Infants & Young Children最新文献

{"title":"A Comparison of Dialogic Reading, Modeling, and Dialogic Reading Plus Modeling","authors":"C. Coogle, Allison Parsons, Leslie La Croix, Jennifer R. Ottley","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000162","url":null,"abstract":"The authors used an alternating treatment, single-case design to determine the effect of dialogic reading, modeling, and dialogic reading plus modeling on the expressive vocabulary identification of 2 preschool children identified with autism spectrum disorder. Their preschool teacher implemented each of the conditions within the daily routines of the classroom. Each condition demonstrated effectiveness; however, the dialogic reading condition had the most robust effect on both of the children's labeling of target vocabulary words.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"68 1","pages":"119 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85809513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Developmental Abilities in Infants With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Pilot Behavioral Intervention Study.","authors":"Nicole M McDonald,&nbsp;Carly Hyde,&nbsp;April Boin Choi,&nbsp;Amanda C Gulsrud,&nbsp;Connie Kasari,&nbsp;Charles A Nelson,&nbsp;Shafali S Jeste","doi":"10.1097/iyc.0000000000000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/iyc.0000000000000160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic syndrome that confers risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Delays in social communication and early cognitive abilities are observable as early as 9 months of age in children with TSC; however, there have been no studies of early behavioral intervention in TSC. We conducted a pilot study of an evidence-based, parent-mediated behavioral intervention focused on improving early social communication and play skills in 5 children with TSC (aged 1-3 years). Participants showed maintenance and sometimes gains in developmental abilities, relative to peers, following intervention. Parents generally found the intervention to be helpful and were able to administer the intervention with fidelity. Preliminary results demonstrate initial feasibility of an early play-based, parent-mediated intervention and support the need for a large-scale, randomized clinical trial in TSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"33 2","pages":"108-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/iyc.0000000000000160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37987701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Dimensionality and Psychometric Properties of a Social–Emotional Screening Instrument for Young Children","authors":"C. Chen, J. Squires, Kathleen Scalise","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000163","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Social–emotional competence is important for children's lifelong positive developmental outcomes. The dimensionality and psychometric properties of a widely used social–emotional assessment, the Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social–Emotional Second Edition (ASQ:SE-2), were investigated in this study using item response theory models. A comparison was conducted between a unidimensional model, reflecting a compound construct—social–emotional competence, and a multidimensional model, based on the theoretical framework that posits that social competence and emotional competence are highly related but different constructs. The result indicated that the multidimensional structure presented a better fit for the ASQ:SE-2 sample across most intervals (i.e., 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48, and 60 months). The psychometric properties estimated by the multidimensional model reflected congruence between the levels of item difficulty and the design of the ASQ:SE-2 and indicated a high quality of items based on the fit item statistics. However, the expected a posteriori/plausible value reliability estimates for several younger age intervals (i.e., 6, 12, 18, and 24 months) did not meet the 0.70 benchmark. The relationship between the 2 dimensions presented a moderate correlation during infancy (r = .43–.56) and a stronger relationship in older ages (r = .71–.83).","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"31 1","pages":"142 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74991580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Outcomes of Preschool Special Education","authors":"B. Elbaum","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000155","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this secondary analysis of state-collected data was to investigate developmental outcomes of preschool special education (PSE) services in a statewide cohort of participating children (n = 17,828). In line with federal performance indicators for Individuals with Disabilities Education Act early childhood programs, the outcome of interest in this study was the percentage of children who demonstrated age-expected functioning in all 5 major domains of development—communication, cognitive, motor, personal–social, and adaptive—at the time they exited the PSE program. The study also investigated the extent to which this outcome varied, depending on the severity and complexity of children's delays when they began PSE services. Overall, 38.2% of children exited the program within age norms in all 5 domains; percentages for subgroups of children ranged from 77% for children with no measured delay on entry to 23% for children demonstrating severe delay in 1 or more developmental areas. Holding delay severity constant, each additional domain of delay on entry was associated with a decrease in the percentage of children exiting within age norms. Findings of the study problematize the application of a single definition of “expected progress” for all participating children and underscore the utility of examining and reporting program outcomes for subgroups of children.