I-Perception最新文献_第8页

Target motion misjudgments reflect a misperception of the background; revealed using continuous psychophysics 目标运动错误判断反映了对背景的错误认知；利用连续心理物理学揭示了这一点

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231214439

Michael Falconbridge, Robert L. Stamps, Mark Edwards, David R. Badcock

{"title":"Target motion misjudgments reflect a misperception of the background; revealed using continuous psychophysics","authors":"Michael Falconbridge, Robert L. Stamps, Mark Edwards, David R. Badcock","doi":"10.1177/20416695231214439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231214439","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the velocities of target objects as we navigate complex environments is made more difficult by the fact that our own motion adds systematic motion signals to the visual scene. The flow-parsing hypothesis asserts that the background motion is subtracted from visual scenes in such cases as a way for the visual system to determine target motions relative to the scene. Here, we address the question of why backgrounds are only partially subtracted in lab settings. At the same time, we probe a much-neglected aspect of scene perception in flow-parsing studies, that is, the perception of the background itself. Here, we present results from three experienced psychophysical participants and one inexperienced participant who took part in three continuous psychophysics experiments. We show that, when the background optic flow pattern is composed of local elements whose motions are congruent with the global optic flow pattern, the incompleteness of the background subtraction can be entirely accounted for by a misperception of the background. When the local velocities comprising the background are randomly dispersed around the average global velocity, an additional factor is needed to explain the subtraction incompleteness. We show that a model where background perception is a result of the brain attempting to infer scene motion due to self-motion can account for these results.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

General lighting can overcome accidental viewing 一般照明可避免意外观看

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231215604

Isabelle Bülthoff, M. Breidt, H. Bülthoff, Daniel Kersten

{"title":"General lighting can overcome accidental viewing","authors":"Isabelle Bülthoff, M. Breidt, H. Bülthoff, Daniel Kersten","doi":"10.1177/20416695231215604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231215604","url":null,"abstract":"When seeing an object in a scene, the presumption of seeing that object from a general viewpoint (as opposed to an accidental viewpoint) is a useful heuristic to decide which of many interpretations of this object is correct. Similar heuristic assumptions on illumination quality might also be used for scene interpretation. Here we tested that assumption and asked if illumination information helps determine object properties when seen from an accidental viewpoint. Test objects were placed on a flat surface and illumination was varied while keeping the objects’ images constant. Observers judged the shape or rigidity of static or moving simple objects presented in accidental view. They also chose which of two seemingly very similar faces was familiar. We found: (1) Objects might appear flat without shadow information but were perceived to be volumetric objects or non-planar in the presence of cast shadows. (2) Apparently non-rigid objects became rigid with shadow information. (3) Shading and shadows helped to infer which of two face was the familiar one. Previous results had shown that cast shadows help determine spatial layout of objects. Our study shows that other properties of objects like rigidity or 3D-shape can be disambiguated by shadow information.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Continuous psychophysics for two-variable experiments; A new “Bayesian participant” approach 双变量实验的连续心理物理学；一种新的 "贝叶斯参与者 "方法

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231214440

Michael Falconbridge, Robert L. Stamps, Mark Edwards, David R. Badcock

{"title":"Continuous psychophysics for two-variable experiments; A new “Bayesian participant” approach","authors":"Michael Falconbridge, Robert L. Stamps, Mark Edwards, David R. Badcock","doi":"10.1177/20416695231214440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231214440","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in continuous psychophysical approaches as a means of collecting data quickly under natural conditions is growing. Such approaches require stimuli to be changed randomly on a continuous basis so that participants can not guess future stimulus states. Participants are generally tasked with responding continuously using a continuum of response options. These features introduce variability in the data that is not present in traditional trial-based experiments. Given the unique weaknesses and strengths of continuous psychophysical approaches, we propose that they are well suited to quickly mapping out relationships between above-threshold stimulus variables such as the perceived direction of a moving target as a function of the direction of the background against which the target is moving. We show that modelling the participant in such a two-variable experiment using a novel “Bayesian Participant” model facilitates the conversion of the noisy continuous data into a less-noisy form that resembles data from an equivalent trial-based experiment. We also show that adaptation can result from longer-than-usual stimulus exposure times during continuous experiments, even to features that the participant is not aware of. Methods for mitigating the effects of adaptation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-10-30 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231208547

