Journal of Public Transportation最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating and prioritizing public transit infrastructure using man-hours savings: A case study of New York City and Kaohsiung bus operations","authors":"Marketa Jirmanova ,&nbsp;Vojtech Novotny ,&nbsp;Michal Matowicki ,&nbsp;Ching-Fu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluation and prioritization of public transport infrastructure remain pivotal challenges for urban planners and transport agencies. Traditional Level of Service (LoS) metrics, while useful, often overlook the compounded impacts of delays on passengers, particularly on heavily used transport corridors. This paper introduces the \"Man-Hours (M-H) Factor\", a novel evaluation metric that integrates vehicle operational data, travel time deviations, and passenger occupancy to quantify the potential cumulative burden of delays on passenger time. Using Manhattan’s and Kaohsiung’s public bus network as a case study, the methodology uses extensive data, including GPS-based travel times and hourly passenger counts, to recalibrate LoS metrics and identify high-priority inter-stop sections for intervention. The results reveal significant man-hour savings potential in select inter-stop sections and demonstrate how Man-Hours (M-H) Factor shifts prioritization to heavily utilized routes, offering a more equitable and actionable framework for decision-making. By incorporating passenger-centric metrics, this study provides a scalable, data-driven approach to the evaluation and planning of transport infrastructure, with broad implications for sustainable and equitable urban mobility systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixed-route or demand-responsive transit? An evaluation framework for transit service structures using dual-perspective indicators","authors":"Sadia Tasnim,&nbsp;Moataz Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes an evaluation framework to assess fixed-route transit (FRT) and demand-responsive transit (DRT), examining performance through real-world operational data. The framework is based on a concise set of key performance indicators (KPIs) synthesized from the literature that represent the perspectives of transit users and providers. The developed framework is applied to a real-world case study, where the same area was served by FRT and DRT. The service evaluation returned a mixed message on the performance of FRT and DRT services. The results show that operational cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per passenger kilometre travelled (PKT) in FRT are 80% lower than DRT indicating that FRT could move more passengers per kilometre at both lower cost and emissions compared to DRT within the case study. Overall, the proposed framework offers a practical solution for planners to evaluate transit options for communities in diverse spatiotemporal environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147656690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking digital and social value in public transit: A discrete choice experiment with urban passengers","authors":"Cam Anh Thi Pham ,&nbsp;Duc Anh Bui ,&nbsp;Xuan Phuc Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanization in rapidly growing cities has intensified demand for sustainable public transport solutions. Despite their potential, traditional and electric bus services remain underutilized due to limited attractiveness. The case study is Hanoi (Vietnam), where bus use is constrained by reliability and access challenges and strong competition from private motorbikes and ride-hailing. This study investigates passengers’ preferences and their willingness to pay (WTP) for key service improvements in the bus system. A Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) was conducted to evaluate six attributes: ride experience, schedule punctuality, bus app usability, emission reduction, walking distance to bus stops, and fare. Based on survey data from 366 respondents, the study estimates WTP and examines how socio-demographic factors influence user choices. The findings indicate that ride safety and punctuality are most valued, followed by environmental friendliness and the usability of mobile applications. Notably, passengers with children and those expressing environmental concern show higher WTP, whereas low-income and infrequent users are more price sensitive. These results offer practical implications for fare policies, service design, and targeted communication strategies to enhance public transport adoption. The study contributes to the limited literature on bus service valuation in developing countries and supports evidence-based planning through DCE methodology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147656691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling trip scheduling decisions of bus commuters amid disruptive events using smart card data","authors":"Maximiliano Lizana ,&nbsp;David Watling ,&nbsp;Charisma Choudhury","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Departure time models are key tools for understanding time-varying travel demand. Nonetheless, there is limited research focusing on the analysis of trip scheduling decisions in the context of public transport users. In particular, research on how public transport users adapt departure times when the activity and travel landscape are altered as a consequence of disruptive events (e.g. pandemics, social unrest), is yet to be conducted. Smart card data, which passively records time-stamped departure locations of public transport users, offers the opportunity to investigate such shifts in detail but is yet to be utilised. The paper aims to address these two gaps by using smart card data to investigate the trip scheduling decisions of bus commuters amid disruptive events. This goal is achieved by estimating departure time choice models (DTCMs) for characteristic episodes between 2019 and 2022 for Santiago's bus system, a city affected to different