Applied Nanoscience最新文献_第2页

Cold plasma-assisted nano-structuring of basil aqueous extract: physicochemical characterization and enhanced antibacterial activity for meat preservation 冷等离子体辅助罗勒水萃取物的纳米结构：物理化学特性和增强的肉类保鲜抗菌活性

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03180-8

Narjis Safaa Mula, Amera M. Alrubeii, Nisreen Kh. Abdalameer

{"title":"Cold plasma-assisted nano-structuring of basil aqueous extract: physicochemical characterization and enhanced antibacterial activity for meat preservation","authors":"Narjis Safaa Mula, Amera M. Alrubeii, Nisreen Kh. Abdalameer","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03180-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03180-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cold plasma-assisted nano-structuring was employed as a green and efficient approach to enhance the physicochemical and antibacterial properties of aqueous basil extract. A non-thermal micro-jet plasma system was used to convert conventional basil extract into a stable nano-aqueous extract under atmospheric conditions. Structural characterization revealed significant plasma-induced modifications, including changes in functional groups, increased oxygen-containing species, and improved surface activation. Morphological analyses confirmed successful nano-transformation through particle size reduction, improved particle dispersion, and decreased aggregation. AFM measurements showed a reduction in the average particle size from 123.7 nm to 70.7 nm after plasma treatment. The nano-aqueous basil extract also exhibited enhanced surface roughness and particle density compared with the conventional extract. These physicochemical modifications resulted in improved antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones increasing from 16 to 21 mm and from 17 to 22 mm, respectively. The enhanced antibacterial performance is attributed to the combined effects of nanoscale particle size, increased surface activity, and plasma-induced surface functionalization. Overall, cold plasma-assisted nano-structuring represents a promising strategy for improving the functionality of natural plant extracts and their potential application in meat preservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid CuSbSe₂ microrod and 2D material heterojunction for high-performance broadband photodetection 用于高性能宽带光探测的杂化CuSbSe 2微棒和2D材料异质结

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03179-1

M. Irshad Ahamed, M. Suganthi Priya, Saahira Banu Ahamed, C. Mathuvanesan

{"title":"Hybrid CuSbSe₂ microrod and 2D material heterojunction for high-performance broadband photodetection","authors":"M. Irshad Ahamed, M. Suganthi Priya, Saahira Banu Ahamed, C. Mathuvanesan","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03179-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03179-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, a CuSbSe₂/MoS₂ hybrid heterojunction broadband photodetector is fabricated and its optoelectronic performance is evaluated. The device is fabricated by incorporating solution-processed CuSbSe₂ microrods with several-layer MoS₂ film that are assembled into a Type-II p–n heterojunction structure to facilitate the efficient photon absorption, charge separation and fast charge transport. The hybrid photodetector showed a high peak responsivity of 1.08 ± 0.09 AW⁻¹ and an external quantum efficiency of 86 ± 7% when illuminated by 450 nm light. To our knowledge, this is one of the highest responsivity values recorded for CuSbSe₂ based photodetectors, and is about 10 times greater than that of previously reported CuSbSe₂ single-crystal devices when tested using the same optoelectronic conditions. The response curve was found to be broadband (300–1300 nm) with measurable response even close to the cutoff wavelength (1280 ± 20 nm). The temporal rise and decay times were measured to be 0.48 ± 0.05 and 0.52 ± 0.06 ms, respectively, which were considered as the fast temporal response of the device. Furthermore, the dark current is less than 5 nA, and the noise equivalent power is about <span>(:1times:{10}^{-13}text{hspace{0.17em}W}/sqrt{text{Hz}})</span>, indicating the photodetector has a high sensitivity and low-power operation. The enhanced properties are believed to be due to the CuSbSe₂/MoS₂ interface band alignment and the built-in electric field which prevents recombination and increases carrier extraction. The results show the feasibility of CuSbSe₂/MoS₂ hybrid structures for low-power and high sensitivity broadband photodetectors applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dimensionality-dependent band gap, refractive index, and reflectivity of InSb and PdSe₂ nanostructures InSb和PdSe 2纳米结构的带隙、折射率和反射率的维数依赖性