Yoshitaka Fujii, Naoki Kuroda, Ryo Teraoka, Shinya Harada, Wataru Teramoto

{"title":"Age-related differences in temporal binding and the influence of action body parts.","authors":"Yoshitaka Fujii, Naoki Kuroda, Ryo Teraoka, Shinya Harada, Wataru Teramoto","doi":"10.1177/20416695231208547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231208547","url":null,"abstract":"If voluntary action is followed by an effect with a short time delay, the time interval between action and effect is often perceived to be shorter than it actually is. This perceptual time compression is termed intentional binding or temporal binding. We investigated age-related changes in adulthood considering temporal binding and its dependence on action body parts (i.e., hand vs. foot). This experiment included 17 young adults (mean age: 21.71 ± 3.14 years) and 27 older adults (mean age: 74.41 ± 3.38 years). Participants performed a button press task using their index fingers (hand condition) or toes (foot condition). The results showed that older participants exhibited a strong time compression comparable to young participants in the voluntary condition. Older participants also showed a strong time compression in involuntary action, which was induced by a mechanical device, differently from young participants. In line with previous research, the present age-related differences in time compression considering involuntary action suggest that causal belief significantly influences event perception rather than the associated intention of action or sensory afferents. The present results also suggest that the nature of action body parts has no significant influence on temporal binding, independent of age group.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"14 5","pages":"20416695231208547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10617286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Six ways of failing to see (and why the differences matter). 六种看不见的方式（以及为什么差异很重要）。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-09-27 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231198762

Makaela Nartker, Chaz Firestone, Howard Egeth, Ian Phillips

引用次数: 0

Vection induced by a pair of patches of synchronized visual motion stimuli covering total field of views as small as 10 square-degrees. 由一对覆盖小到10平方度的总视野的同步视觉运动刺激引起的视觉运动。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-09-24 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231201463

Coskun Joe Dizmen, Richard H Y So

{"title":"Vection induced by a pair of patches of synchronized visual motion stimuli covering total field of views as small as 10 square-degrees.","authors":"Coskun Joe Dizmen, Richard H Y So","doi":"10.1177/20416695231201463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231201463","url":null,"abstract":"Vection (illusion of self-motion) is known to be induced by watching large field-of-view (FOV) moving scenes. In our study, we investigated vection induced by small FOV stimuli. Three experiments were conducted in 45 sessions to analyze vection provoked by moving scenes covering total FOVs as small as 10 square-degrees. Results indicated that 88% of the participants reported vection while watching two small patches of moving dots (1° horizontal by 5° vertical, each) placed on the left and right sides of the observers. This is less than a quarter of the total visual area of two Apple Watches viewed at a distance of 40 cm. Occlusion of the visual field between the two display patches significantly increased the levels of rated vection. Similarly, increasing the speed of the moving dots of the two display patches from about 5 to 25 °/sec increased the levels of rated vection significantly. The location of the two patches in the horizontal visual field did not affect the vection perception significantly. When the two straight stripes of dots were moving in opposite directions, participants perceived circular vection. The observers connected the two stimuli in their minds and perceived them as parts of a single occluded background. The findings of this study are relevant to the design of mobile devices (e.g., smartphones) and wearable technology (e.g., smart watches) with small display areas.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"14 5","pages":"20416695231201463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10521291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Naturalistic face adaptation: How we adapt to freckles fast and sustainably. 自然面部适应：我们如何快速、可持续地适应雀斑。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-09-16 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231195262

Sandra Utz, Ronja Mueller, Tilo Strobach, Claus-Christian Carbon

{"title":"Naturalistic face adaptation: How we adapt to freckles fast and sustainably.","authors":"Sandra Utz, Ronja Mueller, Tilo Strobach, Claus-Christian Carbon","doi":"10.1177/20416695231195262","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20416695231195262","url":null,"abstract":"While sunbathing, our skin becomes susceptible to quite remarkable changes in visual appearance, that is, freckles appear or increase in intensity-most obviously on the face. Research on face adaptation repeatedly showed that the inspection of manipulated versions of faces (so-called adaptor faces) leads to robust and sustainable changes in the perception of subsequently presented faces. Therefore, during the adaptation phase of the present study, participants saw faces with either strongly increased or decreased intensities of freckles. After a 5-minute break, during the test phase, participants had to identify the veridical (non-manipulated) face out of two faces (a slightly manipulated face combined with a non-manipulated face). Results showed strong adaptation effects to increased and decreased levels of freckles. We conclude that updating facial representations in memory is relatively fast, and these representation updates seem to sustain over a certain time span (at least 5 minutes). Face-specificity of our effects will be discussed. The results align with our everyday experience that the appearance of freckles in spring is a salient change in a familiar face; however, we seem to not register these changes after a few exposures due to a loss of information quality.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"14 5","pages":"20416695231195262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10505343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10309491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The kinetic Orbison illusion. 动感的野牛幻觉。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-09-06 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231196979

