JBJS Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Foot Drop in Orthopaedic Surgery: Anatomy, Etiology, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment.","authors":"Katherine Dong, Justin L Reyes, Michael A Mastroianni, Josephine R Coury, Riley Sevensky, Fthimnir M Hassan, Joseph M Lombardi, Charles A Popkin, Bonnie Y Chien, Lawrence G Lenke, Zeeshan M Sardar","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.24.00170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.24.00170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Foot drop is a problem encountered by orthopaedic surgeons from various subspecialties. The etiology can vary from the lower extremity to the spine and can be managed conservatively depending on functional limitations. Common nonsurgical interventions include ankle-foot orthoses, physical therapy, electrical nerve stimulation, and activity modification. Surgical options vary between nerve decompression and lower extremity tendon transfers. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the anatomy, etiology, diagnoses, and treatment options of foot drop.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Epidemiology of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors and Incidence Across Populations.","authors":"Marc Daniel Bouchard, Bianca G Vescio, Mehnaz Munir, Justin Gilbert, Russell J de Souza, Jeffrey Kay, Darren de Sa, Gita Wahi","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood obesity is a growing global health crisis with significant health and orthopedic complications such as slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), a hip disorder characterized by the displacement of the metaphysis relative to the epiphysis. SCFE always requires surgical intervention to prevent severe outcomes such as avascular necrosis, gait abnormalities, and lifelong disability and deformity. Obesity is a well-established risk factor for SCFE; however, emerging evidence suggests that elevated leptin levels may independently contribute to the development of SCFE, regardless of obesity status. This systematic review synthesizes geographic, socioeconomic, age, and sex-related trends in SCFE incidence among children with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches of Embase, OVID Medline, and Emcare databases were performed from inception through October 1, 2024. Observational studies reporting the incidence of SCFE in children and adolescents with obesity (aged ≤18 years) across various geographic populations were included. Studies involving children with other chronic health conditions or animal studies on the physis were excluded. Study quality was evaluated using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies scoring system. Descriptive statistics were presented as absolute frequencies with percentages or as weighted means with corresponding measures of variance where applicable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies (5,467 patients) from North America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania met inclusion criteria. SCFE patient samples ranged from 55 to 1,630, with some larger cohorts monitoring multiple medical conditions. The mean age was 12.0 years (SD = 0.4), and male-to-female ratios ranged from 1.43:1 to 3.12:1. SCFE incidence varied by region, from 50.5 per 100,000 (Sweden) to 0.33 per 100,000 (South Korea), with a pooled incidence of 9.62 per 100,000. Overweight prevalence was highest in Sweden (66%) and South Korea (67.6%) and lowest in Japan (11.8%). Unilateral SCFE predominated (68.4% to 90.6%). In situ screw fixation was the most common treatment, with 1 study reporting intertrochanteric osteotomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Geographic variation in SCFE incidence suggests multifactorial influences beyond obesity, including socioeconomic factors, healthcare access, and genetic predisposition. Limited high-quality comparative studies and inconsistent BMI criteria highlight the need for further research to clarify SCFE risk factors.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV, systematic review. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing and Selection of Lower Extremity Arthroplasty Procedures: Which to Perform First and When to Consider Simultaneous Bilateral Procedures.","authors":"Nicole D Quinlan, Todd M Miner, Jason M Jennings, Douglas A Dennis","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» For patients with both lumbar spine pathology, hip and knee degenerative joint disease, it is important to consider the implications of surgically addressing each anatomic region first.» Performing total hip arthroplasty before lumbar spine fusion may decrease the risk of dislocation and revision surgery; however, if spinal fusion is performed first, it may be protective to wait 1 to 2 years to lower the risk of complications.» In all patients with concurrent hip and low back symptoms, it is recommended that an evaluation of both areas is performed before proceeding with either surgical intervention.» If arthroplasty procedures are to occur in a staged fashion, adverse events in high-risk patients may be mitigated by waiting for more than 1 year between procedures. Staged procedures performed less than 30 days apart are at increased risk of medical and surgical complications.» Simultaneous bilateral total joint arthroplasty procedures should likely be avoided in more elderly patients, those with higher body mass index and those with a greater burden of medical comorbidities due to the increased