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03178-2

Rasha Mushtaq Hashim, Saeed Naif Turki Al-Rashid

{"title":"Dimensionality-dependent band gap, refractive index, and reflectivity of InSb and PdSe₂ nanostructures","authors":"Rasha Mushtaq Hashim, Saeed Naif Turki Al-Rashid","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03178-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03178-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the size- and dimensionality-dependent optical properties of PdSe₂ and InSb nanostructures using a cohesive-energy-based model combined with band-gap, refractive-index, and reflectivity relations. Three structural regimes were considered: 0D quantum dots, 1D nanowires/nanotubes, and 2D layered nanosheets. The results show that the band gap decreases with increasing particle size, nanowire diameter, or layer number, reflecting the weakening of quantum confinement and the transition toward bulk-like behavior. In contrast, the refractive index and reflectivity increase with structural size because of the inverse relationship between band gap and optical polarizability. PdSe₂ generally exhibits larger band-gap values, whereas InSb shows relatively higher refractive-index and reflectivity values in larger structures due to its narrow bulk band gap. The model predictions show reasonable agreement with available experimental and theoretical data, particularly for band-gap trends, while deviations in refractive index and reflectivity are attributed to the empirical nature of the Moss and Fresnel relations and the absence of wavelength-dependent, anisotropic, and surface-related effects. The results demonstrate that the cohesive-energy approach can provide a useful comparative framework for describing dimensionality-dependent optical trends in semiconductor nanostructures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Broadband EMI shielding performance (100 MHz—12 GHz) of diverse materials 不同材料的宽带EMI屏蔽性能（100 MHz-12 GHz）

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03175-5

Chikkala Rakesh, Nishant Kumar

{"title":"Broadband EMI shielding performance (100 MHz—12 GHz) of diverse materials","authors":"Chikkala Rakesh, Nishant Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03175-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03175-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a data-driven predictive model for estimating Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding Effectiveness (SE) over a frequency range of 100 MHz to 12 GHz. A hybrid modelling method was developed that uses both material-specific parameterization and frequency–response correlations. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique was employed for model calibration, resulting in a linear model as a function of frequency. The framework was implemented in MATLAB and tested using six independent experimental datasets like conventional metals (copper, aluminium, steel, silver) and advanced materials (graphene, carbon composites). The dataset was randomly split into 70% training data and 30% testing data. Furthermore, tenfold cross-validation was applied during the training phase to enhance model reliability and minimize overfitting. The framework achieved a mean coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.762 ± 0.098 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.79 ± 0.68 dB on held-out test data. Graphene-based materials exhibited the highest predictability (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.914, RMSE = 1.12 dB), while aluminium and steel showed moderate accuracy (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.65). The 95% confidence interval for mean R<sup>2</sup> was [0.683, 0.840]. The complete code and datasets are provided as supplementary materials to ensure reproducibility and facilitate community-driven improvement. This validated computational tool enables rapid EMI shielding material selection for 5G/6G communications, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and weight-constrained aerospace systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innovative hybrid hydrothermal-biosynthesis of nanostructured ZnS from garlic-derived sulfur 以大蒜衍生硫为原料的新型杂化水热生物合成纳米结构ZnS

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03162-w

Claudia J. Bahena-Martínez, Nayely Torres-Gómez, Domingo I. Garcia-Gutiérrez, Alfredo R. Vilchis-Nestor

{"title":"Innovative hybrid hydrothermal-biosynthesis of nanostructured ZnS from garlic-derived sulfur","authors":"Claudia J. Bahena-Martínez, Nayely Torres-Gómez, Domingo I. Garcia-Gutiérrez, Alfredo R. Vilchis-Nestor","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03162-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03162-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is a widely used semiconductor with applications across various fields, prompting the need for environmentally friendly synthesis routes. Here, we present a hybrid hydrothermal–biosynthetic approach for the fabrication of nanostructured ZnS using garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i>) as a natural sulfur source. Reactions were carried out at 160 °C for 1, 7, and 24 h. Structural, compositional, morphological and thermal analyses confirmed the formation of blende-phase ZnS nanostructures with distinct morphologies: quasi-spherical particles (Eg 3.95 eV) at 1 h, core–shell structures (Eg 3.6 eV) at 7 h, and a mixture of quasi-spherical ZnS (Eg 3.7 eV) and biomass-derived particles at 24 h. A mechanism for particle formation and growth is proposed based on experimental evidence. Photocatalytic tests showed an enhanced photocatalytic response in the sample at 7 h, achieving 56% degradation of methylene blue under near-visible irradiation (395 nm). This sustainable hybrid method demonstrates the potential of garlic-based biosynthesis for producing functional semiconductor nanomaterials with tunable properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of mixing ratio and annealing on the structural and morphological properties of spin-coated PPy/Alq3 composite thin films for photovoltaic applications 混合比和退火对光伏用自旋涂覆PPy/Alq3复合薄膜结构和形态性能的影响