Hikari Matsunaga, Hiroyuki Ito, Tama Kanematsu

{"title":"The kinetic Orbison illusion.","authors":"Hikari Matsunaga, Hiroyuki Ito, Tama Kanematsu","doi":"10.1177/20416695231196979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231196979","url":null,"abstract":"In the typical Orbison illusion, the sides of a square placed on concentric circles appear to be bending toward the center of the circles. We report a motion version of the Orbison illusion (namely, the kinetic Orbison illusion). When a dot moves along a square trajectory against a background of concentric circles, the sides of the trajectory appear to bend toward the center and the corners appear to be sharpened. In the present study, observers adjusted the shape of a comparison stimulus to the shape of the perceived trajectory by bending the sides. The amount of illusion was operationally defined as the largest discrepancy between the square and adjusted shape in the comparison stimulus. It was found that the illusory bending was more than twice the static Orbison illusion and reached a maximum of 7.3% of the length of one side. Experiments including a comparison between fixation and pursuit conditions revealed that the main cause of the kinetic illusion was not motion streaks of the dot crossing background circles. We propose an alternative hypothesis based on induced motion generated by background circle motion, the direction of which is misperceived owing to the aperture problem.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"14 5","pages":"20416695231196979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10515319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When is a disparity not a disparity? Toward an old theory of three-dimensional vision 什么时候差距不是差距?向着三维视觉的旧理论发展

4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231202726

Brian Rogers

{"title":"When is a disparity not a disparity? Toward an old theory of three-dimensional vision","authors":"Brian Rogers","doi":"10.1177/20416695231202726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231202726","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this paper are twofold: first, to discuss and analyze the concept of binocular disparity and second, to contrast the traditional “air theory” of three-dimensional vision with the much older “ground theory,” first suggested by Ibn al-Haytham more than a thousand years ago. The origins of an “air theory” of perception can be traced back to Descartes and subsequently to the philosopher George Berkeley, who claimed that distance “could not be seen” because points lying along the same line of sight (in an empty space) would all project to the same location on the retina. However, Descartes was also aware that the angle of convergence of the two eyes could solve the problem of the “missing” information for the monocular observer and, since then, most visual scientists have assumed that eye vergence plays an important role both in judging absolute distance and for scaling retinal size and binocular disparities. In contrast, al-Haytham's and Gibson’s “ground theories,” which are based on the geometry of the textured ground plane surface that has surrounded us throughout evolution and during our lifetimes, are not just more ecologically based but they also obviate the need for disparity scaling.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eyes can tell: Assessment of implicit attitudes toward AI art 眼睛可以看出:对人工智能艺术的内在态度的评估

4区心理学

I-Perception Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231209846

Yizhen Zhou, Hideaki Kawabata

{"title":"Eyes can tell: Assessment of implicit attitudes toward AI art","authors":"Yizhen Zhou, Hideaki Kawabata","doi":"10.1177/20416695231209846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20416695231209846","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly improved the abilities of machines. Human-unique abilities, such as art creation, are now being challenged by AI. Recent studies have investigated and compared people's attitudes toward human-made and AI-generated artworks. These results suggest that a negative bias may exist toward the latter. However, none of these previous studies has examined the extent of this bias. In this study, we investigate whether a bias against AI art can be found at an implicit level. Viewers’ attitudes toward AI art were assessed using eye-tracking measures and subjective aesthetic evaluations. Visual attention and aesthetic judgments were compared between artworks categorized as human-made and AI-made. The results showed that although it was difficult for individuals to identify AI-generated artwork, they exhibited an implicit prejudice against AI art. Participants looked longer at paintings that they thought were made by humans. No significant effect of categorization of paintings was found in subjective evaluations. These findings suggest that although human and AI art may be perceived as having similar aesthetic values, an implicit negative bias toward AI art exists. Although AI can now perform creative tasks, artistic creativity is still considered a human prerogative.","PeriodicalId":47194,"journal":{"name":"I-Perception","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0