risks of postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation Classification and Management: A Review of the Literature.","authors":"Anas El Zouhbi, Ahmad Hammad, Mahmoud Hammad, Mohamad Nassereddine","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Closed reduction and physical therapy are the primary approaches for most acute anterior sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocations, with acceptable outcomes for low-demand patients. However, these treatments have a high rate of recurrent instability, albeit with minimal functional impact.» Persistently symptomatic recurrent dislocations typically warrant surgical intervention. The choice of technique-ranging from nonabsorbable sutures to tendon autografts and plating-is based on individualized care by considering patient-specific factors such as activity level, bone quality, and health.» High-demand patients, such as athletes, benefit from robust techniques like suture repair with an internal brace or hamstring tendon autografts. These methods provide durable stability and reduce recurrence risks.» Patients with poor bone quality, such as those with osteoporosis, may require plating techniques (e.g., locking plates or SCJ-specific plates) to ensure rigid fixation, albeit with potential hardware-related complications.» Owing to the rarity of the condition and limited studies, no standardized treatment protocol exists. Tailored approaches based on clinical and functional needs yield optimal outcomes, and further research is needed to identify the best practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Recommendations for the Perioperative Management of Biologic Medications for Nonrheumatologic Diseases in Total Joint Arthroplasty.","authors":"Andrew R Moya, Pooya Tehrany, Kassem Ghayyad, Ramakanth Yakkanti, Andrew Pepper","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Managing biologic therapies in nonrheumatologic patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) poses unique risks, such as infection, and wound healing issues, yet guidelines are limited.» Some agents may be continued during the perioperative period, while others may need to be temporarily withheld before surgery.» The absence of clear perioperative guidelines for patients on biologics underscores the need for evidence-based protocols to support optimal surgical outcomes.» A deeper understanding of biologic pharmacodynamics in the perioperative period can help manage risks, particularly as the demand for TJAs in biologic-treated patients grows.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myths and Facts About Allograft Use in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Detailed Review of the Literature.","authors":"Benjamin R Paul, Joey Robaina, Romir Parmar, Thomas Carter, Anup Shah","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Patient-Specific Graft Selection: Graft selection for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) requires a nuanced approach that considers various patient-specific factors, such as age, activity level, comorbidities, and surgical goals. Generally, allografts are preferred for older patients with less active lifestyles, whereas autografts are more suitable for younger, active patients because of autografts' lower retear rates.» Impact of Sterilization Techniques: Sterilization and processing techniques significantly affect the biomechanical properties and outcomes of allografts. While high-dose irradiation reduces allograft strength and compromises healing, low-dose irradiation or nonirradiated grafts offer superior biomechanical and clinical outcomes. However, standardized sterilization protocols are yet to be established.» Comparative Outcomes of Allografts and Autografts: Evaluating the literature on allografts vs. autografts in ACLR remains challenging because of the significant variability in patient characteristics, outcome measures, graft strength testing, and sterilization techniques across studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Is It Safe for Patients to Air Travel After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Khaled A Elmenawi, Janita Basit, Ignacio Pasqualini, Shujaa T Khan, Neil Nero, John P McLaughlin, Jorge Manrique, Nicolas S Piuzzi","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Despite many patients traveling by air for total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there are limited data to guide recommendations for air travel after these procedures.» It is unknown whether the timing of postoperative air travel contributes to the risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) after THA and TKA.» The existing limited data do not suggest a difference in VTE risk between those who did and did not travel by air after THA and TKA surgery, mostly within 7 days.» As more patients travel by air seeking THA and TKA, there is an increasing need for a thorough evaluation of associated risks. This assessment should account for patient-specific risk factors, duration of air travel, and the timing of flights in relation to the postoperative period to ensure optimal safety and outcomes.» There is no consensus on the ideal VTE prophylaxis for patients who travel by air after THA and TKA. However, long-haul flights (>4 hours) are associated with a higher VTE risk and are likely to require stronger prophylactic measures.» Some airlines and regulatory agencies may enforce regulations for passengers who travel by air soon after THA and TKA. Patients may be asked to present proof of