PM2.5 during 2000–2023 El Niño-Southern振荡对2000-2023年全球火灾PM2.5的影响

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2025.100597

Yonghang Hu, Xu Yue, Chenguang Tian

{"title":"Impacts of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on global fire PM2.5 during 2000–2023","authors":"Yonghang Hu, Xu Yue, Chenguang Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2025.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2025.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a key driver of global climate variability, profoundly influencing regional fire activities and associated pollutant emissions. This study investigates the impacts of ENSO on global fire emissions and fire-induced PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations in 2000–2023. During El Niño events, global fire emissions increase by 5.9 %–20.0 % with regional hotspots in Indonesia, North America, and Australia, driven by anomalous warming and rainfall deficits. In contrast, La Niña events result in a 3.2 %–9.9 % reduction in global fire emissions, with regional variability depending on the fire inventories used. In response, fire-induced PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations increase substantially during El Niño, rising by 27.5 %–71.0 % in Indonesia, 49.2 %–116.5 % in North America, and 17.5 %–42.6 % in Australia. Conversely, La Niña events lead to decreases of 26.6 %–52.5 %, 19.4 %–37.3 %, 14.5 %–24.4 % in these regions, respectively. These findings highlight the critical role of ENSO in shaping fire emissions and air pollution from regional to global scales, providing valuable insights for mitigating the impacts of climatic extremes on air quality.</div><div>摘要</div><div>厄尔尼诺-南方涛动 (ENSO) 是全球气候变化的主要驱动因素, 对区域火灾活动及其相关污染物排放有深远影响. 本研究分析了2000–2023年期间ENSO对全球火灾排放及火灾引起的PM<sub>2.5</sub>浓度的影响. 在厄尔尼诺事件期间, 由于异常增温和降水不足, 全球火灾排放增加5.9 %−20.0 %, 其中印度尼西亚, 北美和澳大利亚为火排放增幅最显著地区. 相比之下, 拉尼娜事件期间全球火灾排放减少3.2 %−9.9 %, 具体变化取决于所使用的火灾排放清单.在此背景下, 火灾引起的PM<sub>2.5</sub>浓度在厄尔尼诺事件期间显著增加, 印度尼西亚增加27.5 %−71.0 %, 北美增加49.2 %−116.5 %, 澳大利亚增加17.5 %−42.6 %; 而在拉尼娜事件期间, 这些地区的PM<sub>2.5</sub>浓度分别减少26.6 %−52.5 %, 19.4 %−37.3 %和14.5 %−24.4 %. 研究结果表明, ENSO从区域到全球尺度上深刻影响着火排放和空气污染物浓度, 相关结论为减缓极端气候事件对空气质量的影响提供了重要的科学依据.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing the key parameter to accelerate the recovery of AMOC under a rapid increase of greenhouse gas forcing 优化关键参数，在温室气体强迫迅速增加的情况下加速恢复 AMOC