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-22 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03176-4

Mustafa M. A. Hussein, Lamia K. Abbas, Ameer F. Abdulameer, Raied K. Jamal

{"title":"Influence of mixing ratio and annealing on the structural and morphological properties of spin-coated PPy/Alq3 composite thin films for photovoltaic applications","authors":"Mustafa M. A. Hussein, Lamia K. Abbas, Ameer F. Abdulameer, Raied K. Jamal","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03176-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03176-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polypyrrole (PPy) and aluminum(8-hydroxyquinolineate) (Alq3) are both promising materials in the field of organic electronics. PPy is characterized by high electrical conductivity and good environmental stability, while Alq3 is known for its excellent optical properties and is one of the most common materials used in the fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). This research focuses on the preparation of PPy/Alq3 composite thin films using spin-coating technology and investigating the effect of mixing ratios and heat treatment (annealing) on the morphological and structural properties of these films. Scanning field electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed that the prepared films exhibit homogeneity and a smooth surface, with minimal effect of annealing on the overall morphology. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that Alq3 retains its amorphous nature in all samples, while PPy exhibits characteristic diffraction peaks indicating its semi-crystalline nature. It was also observed that annealing leads to an increase in the intensity of the PPy peaks, reflecting an improvement in the polymer’s microcrystalline structure. These results suggest the potential use of these composites in various optoelectronic applications, particularly in organic solar cells and sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinetics of phase formation and mechanical properties of multilayer Al–30 at% Cu and Al–60 at% Cu foils with different modulation periods 不同调制周期下多层Al-30 at% Cu和Al-60 at% Cu箔的相形成动力学和力学性能

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03173-7

Sergiy Polishchuk, Yana Matvienko, Anatolii Ustinov, Serhii Demchenkov, Mykola Skoryk, Iryna Zahorulko, Oleh Molebnyi, Oleksandr Kremenchutskyi

引用次数: 0

Application of magnetic nanoprobes based on nuclear magnetic resonance technology for the detection of food pathogenic microorganisms 基于核磁共振技术的磁性纳米探针在食品病原微生物检测中的应用

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03172-8

Yu Shi

{"title":"Application of magnetic nanoprobes based on nuclear magnetic resonance technology for the detection of food pathogenic microorganisms","authors":"Yu Shi","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03172-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03172-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The application of magnetic nanoprobes based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology offers a rapid and highly sensitive approach for detecting foodborne pathogenic microorganisms. To enhance the detection efficiency of nuclear magnetic resonance technology for Salmonella and similar pathogenic microorganisms in food, a new detection method was proposed. Firstly, Bio-PEG-MNPs with high water solubility and biocompatibility were obtained by modifying magnetic nanoparticles with chain shaped polyethylene glycol and biotin. Secondly, by analyzing its particle size distribution through dynamic light scattering, a dual antibody sandwich NMR detection system for salmonella was optimized and constructed. Finally, the lateral relaxation time of salmonella was rapidly measured using low field NMR, with a focus on optimizing the key parameters of the detection system. The experiments revealed that Bio-PEG-MNPs had monodisperse and stable properties at MNPs/PEG of 1:15 and MNPs/Bio of 1:21. The experimental parameters for optimal detection of signals were a biotinylated antibody concentration of 1 µg/mL, incubation time of 60 min for both salmonella and probe, and SA dosage of 1 µg/mL. The NMR sensor was able to specifically detect salmonella in PBS with a lower limit of detection of 100 CFU/mL, including a wide range of detections from 10<sup>2</sup> to 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/mL. The sensor was effective in detecting salmonella in milk and pork samples in the range of 10<sup>2</sup>~ 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/mL and CFU/g. This suggests that the NMR biosensor is a practical and accurate method for identifying salmonella in food. The technique can be used to identify salmonella in actual samples, which will encourage the use of low-field magnetic resonance imaging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selenium functionalized Bis–Azo nanodyes as antimicrobial colorants for polyester fabric: experimental and In Silico mechanistic studies 硒功能化双偶氮纳米染料作为涤纶织物的抗菌着色剂：实验和硅力学研究

