Applied Nanoscience最新文献

{"title":"In situ manipulation of electron beam irradiation-activated nanoscale tips formation from amorphous and metal modified silica nanowires","authors":"Imran Khan,&nbsp;Andrzej M. Żak,&nbsp;S. M. Sohail Gilani,&nbsp;Jinshen Lan,&nbsp;Shengli Huang","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03110-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03110-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Escalating use of amorphous silica nanowires (a-SiO_x NWs) in potential applications demonstrates the demand of novel processing techniques at nanoscale. Due to the imperfect structure and porous morphology, a-SiO_x NWs can be metal-modified which allows for electrical conduction under visible light. Unfortunately, their brittle nature at room temperature and nanometric-size make it demanding to precisely process and change shape from an elongated fiber to a sharply pointed tip. Here energetic electron beam (e-beam) irradiation of a-SiO_x and a-SiO_x NWs with gold-nanoparticles (Au-NPs) (Au–SiO_x NWs) is performed to develop diverse shaped nanoscale tips by optimizing e-beam parameters. Sharp amorphous tips (6 and 11 nm), extremely sharp Au-tips (4 and 6 nm), and relatively thick (16 and 18 nm) amorphous tips with average lengths of 50, 30, and 20 nm are formed at the centers of a-SiO_x and Au–SiO_x NWs when a tightly focused e-beam with beam spot size (~ 42 nm) equal to the diameters of NWs is centered at their axes and edge positions respectively. Au-tips thickening (4 or 6 to 22 nm) with reduction (20–16 nm) in length is observed when a uniform e-beam with beam spot size ~ 200 nm is employed. In-situ electron microscopy evaluation demonstrates that during e-beam processing, evaporation, diffusion, plastic flow, and dewetting are driven by positive curvature and e-beam activation effect. The combination of beam spot size and position can be used to tailor atomically sharp tips for wide applications, such as interconnects, biochemical sensing, scanning near-field optical microscopes, blue light emitters, and manipulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of silver nanoparticle composites from Aloe barbadensis miller and Cymbopogon citratus","authors":"B. Dhanvandhini,&nbsp;M. Sakthi Priya,&nbsp;A. Jagadeeswaran","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03108-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03108-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rising threat of antimicrobial resistance in animal health necessitates the development of effective and sustainable alternatives to conventional antibiotics. The present study was taken up to explore the synergistic antibacterial potential of composite silver nanoparticles synthesized using <i>Aloe barbadensis miller</i> and <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i>. Phytochemical analysis was performed using the aqueous extracts of the selected plants. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the respective plant extracts and different composites ratios of synthesized nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and inverted microscopy. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and antimicrobial efficacy of the test compounds was evaluated against common field isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Phytochemical analysis revealed bioactive compounds saponins, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, proteins, glycosides and essential oils. Visible observation of color changes and UV–visible spectra exhibited plasmon peaks at 409 nm and 410 nm for individual plant AgNPs and composite at 418 nm. SEM showed spherical AgNPs with uniform distribution. DLS revealed average size of 50 nm. Inverted microscopy showed concentric ring structures. MIC showed appreciable inhibition and ABST using disk diffusion (Bauer-Kirby) revealed substantial zones of inhibition against above bacterial isolates. These findings suggest composite green nanoparticles could be a promising alternative for combating bacterial infections in animals upon confirming its efficacy on different clinical cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct electrospraying of chitosan-plasmid nanoparticles enhances transformation efficiency compared to the conventional heat-shock method","authors":"Mohsen Abedi Ostad,&nbsp;Fatemeh Oroojalian,&nbsp;Elham Sharifian,&nbsp;Amir Amani,&nbsp;Roghaye Arezumand","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03102-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03102-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Utilizing an effective transformation method is fundamental in genetic and gene delivery studies. In this study, electrospray was evaluated as a simple, cost-effective and highly efficient approach for preparing monodispersed chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) carrying plasmid DNA (pDNA) and delivering them to bacteria. CS/pDNA NPs were prepared at three N/P ratios (molar ratio of chitosan nitrogens to DNA phosphates) of 3, 5, and 10. Size of nanoparticles was obtained as 323, 333, and 399 nm, respectively, using DLS. <i>E. coli</i> was made competent using CaCl₂ or CaCl₂–MgCl₂. Then, preformed CS/pDNA NPs, prepared using electrospray, were added to the heat-shocked