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100509

Haolan Ren , Fei Zheng , Tingwei Cao , Qiang Wang

{"title":"Optimizing the key parameter to accelerate the recovery of AMOC under a rapid increase of greenhouse gas forcing","authors":"Haolan Ren , Fei Zheng , Tingwei Cao , Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) plays a central role in long-term climate variations through its heat and freshwater transports, which can collapse under a rapid increase of greenhouse gas forcing in climate models. Previous studies have suggested that the deviation of model parameters is one of the major factors in inducing inaccurate AMOC simulations. In this work, with a low-resolution earth system model, the authors try to explore whether a reasonable adjustment of the key model parameter can help to re-establish the AMOC after its collapse. Through a new optimization strategy, the extra freshwater flux (FWF) parameter is determined to be the dominant one affecting the AMOC's variability. The traditional ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) data assimilation and new machine learning methods are adopted to optimize the FWF parameter in an abrupt 4×CO<sub>2</sub> forcing experiment to improve the adaptability of model parameters and accelerate the recovery of AMOC. The results show that, under an abrupt 4×CO<sub>2</sub> forcing in millennial simulations, the AMOC will first collapse and then re-establish by the default FWF parameter slowly. However, during the parameter adjustment process, the saltier and colder sea water over the North Atlantic region are the dominant factors in usefully improving the adaptability of the FWF parameter and accelerating the recovery of AMOC, according to their physical relationship with FWF on the interdecadal timescale.</div><div>摘要</div><div>大西洋经向翻转环流 (Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, AMOC) 通过其经向的热量和水团输送, 在气候变化中起着关键作用. 然而, 气候模式模拟未来AMOC在温室气体强迫下的变化存在较大不确定性. 模式参数的不确定性是导致AMOC产生不确定性的主要因素之一. 因此, 本文采用简化的海气耦合模式首先探寻出模式中AMOC的最敏感参数为淡水通量系数 (Freshwater Flux, FWF), 再基于集合最优插值 (Ensemble Optimal Interpolation, EnOI) 探讨通过参数优化减小温室气体强迫下AMOC模拟不确定性的可行方案. 理想试验揭示了, 北大西洋海表温度和海表盐度在温室气体强迫下的增量可以有效地优化FWF, 进而使得AMOC相比默认参数能快速收敛, 减小其在未来气候预估中的不确定性.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interannual variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation over the northwestern Pacific influenced by the Pacific Meridional Mode 受太平洋经向模式影响的西北太平洋北方夏季季内振荡的年际变化

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100492

Haoyu Zhou, Pang-Chi Hsu, Lin Chen, Yitian Qian

{"title":"Interannual variability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation over the northwestern Pacific influenced by the Pacific Meridional Mode","authors":"Haoyu Zhou, Pang-Chi Hsu, Lin Chen, Yitian Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the boreal summer, intraseasonal oscillations exhibit significant interannual variations in intensity over two key regions: the central-western equatorial Pacific (5°S–5°N, 150°E–150°W) and the subtropical Northwestern Pacific (10°–20°N, 130°E–175°W). The former is well-documented and considered to be influenced by the ENSO, while the latter has received comparatively less attention and is likely influenced by the Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM), as suggested by partial correlation analysis results. To elucidate the physical processes responsible for the enhanced (weakened) intraseasonal convection over the subtropical northwestern Pacific during warm (cold) PMM years, the authors employed a moisture budget analysis. The findings reveal that during warm PMM years, there is an increase in summer-mean moisture over the subtropical northwestern Pacific. This increase interacts with intensified vertical motion perturbations in the region, leading to greater vertical moisture advection in the lower troposphere and consequently resulting in convective instability. Such a process is pivotal in amplifying intraseasonal convection anomalies. The observational findings were further verified by model experiments forced by PMM-like sea surface temperature patterns.</div><div>摘要</div><div>在北半球夏季, 西北太平洋地区的季节内振荡在两个主要区域呈现出显著的年际变率: 一个区域是赤道太平洋中西部 (5°S–5°N, 150°E–150°W), 另一区域为副热带西北太平洋 (10°–20°N, 130°E–175°W). 通过偏相关分析, 揭示了前者受到厄尔尼诺–南方涛动 (ENSO) 的影响, 而后者与太平洋经向模态 (PMM) 有关. 利用水汽方程诊断, 探讨了在PMM暖 (冷) 年期间, 副热带西北太平洋季节内对流活动增强 (减弱) 的物理过程. 结果表明, 在PMM暖年, 副热带西北太平洋地区的季节平均水汽增加与季节内垂直扰动的增强相互作用, 导致了对流层低层水汽垂直输送的增加, 进而引发对流不稳定性的增强, 促使季节内对流活动增强. 这一发现在以PMM海温为驱动的全球环流模式试验中也得到了验证.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 100492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140399719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia 卫星遥感揭示了亚洲森林受干扰后的巨大恢复力