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"234 1","pages":"20 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76114833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the EditorCommentary: Addressing Inequities in the Era of COVID-19: The Pandemic and the Urgent Need for Critical Race Theory","authors":"C. Ford","doi":"10.1097/IYC.000000000000017210.1097/FCH.0000000000000266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.000000000000017210.1097/FCH.0000000000000266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61765311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Editor The Performance of Chest CT in Evaluating the Clinical Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Identifying Critical Cases Based on CT Characteristics","authors":"P. Lyu, Xing Liu, Rui Zhang, Lei Shi, Jianbo Gao","doi":"10.1097/iyc.000000000000017210.1097/rli.0000000000000689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/iyc.000000000000017210.1097/rli.0000000000000689","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the clinical severity of COVID-19 pneumonia using qualitative and/or quantitative chest computed tomography (CT) indicators and identify the CT characteristics of critical cases Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients with COVID-19 pneumonia including ordinary cases (group A, n = 12), severe cases (group B, n = 15), and critical cases (group C, n = 24) were retrospectively enrolled The qualitative and quantitative indicators from chest CT were recorded and compared using Fisher exact test, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis Results Depending on the severity of the disease, the number of involved lung segments and lobes, the frequencies of consolidation, crazy-paving pattern, and air bronchogram increased in more severe cases Qualitative indicators including total severity score for the whole lung and total score for crazy-paving and consolidation could distinguish groups B and C from A (69% sensitivity, 83% specificity, and 73% accuracy) but were similar between group B and group C Combined qualitative and quantitative indicators could distinguish these 3 groups with high sensitivity (B + C vs A, 90%;C vs B, 92%), specificity (100%, 87%), and accuracy (92%, 90%) Critical cases had higher total severity score (>10) and higher total score for crazy-paving and consolidation (>4) than ordinary cases, and had higher mean lung density (>−779 HU) and full width at half maximum (>128 HU) but lower relative volume of normal lung density (≦50%) than ordinary/severe cases In our critical cases, 8 patients with relative volume of normal lung density smaller than 40% received mechanical ventilation for supportive treatment, and 2 of them had died Conclusions A rapid, accurate severity assessment of COVID-19 pneumonia based on chest CT would be feasible and could provide help for making management decisions, especially for the critical cases","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"33 1","pages":"161-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61765354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Child Characteristics and Mother's Educational Level on Child Engagement Levels","authors":"C. P. Morales-Murillo, Pau García-Grau, M. D. Grau-Sevilla, Beatriz Soucase-Lozano","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000154","url":null,"abstract":"This study looked at the effect of mother's educational level, child emotional difficulties, peer interactions, age, and gender on children's sophistication level of engagement. Eighty-six randomly selected children, aged between 36 and 72 months, and 20 teachers from 5 early childhood education centers in Valencia, Spain, participated in the study. Teachers reported on children's sophistication levels of engagement, interaction with peers, and emotional difficulties. Mothers reported on their highest educational level. The results indicated a direct effect of age, emotional difficulties, peer interactions, and mother's educational level on sophistication level of engagement. Emotional difficulties mediated the relation between mother's educational level and children's sophistication level of engagement, and peer interactions mediated the relation between sophistication level of engagement and age. Our results and those of other studies suggest promoting children's interactions with peers and emotionally secure environments as best practices for supporting children's higher sophistication levels of engagement in early childhood education routines.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"146 1","pages":"71 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85877588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overimitation of Children With Cochlear Implants or Hearing Aids in Comparison With Children With Normal Hearing","authors":"Zhidan Wang, Xiaoyu Zhu, Frankie T. K. Fong, Jing Meng, Haijing Wang","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000157","url":null,"abstract":"Our proclivity toward high-fidelity transmission of knowledge is one of the key mechanisms that underpins our success as a species. This study evaluated overimitation within children with hearing impairments (who had either a cochlear implant or a hearing aid) in relation to those with normal hearing. A total of seventy-two 4-year-old children were shown how to operate novel objects using a series of causally irrelevant actions, followed by causally relevant action. We measured the degree to which children reproduced the irrelevant actions as an indicator of imitative fidelity. Children with either hearing impairments or normal hearing replicated the irrelevant actions at rates above the baseline. However, imitative fidelity of the former group was significantly lower. In addition, children with hearing impairments were also less likely to identify and achieve the outcome by performing the relevant act. This study advances our understanding of social learning in children with hearing impairments and proposes potential weakness of social-cognitive skills within this population.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"11 1","pages":"84 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83887808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Problem Solving and Reflection as Caregiver Coaching Strategies in Early Intervention","authors":"Ciera M. Lorio, M. Romano, Juliann Woods, Jennifer A. Brown","doi":"10.1097/IYC.0000000000000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000156","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing number of researchers are examining the benefits and outcomes of caregiver-implemented interventions for young children with delays or disabilities. Most report the incorporation of multiple coaching strategies within their approach; however, definitions and descriptions of coaching strategies and processes continue to be limited. This scoping review examined the use of various coaching strategies across models of caregiver coaching in early intervention, with a specific focus on problem solving and reflection coaching strategies occurring in the literature between 2011 and 2018. Problem solving and reflection are 2 coaching strategies incorporated into coaching approaches to build caregiver competency, confidence, and independence within intervention implementation. The results of this review may guide the field in further defining caregiver coaching as well as specific coaching strategies, such as problem solving and reflection.","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"101 1","pages":"35 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79038893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/iyc.0000000000000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/iyc.0000000000000159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47099,"journal":{"name":"Infants & Young Children","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82740744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}