bacteria. Alternatively, CS and pDNA solutions were mixed and directly electrosprayed on the bacteria. The results showed that direct electrospray of the particles provided more efficient transformation compared with transformation using heat shock (i.e. preformed NPs). Also, N/P ratios of 5 and 3 had maximum transformation efficiency when using heat shock (i.e. mean ± SD 1.23 ± 0.13 × 10⁷ CFU/µg on CaCl₂–MgCl₂-made competent bacteria) and direct electrospray (i.e. mean ± SD 8.79 (0.12) × 10⁹ CFU/µg on CaCl₂-made competent bacteria), respectively. Furthermore, the use of MgCl₂–CaCl₂ for making the bacteria competent proved more efficient than CaCl₂ alone in the transformation process. The findings highlight electrospray as a cost-effective alternative for bacterial transformation technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial potential of polymer-based bio-nanocomposites using infrared thermography and molecular Insilico of SnO2 against pathogens","authors":"Bashaer S. Faris,&nbsp;Basaad H. Hamza,&nbsp;Ahmed N. Abd","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03107-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03107-9","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The use of green synthesis allowed for the creation of nanocomposite samples utilizing celery extract. PMMA was dissolved in acetone and then added to the synthesized SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% µl. This was done after the SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; was the result of the synthesis process. The names S1, S2, S3, and S4 have been assigned to these concentrations. Bio nanoparticles/polymer nanocomposite measurements employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) showed that the fourth concentration (S4) had the highest antibacterial activity, making it the most effective formulation. XRD reveals the tetragonal rutile phase structure in SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles prepared by green synthesis method. The agglomeration effect and particle sizes cause this. TEM showed nanoparticles dispersed throughout the polymer with occasional agglomerations. Nanoscale dispersion was evident in the average particle size of 16.89 nm. FTIR study showed no chemical interaction because no new peaks formed and both SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and PMMA’s distinctive peaks remained constant. This implies that the compounds did not collide. The fact that the polymer was not dissolved in the SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is demonstrated by this fact, indicating that the mixing was entirely physical, as the SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; peak at 610 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; shows no chemical changes in the material. The energy gap of this material can reach 3.85 eV, and its optical characteristics are better. Heat adaption allows the system to adjust to thermal imaging temperature variations. Higher thermal imaging temperatures reduce thermal stress and polymer expansion, indicating stability. Resistance to stretching and strain integrity indicate mechanical and thermal stability. Controlling thermal expansion in prosthetics prevents material deformation and ensures structural reliability. Tin dioxide (SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) was tested on &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus epidermidis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/i&gt; active site residues using molecular docking. &lt;i&gt;C. albicans&lt;/i&gt; had the lowest binding affinity (−6.1464 kcal/mol) and &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; the highest. Due to hydrogen-ion interactions, the bond was maintained. Medical and thermal applications like biothermal imaging and prostheses could benefit from SnO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-PMMA. This work fills a literature gap, proving its originality. Heat and mechanical stability without chemical reaction from celery extract with thermography for green PMMA polymer nanocomposites. Additionally, integrating in vitro testing and molecular docking to understand the microbial mechanism at the molecular level boosts the potential of these materials for medical applications, notably prostheses, which","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative FeS@Se nanostructures via pulsed laser ablation to enhance the heterojunction performance of FeS/Si photodetectors","authors":"Mohammed J. Mohammed Ali,&nbsp;Nour A. Abdulkhaleq,&nbsp;Basaad H. Hamza,&nbsp;Ahmed N. Abd","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03103-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03103-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effects of selenium (Se) incorporation on iron sulfide (FeS) nanoparticles synthesized via pulsed laser ablation and evaluates its impact on the performance of n-FeS/p-Si heterojunction photodetectors. The structural, morphological, optical, and chemical properties of both FeS and FeS@Se thin films were systematically analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that both films possess a hexagonal structure, with average crystallite sizes of 54.98 nm for FeS and 57.53 nm for FeS@Se. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging revealed that FeS has a well-dispersed nanosheet morphology, with an average particle size of 62.15 nm. In contrast, FeS@Se displayed wire-like nanostructures composed of 2D nanosheet, resulting in a larger average particle size of 105 nm. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis supported these observations, showing an increase in average grain size from 81 nm for FeS to 300 nm for FeS@Se. The optical band gap decreased slightly from 2.8 eV for FeS to 2.7 eV for FeS@Se, indicating enhanced light absorption. FTIR spectroscopy revealed bond stretching frequencies for FeS at 697 and 700 <span>({hbox {cm}}^{-1})</span>, while Se-related bonds could not be distinctly identified due to overlapping frequency ranges. The incorporation of selenium (Se) significantly improved the performance of the photodetector. The responsivity increased from 0.18 A/W at 450 nm for iron sulfide (FeS) to 0.41 A/W at 550 nm for FeS@Se. Additionally, the detectivity improved from <span>(1.08 times 10^{10})</span> Jones to <span>(2.39 times 10^{10})</span> Jones. These results demonstrate the potential of incorporating Se to advance FeS-based photodetector technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fritillaria cirrhosa derived bio silver nanoparticles based nanobiopesticide: an effective antifungal agent against cobweb disease in mushroom crop","authors":"Humairah Tabasum,&nbsp;Mohsina Mushtaq,&nbsp;Tariq Ahmad Sofi,&nbsp;Junaid Ahmad Paul,&nbsp;Basharat Ahmad Bhat,&nbsp;Akhtar H. Malik,&nbsp;Jigneshkumar V. Rohit","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03109-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03109-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global population growth demands quality food, prompting increased use of agrochemicals to boost agricultural productivity. However, balancing the benefits and risks of these chemicals is crucial to protecting ecosystems and ensuring food security, highlighting the need for sustainable disease management methods, including bio control agents. The continuous search for environmentally friendly pesticides and sustainable methods has led to the investigation of plant- derived bionanoparticles that can be called ‘nanobiopesticides’. Their enhanced pesticidal characteristics and regulated release make them promising options for crop protection applications. In this investigation, we sought the use of plant <i>Fritillaria cirrhosa</i> derived bio silver nanoparticles (FC-bAgNPs) and their application as nanobiopesticide. For the production of stable FC-bAgNPs, the effects of the extract amount and concentration of silver salt were all optimized at the laboratory level. UV–visible spectrum analysis, which revealed a distinct surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 450 nm, was used to confirm that bAgNPs had been photo fabricated using plant extract of <i>F</i>.<i> cirrhosa</i>. The functional groups, shape, size and stabilization of FC-bAgNPs were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The practical applicability of developed FC-bAgNPs based nanobiopesticides has been checked by screening their antifungal activity against <i>Cladobotryum dendroides</i>, a fungal spice responsible for cobweb disease in commercially cultivated mushrooms. The results showed that the prepared nanobiopesticide effectively controlled fungal growth in the tested samples. Overall, this study provided evidence that the developed FC-bAgNPs successfully acted as an environment-friendly nanobiopesticide to combat fungal disease in mushroom crop. This research is a very important development in the way to achieve the goal of sustainable agriculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145145600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption ability of graphitic carbon nitride C6N6 toward temozolomide and thalidomide drugs: a DFT study","authors":"Gaëlle Jouonang Létché,&nbsp;Gervais Ndongo Kounou,&nbsp;Vincent de Paul Zoua,&nbsp;Aymard Didier Tamafo Fouégué,&nbsp;Rahman Abdoul Ntieche,&nbsp;Guy Bertrand Noumi","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03105-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03105-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>DFT/wB97XD/6-311G(d,p) theoretical level is used herein to probe the adsorption ability of the 2D g-C₆N₆ nanomaterial toward thalidomide (TLD) and temozolomide (TMZ) drugs. Thereby, parameters like adsorption and Gibbs free energies describing the interaction between the adsorbent and each analyte, as well as topological analyses, and electronic parameters are determined in both gas and water phases. Our findings revealed that g-C₆N₆ can adsorb both drugs through an exergonic reaction, the molecular complex of TMZ being the most stable with an adsorption energy of −30.85 kcal/mol. Furthermore, only vdW type interactions are identified between the adsorbent and each drug during the adsorption process. The value of the change in the HOMO–LUMO energy gap of the adsorbent upon adsorption shows that unlike TMZ, the nanomaterial is seemingly not sensitive to TLD. This observation is further confirmed by the density of states of the nanomaterial which are almost not affected by the adsorption of TLD, unlike that of TMZ. These outcomes suggest that g-C₆N₆ is likely to adsorb TMZ but is unlikely to be used for the detection the TLD drug.