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100511

Yiying Zhu , Hesong Wang , Anzhi Zhang

{"title":"Satellite remote sensing reveals overwhelming recovery of forest from disturbances in Asia","authors":"Yiying Zhu , Hesong Wang , Anzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest ecosystems play key roles in mitigating human-induced climate change through enhanced carbon uptake; however, frequently occurring climate extremes and human activities have considerably threatened the stability of forests. At the same time, detailed accounts of disturbances and forest responses are not yet well quantified in Asia. This study employed the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend method—an abrupt-change detection method—to analyze the Enhanced Vegetation Index time series in East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. This approach allowed us to detect forest disturbance and quantify the resilience after disturbance. Results showed that 20 % of forests experienced disturbance with an increasing trend from 2000 to 2022, and Southeast Asian countries were more severely affected by disturbances. Specifically, 95 % of forests had robust resilience and could recover from disturbance within a few decades. The resilience of forests suffering from greater magnitude of disturbance tended to be stronger than forests with lower disturbance magnitude. In summary, this study investigated the resilience of forests across the low and middle latitudes of Asia over the past two decades. The authors found that most forests exhibited good resilience after disturbance and about two-thirds had recovered to a better state in 2022. The findings of this study underscore the complex relationship between disturbance and resilience, contributing to comprehension of forest resilience through satellite remote sensing.</div><div>摘要</div><div>目前对于亚洲森林在应对气候变化和人类活动干扰方面的研究相对较少. 本研究利用BFAST突变检测方法, 分析了东亚, 南亚和东南亚的增强植被指数 (EVI) 长时间序列中检测到的森林扰动和恢复情况. 结果显示, 2000年至2022年期间, 约20%的森林经历了扰动, 且受到扰动的森林面积呈增加趋势, 东南亚国家受扰动的影响更为严重. 在扰动事件发生后, 95%的森林具有较好的恢复能力, 能够在受到扰动后的一段时间后恢复过来, 其中约有三分之二的森林在2022年时已经恢复到了较扰动前更好的状态.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140764371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal forecast of the 2014/15 marine heatwave in the Northeast Pacific Ocean 海洋数据同化对东北太平洋 2014/15 年海洋热浪季节性预报的影响

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100498

Tiantian Tang, Jiaying He, Huihang Sun, Jingjia Luo

{"title":"Impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal forecast of the 2014/15 marine heatwave in the Northeast Pacific Ocean","authors":"Tiantian Tang, Jiaying He, Huihang Sun, Jingjia Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A remarkable marine heatwave, known as the “Blob”, occurred in the Northeast Pacific Ocean from late 2013 to early 2016, which displayed strong warm anomalies extending from the surface to a depth of 300 m. This study employed two assimilation schemes based on the global Climate Forecast System of Nanjing University of Information Science (NUIST-CFS 1.0) to investigate the impact of ocean data assimilation on the seasonal prediction of this extreme marine heatwave. The sea surface temperature (SST) nudging scheme assimilates SST only, while the deterministic ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) scheme assimilates observations from the surface to the deep ocean. The latter notably improves the forecasting skill for subsurface temperature anomalies, especially at the depth of 100–300 m (the lower layer), outperforming the SST nudging scheme. It excels in predicting both horizontal and vertical heat transport in the lower layer, contributing to improved forecasts of the lower-layer warming during the Blob. These improvements stem from the assimilation of subsurface observational data, which are important in predicting the upper-ocean conditions. The results suggest that assimilating ocean data with the EnKF scheme significantly enhances the accuracy in predicting subsurface temperature anomalies during the Blob and offers better understanding of its underlying mechanisms.</div><div>摘要</div><div>2013年底至2016年初, 东北太平洋上发生了历史上罕见的极端海洋热浪事件 (称为“Blob”事件) , 形成了从海表延伸至海洋深处300m的强烈且持续的海温暖异常. 本文利用南京信息工程大学全球气候预测系统1.0版本 (NUIST-CFS 1.0) , 采用两种海洋资料同化方案, 探究海洋资料同化差异对这一极端海洋热浪事件季节预测的影响. 本文采用的一种同化方案为仅同化海表面温度 (Surface sea temperature, SST) 的SST-nudging方案, 而另一种方案为在前一种方案的基础上加入确定性集合卡尔曼滤波 (Deterministic Ensemble Kalman Filter, DEnKF) , 同化更多海洋观测数据的EnKF方案. 主要结论为, 利用EnKF方案可显著提高对“Blob”期间次表层温度异常预测的准确性, 这主要源于EnKF方案在预测次表层的水平和垂直热传输方面表现出色. 该研究有助于更好地理解海洋热浪事件潜在物理机制及其季节预测水平.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 100498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0