degrees by two types of disruptive events within this timeframe: the COVID-19 pandemic and social unrest. The paper addresses the methodological challenges of calculating schedule delay with smart card data by estimating preferred arrival times as a random variable within a mixed multinomial logit model. The approach is assessed through the valuation of the trade-off between travel time and schedule delay (TVSD), with the results falling within the range of values previously reported in the literature. The model results highlight the existence of multi-temporal differences in the arrival time preferences of bus commuters, as well as in their TVSD amid disruptive events. It was found that bus commuters were less willing to accept an increase in their travel time to reduce their schedule delay during disruptive episodes. The heterogeneity between bus travellers was also explored: recurrent bus commuters exhibited higher TVSDs than occasional commuters. The outcome of this study supports using smart card data as a feasible source to investigate how public transport passengers allocate their trip scheduling both during normal periods and amid external disruptions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated charging facility planning and charging scheduling for a rural battery electric bus system","authors":"Harsh Shah ,&nbsp;Ravi Gadepalli ,&nbsp;Lakshay ,&nbsp;Oded Cats","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient charging planning and scheduling are crucial for electric buses (e-buses) due to their limited range and extended charging times. This paper focuses on the problem of planning the charging infrastructure for a public transport network in a rural area. Due to longer routes and poor road conditions in rural areas, especially in developing countries, conventional diesel intercity bus services account for significant carbon emissions from bus transport. However, there is a gap in planning the electrification of rural bus systems, especially in terms of charging infrastructure planning. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to identify optimal charging schedules using an integrated modelling approach. In particular, an optimisation model is developed to simultaneously determine the optimum location and capacity of charging facilities, along with optimal charging schedules for e-buses. This model aims to minimise the costs associated with charging infrastructure and the electricity consumed by the buses, considering time of use (TOU) electricity tariffs. A real-world case study of Kalyana Karnataka Road Transport Corporation (KKRTC) in Karnataka, India is presented to test the efficacy of the developed model. For the considered scenario in the Kalburgi division (the largest division in KKRTC), with 11 depots and 887 bus routes, the model provides 52 optimal locations with a total of 82 opportunity chargers. According to the model, the feasible electrification level is 67.08% in the case of rural battery electric bus (BEB) systems for this division. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is presented to understand the effect of battery size and charger power on the results. The proposed approach offers operators a valuable tool for making optimal decisions regarding e-bus networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147537837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing diverse stakeholders’ objectives in a real-time multimodal mobility hub system","authors":"Ali Akbar Sadat Asl ,&nbsp;Hugues Delmaire ,&nbsp;Antoine Legrain ,&nbsp;François Soumis","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ridesharing could offer a solution to urban mobility challenges by delivering affordability and convenience while reducing congestion and environmental impact. This paper presents a system for multimodal mobility hubs with parking facilities, integrating personal vehicles with carpooling options and shuttle services into a cohesive network designed to accommodate real-time inbound and outbound ride requests. To address diverse interests and priorities within urban transportation, a column generation approach is employed to optimize the objectives of key stakeholders. An extensive computational study is performed using real-world public transit and ridesharing datasets from Québec City. The emission, user, and system objectives favor shared transportation options, while the operator objective shows a more substantial reliance on solo vehicles. Additionally, the results indicate that a transition to fully electric vehicles powered by a renewable energy mix can reduce average emissions by 78.1% compared to a scenario with gasoline-fueled vehicles. Rigorous evaluation across diverse scenarios demonstrates the proposed system’s efficacy in addressing the complexities of large-scale transportation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the interaction between subway car design and commuter standing position choices: Considering the impact of multidimensional factors","authors":"Sijun He ,&nbsp;Wenlong Wang ,&nbsp;Juan Li ,&nbsp;Tiecheng Ding ,&nbsp;Xinkun Guo ,&nbsp;Wenwen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In densely populated cities, standing while commuting by subway is the most common mode of travel. Passengers’ choice of standing position determines the density distribution within subway cars, but the driving factors influencing their standing position and facility preferences remain unclear. This study designed a revealed preference survey targeting subway users in Chengdu, which included three dimensions of commuters’ sociodemographic attributes, travel characteristics, and in-car environmental factors. By analyzing travel data from 2375 valid responses and conducting statistical tests, it was identified that gender, travel duration, passenger density, car type, and the configuration of standing support facilities are significant factors influencing passengers’ in-car position choices. Then, these factors were