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pioneering action of photocatalytic and antibacterial behaviors of BaSnO3/rGO/Ag nanocomposites","authors":"Magesh Subramaniyan,&nbsp;G. Gnanamoorthy,&nbsp;M. Rajarajan,&nbsp;S. Munusamy,&nbsp;S. Shreedevi","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03097-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03097-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, designed materials consist of efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable photocatalysts that alleviate the constant crisis of environmental pollution for enormous interest. Hither, synthesized a new classification of perovskite-type BaSnO₃/rGO/Ag nanocomposites by hydrothermal method. The structure and morphology of the samples were investigated through XRD, FT-IR, Raman, diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–Vis DRS), and SEM morphological analyses. XRD results revealed that BaSnO₃ has a cubic crystalline phase. SEM morphological analysis of BaSnO₃/rGO/Ag nanocomposites exhibits a swing-dangle toy-like structure. The calculated band gap energies of BaSnO₃, BaSnO₃/rGO, and BaSnO₃/rGO/Ag nanocomposites are 3.4 eV, 3.3 eV, and 3.06 eV, respectively, indicating the enhanced efficiency of the BaSnO₃/rGO/Ag nanocomposites. The M–O vibrational modes were confirmed in the range of 400 to 700 cm⁻¹ and were further utilized in degradation studies, achieving 88% degradation within 80 minutes for the final sample. Moreover, the synthesized samples were tested for photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities. This research may provide some insights into the design of practical nano-photocatalytic and antibacterial materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of silver nanoparticles synthesized via Gracilaria corticata, Citrus limon, and NaBH₄: mechanistic, optical, and functional insights","authors":"Abhina K P,&nbsp;Fathima Shafeequa U,&nbsp;Jovana Johnson,&nbsp;Savitha Rabeque C,&nbsp;Sobha A","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03104-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03104-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Gracilaria corticata</i> extract was conducted and compared with AgNPs synthesized chemically (NaBH₄) and phytogenically (<i>Citrus limon</i>). All syntheses were performed without surfactants or synthetic stabilizers. The <i>G. corticata</i>-AgNPs exhibited a red-shifted SPR peak (433 nm), broader size distribution (25–38 nm), and predominantly spherical morphology with occasional faceted features, consistent with Mie theory predictions. Photoluminescence quenching and UV–Vis analysis indicated enhanced charge separation and light-harvesting potential. Functionally, these AgNPs achieved &gt; 90% degradation of methylene blue (certified dye, ≥ 82%) under sunlight and showed strong antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Citrobacter koseri</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (zone of inhibition up to 20.3 mm). This study provides mechanistic and functional insights into marine algal-mediated AgNP synthesis and highlights its advantages for sustainable biomedical and environmental applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encapsulation of polyphenol-rich black raspberry in sodium alginate gel: a natural antimicrobial and antioxidant approach against dental pathogens","authors":"Sanaa Almowallad,&nbsp;Yasmene F. Alanazi","doi":"10.1007/s13204-025-03099-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-025-03099-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluates the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of sodium alginate (SA) gels loaded with polyphenol-rich extracts from <i>Rubus occidentalis</i> (black raspberry) leaves, targeting <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus,</i> two primary pathogens involved in dental caries. Extracts prepared using acetone, chloroform, and methanol were analyzed using HPLC and GC–MS, revealing that the methanol extract contained the highest levels of gallic acid (5.62 µg/mL), chlorogenic acid (17.24 µg/mL), and catechin (47.83 µg/mL). Antioxidant activity, assessed via DPPH assay, showed the methanol extract achieved the lowest IC₅₀ value (110.5 µg/mL), compared to acetone (400.5 µg/mL) and chloroform (238.0 µg/mL). The methanol extract showed the strongest effect in antibacterial assays, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 32 µg/mL for <i>L. acidophilus</i> and 125 µg/mL for <i>S. mutans</i>. When encapsulated in SA gel, the methanol extract formulation demonstrated the largest zones of inhibition (23 ± 2.14 mm for <i>S. mutans</i> and 25 ± 3.01 mm for <i>L. acidophilus</i>), along with superior antioxidant values (ABTS: 251.3 ± 4.32 µmol Trolox/g; FRAP: 118.62 ± 1.68 µmol Fe(II)/g). Results of confocal laser scanning microscopy examination confirmed a significant biofilm disruption. These findings highlight the potential of methanol-extracted polyphenols from <i>R. occidentalis</i> leaves, particularly when delivered via SA gel, as a natural therapeutic for oral infection control and dental biofilm inhibition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}