medical clearance from the treating surgeon before boarding the airplane in addition to being on appropriate VTE prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Operative Time yet Enhanced Accuracy in Computer-Assisted vs. Mechanical Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jean Shanaa, Shaheryar Asad, William Mitchell, Malik Oda, Akash Pathak, Scott Marwin","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.24.00202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.24.00202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is considered a highly complex procedure, requiring advanced specialization and training beyond that of conventional total hip arthroplasty (THA). With the advent of computer-assisted navigation in HRA, some surgeons have adopted this technology to improve accuracy, whereas others continue to rely on traditional mechanical jig techniques. This study aims to assess radiographic positioning data and clinical outcomes to evaluate the effectiveness of computer-assisted navigation in HRA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases with specific search terms related to HRA, computer navigation, and outcomes. Data extraction focused on demographic and study variables such as complication rates, radiographic data, and patient-reported outcomes. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to compare operative time, odds of complications, and odds of outliers between patients undergoing HRA with and without the use of computer-assisted navigation. Statistical significance was defined as a 95% confidence interval that does not include one.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From an initial pool of 223 articles, 13 met inclusion criteria, encompassing 1,287 patients. Analysis revealed a complication rate of 5.29% for the mechanical group vs. 3.35% for the navigation group. Outlier rates were 31.96% for the mechanical group and 8.76% for the computer-assisted group. The average operative time was 110.95 minutes for procedures using navigation compared with 101.16 minutes for traditional HRA. Meta-analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in overall complications. However, the navigation-based HRA cohort demonstrated a significantly lower likelihood of prosthetic placement outliers and a longer operative time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As reported over a decade ago by Liu et al., the use of navigation continues to result in a more accurate prosthetic positioning. Unfortunately, no significant difference was found in clinical outcomes. Future research is needed to demonstrate that the increased accuracy offered by navigation translates into superior postoperative outcomes. Such evidence could advocate for a complete transition from mechanical techniques to computer-assisted navigation as the standard approach for HRA.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III, systematic review of Level II and III studies. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmentation Techniques for Rotator Cuff Repairs.","authors":"Thomas M Hoffmeister, Patrick J Denard, Robert Z Tashjian, Paul M Sethi","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.25.00007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Despite enhanced understanding of risk factors for failure and enhanced surgical repair techniques, the risk for failure of the rotator cuff to heal after surgery is still substantial.» A patient-specific approach to augmentation is essential, with decisions based on tear and patient characteristics.» Augmentation can improve repair strength and promote cellular infiltration, which collectively contribute to better healing outcomes.» Augmentation strategies may improve outcomes in rotator cuff repairs, particularly in high-risk cases; however, there is a lack of consensus among surgeons on the most effective strategies for each scenario.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femoroacetabular Impingement: Critical Analysis Review of Current Nonoperative Treatments.","authors":"Malik E Dancy, Victoria Oladipo, Prince Boadi, Angela Mercurio, Andrew S Alexander, Mario Hevesi, Aaron J Krych, Kelechi R Okoroha","doi":"10.2106/JBJS.RVW.24.00211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.RVW.24.00211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>» Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is the premature contact of the femoral head-neck junction with the superior acetabular rim during hip range of motion, which may further damage intra-articular soft tissue structures and lead to the accelerated development of osteoarthritis.» FAI syndrome is diagnosed by a triad of symptoms, clinical signs, and imaging findings, and is a common cause of hip pain in young patients that have a significant impact on patient hip-related function and quality of life.» The treatment of FAI syndrome begins with noninvasive nonoperative modalities such as patient education and supervised exercise-based physical therapy. For recalcitrant symptoms, various injections have been explored for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes; however, the efficacy of these interventions have generally not been demonstrated outside of the short term» In this article, we examine the available literature regarding the nonoperative treatment of FAI and provide insight into the effectiveness of current treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47098,"journal":{"name":"JBJS Reviews","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}