used to estimate a multinomial probit model for standing position choice. The results indicate that, in terms of position choice, men tend to prefer standing at the ends of the subway car, while women prefer standing in the middle area near the seats. Short-distance travelers are more likely to stand near the doors, while long-distance travelers tend to prefer the middle areas. The difference in position preferences becomes less pronounced as the travel time increases. As passenger density increases, the probability of passengers choosing the car ends decreases, while the probability of choosing the middle areas increases. However, under crowded conditions, the door areas remains the most occupied. In terms of facility choice, the group that does not use standing aids is primarily composed of young people and high-income individuals, while elderly people and low-income individuals have a higher proportion of using lower-mounted facilities. The study also found that while the arrangement of facilities significantly affects passengers’ standing position, it is not a decisive factor. Passengers’ choices still depend on the combined effect of multiple factors. This study enhances the understanding of standing passenger behavior within the subway car microenvironment and reveals its close relationship with interior design, providing insights for optimizing spatial organization and facility distribution in subway cars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional requirements for automated bus transit systems based on human driver tasks","authors":"Johannes Lindner ,&nbsp;Martin Margreiter ,&nbsp;Klaus Bogenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by advancements in automation and connectivity, this paper explores the development of automated Public Transportation (PT) systems. This study addresses the critical role of human bus drivers in ensuring safety, accessibility, and service quality, examining how their diverse responsibilities can be translated into a modular technical framework. By analyzing legal frameworks in Europe and North America and conducting expert interviews with bus drivers in Munich, Germany, we identify the main tasks human drivers perform, including passenger safety monitoring, passenger assistance, communication, vehicle control, traffic monitoring, and service operation. From these tasks, we derive a conceptual framework of functional requirements organized within a Sense-Plan-Act (SPA) model and a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). We propose a Public Transport Control System that integrates requirements into a high-level architecture, providing a foundation for developing systems that can operate safely and efficiently while maintaining high service quality and meeting legal standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147656687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broken mobility: An exploratory study on public transport and youth-mistrust in contemporary Greece","authors":"A. Divasson-J.","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, Greece’s mobility infrastructure has been increasingly criticized for its unreliability, territorial disparity, and lack of transparency. These systemic issues have been exacerbated by socio-political unrest and tragic events, most notably the 2023 Tempi railway disaster. Through a mixed-methods approach; combining surveys, qualitative interviews, and participatory workshops, this study analyses how a group of Greek youth experience and interpret public transport. The findings reveal a fragmented system shaped by underinvestment, poor planning, and civic disconnection. Beyond infrastructure, the research highlights the emotional and political dimensions of mobility, with recurrent distrust in institutions, normalized resignation, and reliance on individual strategies. Ultimately, the article argues that transport in Greece might not simply be a technical challenge but also a perceived erosion of democracy, and calls for a redefinition of transport policy as a central element of social justice and public accountability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of mobile charging pods for electric bus operations","authors":"Mohd Aiman Khan ,&nbsp;Wilco Burghout ,&nbsp;Oded Cats ,&nbsp;Erik Jenelius ,&nbsp;Matej Cebecauer","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubtr.2026.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in battery technology and the global shift toward sustainable transport have accelerated the adoption of electrified public transit systems. However, the implementation of such systems is often constrained by the need for large battery capacities and the high costs associated with stationary charging infrastructure. This study investigates the potential of Mobile Autonomous Charging Pods (MAPs) which are autonomous mobile charging vehicles as an innovative and cost-effective strategy to support the electrification of high-frequency urban bus lines. Using microscopic simulation for inner-city trunk lines in Stockholm, three charging configurations are evaluated: (i) depot-only charging, (ii) depot charging combined with end-station charging, and (iii) depot charging supported by MAPs. Results show that the MAP-based approach enables a reduction in total battery capacity by up to 67% compared to the depot-only strategy and yields total cost savings of over 7 million USD in total cost of ownership across an 11-year horizon. In addition to reducing capital and grid connection costs, MAPs offer greater operational flexibility and resilience by decentralizing energy delivery and enabling dynamic in-motion or stationary charging. The findings highlight MAPs as a scalable and economically viable solution that complements traditional depot infrastructure, offering a path toward more adaptable and efficient electric public transport networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47173,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}