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03159-5

Mohamed G. Abouelenein, Asmaa Aboelnaga, Elkhabiry Shaban, Osama M. Darwesh, Mohamed A. Said, Ashraf A. Abbas, Kamal M. Dawood, Fatehia I. Abdelmonem

{"title":"Selenium functionalized Bis–Azo nanodyes as antimicrobial colorants for polyester fabric: experimental and In Silico mechanistic studies","authors":"Mohamed G. Abouelenein, Asmaa Aboelnaga, Elkhabiry Shaban, Osama M. Darwesh, Mohamed A. Said, Ashraf A. Abbas, Kamal M. Dawood, Fatehia I. Abdelmonem","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03159-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03159-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanotechnology offers a powerful platform for engineering advanced materials with multifunctionality. This work details the fabrication and characterization of nano-selenium hybrid systems (SeNPs-dye) based on phenazone bis-azo dyes for application in polyester textiles. A series of bis-azo dyes based on phenazone and phloroglucinol scaffolds was synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity and suitability in functional polyester printing. Biological screening showed that only the phenazone derivatives displayed significant activity, whereas the phloroglucinol analogues were essentially inactive. Selenium nanoparticles were therefore selectively integrated with the active phenazone dyes to afford nano-selenium hybrids, from which SeNPs-9d emerged as the lead system. <b>SeNPs-9d</b> exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Salmonella typhi</i>, together with potent inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase. When applied to polyester fabric by screen printing, the SeNP-modified dyes produced level prints with high color strength, stable shade build-up, and excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration, sublimation, and light while retaining both color and antimicrobial performance after repeated laundering. Computational and ADMET studies supported these findings by indicating favorable binding energetics, electronic reactivity, and acceptable predicted safety for <b>SeNPs-9d</b>. Overall, nano-selenium modified phenazone bis-azo dyes, particularly SeNPs-9d, appear as promising antimicrobial colorants for advanced medical and protective textile applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-thermally evaporated Ag-Au thin films as composition-tuned back electrodes for CsEuCl₃-based lead-free perovskite solar cells 热蒸发Ag-Au薄膜作为CsEuCl₃基无铅钙钛矿太阳能电池的反向电极

IF 3.674 4区工程技术

Applied Nanoscience Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-026-03171-9

Hayder Hasan Ali, Ahmed B. Taha, Uday M. Nayef, Mohammed W. Muayad

{"title":"Co-thermally evaporated Ag-Au thin films as composition-tuned back electrodes for CsEuCl₃-based lead-free perovskite solar cells","authors":"Hayder Hasan Ali, Ahmed B. Taha, Uday M. Nayef, Mohammed W. Muayad","doi":"10.1007/s13204-026-03171-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13204-026-03171-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lead-free perovskite solar cells are promising candidates for sustainable photovoltaic technologies, but their performance and practical use are still limited by the choice of stable, efficient, and affordable back electrodes. Silver (Ag) is highly conductive and low-cost, but it can suffer from corrosion and ion diffusion, while gold (Au) provides better stability but is expensive. In this study, Ag–Au thin-film back electrodes with different compositions, Ag95Au5, Ag50Au50, and Ag5Au95, were prepared by co-thermal evaporation and integrated into glass/FTO/ZnO/CsEuCl₃/NiO/Ag–Au lead-free perovskite solar cells. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed that the electrode composition strongly influenced film crystallinity, surface uniformity, and interfacial quality. Among the tested electrodes, the Ag-rich Ag95Au5 contact showed the best photovoltaic performance, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 9.78%, with Jsc = 20.9 mA·cm⁻<sup>2</sup>, Voc = 0.88 V, FF = 0.532, and a reduced series resistance of 15.7 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>. This improvement is attributed to the favorable balance between the high electrical conductivity of Ag and the interfacial stability provided by a small amount of Au. These findings demonstrate that low-Au Ag–Au back electrodes can reduce material cost while improving charge collection, providing a practical and scalable route for developing efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":471,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nanoscience","volume":"16 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.674,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0